聯準會歷史性升息75點以應對通膨飆升

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Federal Reserve Raises Interest Rates by Historic 75 Basis Points Amid Soaring Inflation

通膨飆升，聯準會升息歷史性75個基點

Washington, D.C. - In a historic move to combat persistent inflationary pressures, the Federal Reserve has raised its benchmark interest rate by 75 basis points, the largest increase since 1994. The decision, announced by Fed Chairman Jerome Powell at a press conference, marks a significant departure from the central bank's gradual approach to monetary policy in recent years.

華盛頓特區- 為了應對持續的通膨壓力，美聯儲採取了歷史性舉措，將基準利率提高了75 個基點，這是自1994 年以來的最大漲幅。這項決定，標誌著聯準會與近年來央行漸進式的貨幣政策方針明顯背離。

The aggressive rate hike comes as the U.S. economy faces its highest inflation rate in four decades, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) surging by 8.6% year-over-year in May. The relentless rise in prices across a broad range of goods and services, from food and energy to shelter and transportation, has eroded consumer purchasing power and raised concerns about the long-term health of the economy.

這次大幅升息之際，美國經濟正面臨四十年來最高的通膨率，5月消費者物價指數（CPI）較去年同期飆升8.6%。從食品和能源到住房和交通等各種商品和服務的價格不斷上漲，削弱了消費者的購買力，並引發了人們對經濟長期健康狀況的擔憂。

"Inflation is much too high, and we understand the hardship it is causing," Powell said at the press conference. "We are strongly committed to bringing inflation back down to our 2% goal."

鮑威爾在新聞發布會上表示：“通貨膨脹太高了，我們理解它所造成的困難。” “我們堅定致力於將通膨率降至 2% 的目標。”

The Fed's decision to raise rates by a full three-quarters of a percentage point underscores the urgency with which policymakers view the inflation threat. It also marks a significant shift in the central bank's stance since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, when it had slashed rates to near-zero levels to stimulate economic growth.

聯準會升息整整四分之三個百分點的決定凸顯了政策制定者對通膨威脅的迫切性。這也標誌著自 COVID-19 大流行爆發以來央行立場的重大轉變，當時央行將利率削減至接近零的水平以刺激經濟成長。

Powell acknowledged that the aggressive rate hikes could slow economic growth and potentially lead to job losses. However, he emphasized that the Fed's priority is to bring inflation under control and prevent a prolonged period of elevated prices.

鮑威爾承認，激進的升息可能會減緩經濟成長，並可能導致失業。不過，他強調，聯準會的首要任務是控制通膨，防止物價長期上漲。

"We must keep at it until the job is done," Powell said. "We will not allow a return to the high inflation of the 1970s."

鮑威爾說：“我們必須堅持下去，直到工作完成。” “我們不會允許回到 20 世紀 70 年代的高通膨。”

The Fed's rate hike is expected to have far-reaching implications for the U.S. economy and financial markets. Higher interest rates will increase borrowing costs for businesses and consumers, potentially slowing investment and spending. The move could also strengthen the U.S. dollar against other currencies, making American exports more expensive and imports cheaper.

聯準會升息預計將對美國經濟和金融市場產生深遠影響。較高的利率將增加企業和消費者的借貸成本，可能會減緩投資和支出。此舉也可能導緻美元兌其他貨幣走強，使美國出口產品更昂貴，進口產品更便宜。

Analysts generally welcomed the Fed's decision but cautioned that the aggressive rate hikes could increase the risk of a recession. "The Fed is sending a clear signal that it is serious about fighting inflation," said Mark Zandi, chief economist at Moody's Analytics. "However, the path they are on could lead to a hard landing for the economy."

分析師普遍歡迎聯準會的決定，但警告稱，激進的升息可能會增加經濟衰退的風險。穆迪分析首席經濟學家馬克·贊迪表示：“美聯儲正在發出明確的信號，表明它正在認真應對通膨。” “然而，他們所走的道路可能會導致經濟硬著陸。”

The Fed's next meeting is scheduled for July 26-27, when it is widely expected to raise rates by another 50 or 75 basis points. Powell indicated that the central bank would continue to monitor economic data and adjust its monetary policy accordingly.

聯準會下次會議定於 7 月 26 日至 27 日舉行，市場普遍預計屆時將再加息 50 或 75 個基點。鮑威爾表示，央行將繼續監測經濟數據，並據此調整貨幣政策。

"We are committed to using our tools to bring inflation back down to our 2% goal and to achieve maximum employment," Powell said. "We will not hesitate to act further as needed."

鮑威爾表示：“我們致力於利用我們的工具將通膨率降至 2% 的目標，並實現就業最大化。” “我們將毫不猶豫地根據需要採取進一步行動。”