以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin引入了新的路线图，以提高汇总解决方案的安全性和最终性

该提案旨在解决与更广泛的以太坊生态系统中高可扩展性和用户信任有关的当前挑战。

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has proposed a new roadmap for improving the security and finality of Layer 2 (L2) rollup solutions. This proposal is set to address the pressing challenges of achieving both high scalability and user trust in the broader Ethereum ecosystem.

以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin提出了一个新的路线图，以改善第2层（L2）汇总解决方案的安全性和终结性。该建议旨在应对在更广泛的以太坊生态系统中达到高可扩展性和用户信任的紧迫挑战。

At the heart of the plan is the use of a novel “2-of-3 proof system.” This approach would see three distinct types of transaction validation mechanisms being employed simultaneously.

该计划的核心是使用新颖的“ 3中的2中”。这种方法将同时使用三种不同类型的交易验证机制。

These mechanisms would include zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs, standard optimistic proofs, and proofs generated within trusted execution environments (TEEs).

这些机制将包括零知识（ZK）证明，标准的乐观证明以及在受信任的执行环境（TEES）中生成的证明。

ZK proofs offer a cryptographic assurance of transaction validity without revealing the underlying data. In contrast, optimistic proofs begin by assuming the submitted L2 transactions are valid, with a challenge period allowing independent parties to intervene and dispute any fraudulent activity.

ZK证明提供了对交易有效性的加密保证，而没有揭示基础数据。相反，乐观的证据首先假设提交的L2交易是有效的，挑战期使独立各方可以干预和提出任何欺诈活动。

TEEs, on the other hand, would be deployed to execute code privately and safely, providing another avenue for transaction verification.

另一方面，TEE将被部署以私下，安全地执行代码，从而为交易验证提供了另一种途径。

Within this multi-proof system, L2 transactions would only achieve finality on Ethereum when at least two out of these three different proof mechanisms agree on the outcome. This design reduces reliance on any single proof system’s security assumptions, theoretically boosting the overall rollup security guarantees for users.

在这个多型系统的系统中，L2交易只有在这三种不同的证明机制中至少有两个对结果一致时，才能达到以太坊的最终性。这种设计减少了对任何单个证明系统的安全性假设的依赖，从理论上讲，它可以增强用户的整体汇总安全保证。

What Defines Buterin’s ‘Stage 2’ Rollups?

是什么定义了Buterin的“阶段2”汇总？

Buterin's roadmap criteria for advancing to Stage 2 rollups. The goal is to achieve nearly instant transaction confirmations, high finality, and strong failure resistance, even in semi-trusted environments.

Buterin的路线图标准，用于前进到第2阶段卷。目的是即使在半信任的环境中，即使在半信任的环境中，也可以实现几乎即时的交易确认，较高的最终确认和强大的抗衰竭性。

Per the proposal, Stage 2 rollups would still be subject to Ethereum's standard 30-day upgrade delay mechanism. This delay is crucial for maintaining network stability and security during major software transitions.

根据提案，第2阶段汇总仍将受到以太坊标准的30天升级机制的约束。此延迟对于在主要软件过渡期间保持网络稳定性和安全性至关重要。

Additionally, the plan addresses Ethereum's scaling challenges head-on, with upgrades like Pectra and Fusaka being lined up to increase data availability. This could enable rollups to handle up to 72 blobs for faster, cheaper transactions.

此外，该计划还针对以太坊的扩展挑战，并排队了Pectra和Fusaka等升级，以提高数据可用性。这可以使汇总能够处理多达72个斑点，从而更快，更便宜。

What Are the Broader Implications?

更广泛的含义是什么？

As Ethereum's L2 solutions mature, achieving faster finality and increased trust becomes paramount for scalability and user confidence.

随着以太坊的L2解决方案的成熟，实现更快的终结性和提高的信任成为可伸缩性和用户信心的最重要意义。

Buterin's proposed strategy would not only enhance security but also align with Ethereum's core principles of decentralization and trust minimization.

Buterin提出的战略不仅会增强安全性，而且还与以太坊的权力下放和信任最小化的核心原则保持一致。

Furthermore, Buterin is urging a shift from public goods funding to open-source funding within the crypto community. He notes that the term "public good" is often subjective and prone to social biases, with emphasis going to perception rather than actual impact.

此外，Buterin敦促从公共物品资金转变为加密社区内的开源资金。他指出，“公共利益”一词通常是主观的，并且容易出现社会偏见，重点是感知而不是实际的影响。

Buterin believes that by focusing on open-source funding, the emphasis shifts to transparency and supporting projects that deliver tangible benefits to the ecosystem. This aligns with his broader vision for cryptocurrency in fostering positive change beyond financial gains.

Buterin认为，通过专注于开源资金，重点转移到透明度并支持为生态系统带来切实收益的项目。这与他对加密货币的更广泛的愿景相吻合，以促进超出财务收益的积极变化。