以太坊倡导者安东尼·萨萨诺解释了为什么他认为比特币不如以太坊去中心化

著名以太坊倡导者和教育家 Anthony Sassano 于 2024 年 12 月 30 日分享了他的观点，解释了为什么他认为比特币去中心化程度较低

Prominent Ethereum advocate and educator Anthony Sassano shared his views on Dec. 30, 2024, regarding why he believes Bitcoin is less decentralized than Ethereum.

著名的以太坊倡导者和教育家 Anthony Sassano 于 2024 年 12 月 30 日分享了他的观点，解释了为什么他认为比特币不如以太坊去中心化。

In a post on social media platform X, Sassano detailed several points comparing the two blockchain networks. Sassano began by stating that Bitcoin’s reliance on Bitcoin Core — the dominant implementation of the protocol — reflects a lack of client diversity, making Bitcoin Core effectively the protocol’s specification. He compared this to Ethereum, which has over ten independent clients supported through funding by the Protocol Guild, a collective initiative for Ethereum’s Layer 1 research and development.

在社交媒体平台 X 上的一篇文章中，Sassano 详细介绍了比较两个区块链网络的几点。萨萨诺首先指出，比特币对比特币核心（该协议的主要实现）的依赖反映了客户端多样性的缺乏，这使得比特币核心实际上成为了协议的规范。他将此与以太坊进行了比较，以太坊拥有十多个独立客户，由协议协会（以太坊第一层研究和开发的集体倡议）的资助提供支持。

Highlighting centralization in Bitcoin mining, Sassano noted that two KYC-compliant mining pools in the U.S. dominate Bitcoin’s hash rate. He went on to say that Bitcoin’s proof-of-work mining mechanism inherently centralizes due to economies of scale, rendering at-home mining economically unviable. In contrast, he claimed that Ethereum’s proof-of-stake system avoids similar issues, lacking the same economies of scale. He also highlighted that Ethereum allows users to stake at home profitably, particularly through services like Rocket Pool and Obol Collective, which reduce the minimum staking requirement.

Sassano 强调了比特币挖矿的中心化，并指出美国的两个符合 KYC 标准的矿池主导着比特币的哈希率。他接着说，由于规模经济，比特币的工作量证明挖矿机制本质上是中心化的，这使得家庭挖矿在经济上不可行。相比之下，他声称以太坊的权益证明系统避免了类似的问题，缺乏同样的规模经济。他还强调，以太坊允许用户在家中进行质押获利，特别是通过 Rocket Pool 和 Obol Collective 等服务，这些服务降低了最低质押要求。

Discussing long-term security, Sassano expressed concerns about Bitcoin’s sustainability as mining rewards diminish over the next two to three halvings. He suggested that this could lead to further mining centralization and vulnerabilities, opening up potential attacks. He contrasted this with Ethereum’s “tail issuance,” designed to maintain a sustainable security budget. Ethereum also has mechanisms to generate more fee revenue and offset issuance through fee burning.

在讨论长期安全性时，萨萨诺对比特币的可持续性表示担忧，因为采矿奖励在未来两到三个减半期间会减少。他表示，这可能会导致挖矿进一步集中化和漏洞，从而引发潜在的攻击。他将此与以太坊的“尾部发行”进行了对比，旨在维持可持续的安全预算。以太坊还具有产生更多费用收入并通过费用燃烧抵消发行的机制。

Sassano claimed that Bitcoin’s core developer base is dwindling, with fewer than five active contributors, while Ethereum benefits from a larger pool of over 170 active core developers and researchers.

Sassano 声称，比特币的核心开发者基础正在萎缩，活跃贡献者不足 5 名，而以太坊受益于超过 170 名活跃核心开发者和研究人员的更大池子。

He also commented on the differing social dynamics of the two networks. Bitcoin’s community, he said, is unified under the “digital gold” narrative, which he argued limits diversity of thought. He believes that Ethereum’s social layer, which lacks a singular guiding narrative, allows for broader experimentation and innovation.

他还评论了两个网络不同的社会动态。他说，比特币社区在“数字黄金”叙事下是统一的，他认为这限制了思想的多样性。他认为，以太坊的社交层缺乏单一的指导性叙述，可以进行更广泛的实验和创新。

Sassano pointed to Ethereum’s response to the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) sanctions on Tornado Cash as a test of its decentralization. He noted Ethereum’s efforts to enhance censorship resistance through research into mechanisms like inclusion lists, also known as FOCIL. Bitcoin, he stated, has faced sanctions on a smaller scale, targeting specific addresses, and he described China’s mining ban as the closest comparable test of Bitcoin’s decentralization.

萨萨诺指出，以太坊对美国外国资产控制办公室（OFAC）对 Tornado Cash 制裁的回应是对其去中心化的考验。他指出以太坊通过研究包含列表（也称为 FOCIL）等机制来增强审查阻力。他表示，比特币面临着规模较小、针对特定地址的制裁，他将中国的采矿禁令描述为对比特币去中心化最接近的类似考验。

Sassano clarified that his analysis was not intended as criticism but as a candid comparison of the two blockchain networks based on his observations.

萨萨诺澄清说，他的分析并不是为了批评，而是根据他的观察对两个区块链网络进行坦诚的比较。