以太坊倡導者安東尼·薩薩諾解釋了為什麼他認為比特幣不如以太坊去中心化

著名以太坊倡導者和教育家 Anthony Sassano 於 2024 年 12 月 30 日分享了他的觀點，解釋了為什麼他認為比特幣去中心化程度較低

Prominent Ethereum advocate and educator Anthony Sassano shared his views on Dec. 30, 2024, regarding why he believes Bitcoin is less decentralized than Ethereum.

著名的以太坊倡導者和教育家 Anthony Sassano 於 2024 年 12 月 30 日分享了他的觀點，解釋了為什麼他認為比特幣不如以太坊去中心化。

In a post on social media platform X, Sassano detailed several points comparing the two blockchain networks. Sassano began by stating that Bitcoin’s reliance on Bitcoin Core — the dominant implementation of the protocol — reflects a lack of client diversity, making Bitcoin Core effectively the protocol’s specification. He compared this to Ethereum, which has over ten independent clients supported through funding by the Protocol Guild, a collective initiative for Ethereum’s Layer 1 research and development.

在社群媒體平台 X 上的一篇文章中，Sassano 詳細介紹了比較兩個區塊鏈網路的幾點。薩薩諾首先指出，比特幣對比特幣核心（協議的主要實現）的依賴反映了客戶端多樣性的缺乏，這使得比特幣核心實際上成為了協議的規範。他將此與以太坊進行了比較，以太坊擁有十多個獨立客戶，由協議協會（以太坊第一層研究和開發的集體倡議）的資助提供支持。

Highlighting centralization in Bitcoin mining, Sassano noted that two KYC-compliant mining pools in the U.S. dominate Bitcoin’s hash rate. He went on to say that Bitcoin’s proof-of-work mining mechanism inherently centralizes due to economies of scale, rendering at-home mining economically unviable. In contrast, he claimed that Ethereum’s proof-of-stake system avoids similar issues, lacking the same economies of scale. He also highlighted that Ethereum allows users to stake at home profitably, particularly through services like Rocket Pool and Obol Collective, which reduce the minimum staking requirement.

Sassano 強調了比特幣挖礦的中心化，並指出美國兩個符合 KYC 標準的礦池主導著比特幣的哈希率。他接著說，由於規模經濟，比特幣的工作量證明挖礦機製本質上是中心化的，這使得家庭挖礦在經濟上不可行。相較之下，他聲稱以太坊的權益證明系統避免了類似的問題，缺乏同樣的規模經濟。他也強調，以太坊允許用戶在家中進行質押獲利，特別是透過 Rocket Pool 和 Obol Collective 等服務，這些服務降低了最低質押要求。

Discussing long-term security, Sassano expressed concerns about Bitcoin’s sustainability as mining rewards diminish over the next two to three halvings. He suggested that this could lead to further mining centralization and vulnerabilities, opening up potential attacks. He contrasted this with Ethereum’s “tail issuance,” designed to maintain a sustainable security budget. Ethereum also has mechanisms to generate more fee revenue and offset issuance through fee burning.

在討論長期安全性時，薩薩諾對比特幣的可持續性表示擔憂，因為採礦獎勵在未來兩到三個減半期間會減少。他表示，這可能會導致挖礦進一步集中化和漏洞，引發潛在的攻擊。他將此與以太坊的「尾部發行」進行了對比，旨在維持可持續的安全預算。以太坊還具有產生更多費用收入並透過費用燃燒抵消發行的機制。

Sassano claimed that Bitcoin’s core developer base is dwindling, with fewer than five active contributors, while Ethereum benefits from a larger pool of over 170 active core developers and researchers.

Sassano 聲稱，比特幣的核心開發者基礎正在萎縮，活躍貢獻者不足 5 名，而以太坊受益於超過 170 名活躍核心開發者和研究人員的更大池子。

He also commented on the differing social dynamics of the two networks. Bitcoin’s community, he said, is unified under the “digital gold” narrative, which he argued limits diversity of thought. He believes that Ethereum’s social layer, which lacks a singular guiding narrative, allows for broader experimentation and innovation.

他也評論了兩個網路不同的社會動態。他說，比特幣社群在「數位黃金」敘事下是統一的，他認為這限制了思想的多樣性。他認為，以太坊的社交層缺乏單一的指導性敘述，可以進行更廣泛的實驗和創新。

Sassano pointed to Ethereum’s response to the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) sanctions on Tornado Cash as a test of its decentralization. He noted Ethereum’s efforts to enhance censorship resistance through research into mechanisms like inclusion lists, also known as FOCIL. Bitcoin, he stated, has faced sanctions on a smaller scale, targeting specific addresses, and he described China’s mining ban as the closest comparable test of Bitcoin’s decentralization.

薩薩諾指出，以太坊對美國外國資產控制辦公室（OFAC）對 Tornado Cash 制裁的回應是對其去中心化的考驗。他指出以太坊透過研究包含清單（也稱為 FOCIL）等機制來增強審查阻力。他表示，比特幣面臨著規模較小、針對特定地址的製裁，他將中國的採礦禁令描述為對比特幣去中心化最接近的類似考驗。

Sassano clarified that his analysis was not intended as criticism but as a candid comparison of the two blockchain networks based on his observations.

薩薩諾澄清說，他的分析並不是為了批評，而是根據他的觀察對兩個區塊鏈網路進行坦誠的比較。