急诊医生向家长发出圣诞节警告，称流行玩具可能致命

英国皇家急诊医学院 (RCEM) 对作为玩具销售的水珠发出了“安全警告”。

Parents are being warned about a popular Christmas gift that could be potentially fatal if swallowed by a child.

家长们被警告，一种流行的圣诞礼物如果被孩子吞下可能会致命。

The Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) has issued a "safety flash" over water beads, which are marketed as toys.

英国皇家急诊医学院 (RCEM) 对作为玩具销售的水珠发出了“安全警示”。

The beads, which can be used on their own, or put in stress balls, sensory toys or art kits, are also sold as home decor or vase fillers.

这些珠子可以单独使用，也可以放入压力球、感官玩具或艺术套件中，也可以作为家居装饰品或花瓶填充物出售。

They have been linked to child deaths overseas and to "serious harm" to children in the UK.

它们与海外儿童死亡以及英国儿童的“严重伤害”有关。

The beads start small - only a few millimetres wide - but can grow to 400 times their size in around 36 hours when exposed to liquid.

这些珠子一开始很小——只有几毫米宽——但当暴露在液体中时，可以在大约 36 小时内增长到其尺寸的 400 倍。

If swallowed when small, the beads, which are not visible on X-rays, can expand inside the body and cause bowel obstruction - requiring surgery to remove them.

如果在 X 射线上看不到的小珠子被吞下，它们会在体内膨胀并导致肠梗阻 - 需要手术将其取出。

The RCEM's safety alert has been issued not only so emergency doctors know what to look out for, but also as a warning to parents and carers of the dangers of these products.

RCEM 发布的安全警报不仅是为了让急诊医生知道要注意什么，也是为了警告父母和照顾者这些产品的危险。

With Christmas just a few days away, here are some other toys and gifts that are frequently warned about, and tips on checking a product's safety.

距离圣诞节只有几天了，以下是一些经常受到警告的其他玩具和礼物，以及检查产品安全性的提示。

'Super-strong' magnetic ballsThe RCEM has also issued warnings over "super-strong" magnets found in toys and fake piercings, warning that swallowing these items can cause intestinal injury within eight to 24 hours of ingestion.

“超强”磁球 RCEM 还对玩具和假穿孔中发现的“超强”磁铁发出警告，警告吞咽这些物品可能会在摄入后 8 至 24 小时内导致肠道损伤。

However, the symptoms may not manifest themselves until weeks later.

然而，症状可能要到几周后才会显现出来。

They can be in different parts of the intestine but come together, causing injury and even leading to perforation of the bowel, which requires urgent surgery.

它们可能位于肠道的不同部位，但却聚集在一起，造成损伤，甚至导致肠道穿孔，需要紧急手术。

In one such case, an 18-month-old child presented twice to A&E with vomiting and poor appetite, with doctors establishing they had swallowed 20 of the magnetic balls.

在一个这样的案例中，一名 18 个月大的孩子两次因呕吐和食欲不振而到急诊室就诊，医生证实他们吞下了 20 个磁球。

Parents are warned to look out for abdominal and respiratory issues and that the swallowing of these magnets should be treated as a "time critical emergency" which requires a surgical review.

警告家长要注意腹部和呼吸道问题，吞咽这些磁铁应被视为“时间紧迫的紧急情况”，需要进行手术检查。

In a warning shared on Instagram earlier this year, consumer champion Which? advises that if you think your child has swallowed one of these magnets, "do not make them sick" and "do not give them anything to eat or drink".

今年早些时候在 Instagram 上分享的一条警告中，消费者冠军 Which？建议如果您认为您的孩子吞下了其中一块磁铁，“不要让他们生病”并且“不要给他们任何东西吃或喝”。

They advise to take the child to A&E immediately and explain what's happened, and that doctors shouldn't perform an MRI, as the scanner can interact with the magnetic balls inside the body.

他们建议立即带孩子去急症室并解释发生了什么，并且医生不应该进行核磁共振检查，因为扫描仪可以与体内的磁球相互作用。

Button and coin cell batteriesButton and coin cell batteries - used increasingly in toys, novelty items, and gadgets - can lodge in the food pipe of young children causing serious harm or death due to a chemical reaction which erodes tissue.

纽扣和纽扣电池纽扣和纽扣电池越来越多地用于玩具、新奇物品和小玩意，它们可能会卡在幼儿的食管中，由于腐蚀组织的化学反应而造成严重伤害或死亡。

A Health Services Safety Investigations Body published a report in 2019 which details the death of a three-year-old girl who swallowed a coin battery without her parents knowing.

健康服务安全调查机构于 2019 年发布了一份报告，详细介绍了一名三岁女孩在父母不知情的情况下吞下纽扣电池而死亡的情况。

Meanwhile, a previous warning from the College highlights how children can come to severe harm after swallowing super-strong magnets.

与此同时，该学院之前发出的警告强调了儿童吞食超强磁铁后可能会受到严重伤害。

The RCEM says children under five are at highest risk of injury as a result of swallowed button and coin cell batteries, due to their tendency to put things in their mouths and their inability to articulate their actions.

RCEM 表示，五岁以下儿童因吞咽纽扣电池和纽扣电池而受伤的风险最高，因为他们倾向于将东西放入口中并且无法清晰地表达自己的行为。

It says children who have swallowed these items can present with persistent non-specific symptoms as well as respiratory symptoms, haematemesis (vomiting blood from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract) and haemoptysis (coughing blood from the respiratory tract).

报告称，吞咽这些物品的儿童可能会出现持续的非特异性症状以及呼吸道症状、吐血（从胃肠道吐血）和咯血（从呼吸道咳血）。

'Please think twice about the risks this Christmas', doctor pleasWarning of the dangers of water beads, magnetic balls and button and coin cell batteries, RCEM vice president Dr Salwa Malik said: "Any one of these three objects could be found under your tree or in a stocking this festive season.

RCEM 副总裁萨尔瓦·马利克 (Salwa Malik) 博士就水珠、磁球、纽扣和纽扣电池的危险发出警告：“这三种物体中的任何一种都可能在你的树下被发现。或者在这个节日里穿袜子。

"Hidden in gifts that are intended to bring joy to a child or vulnerable person, but which, if swallowed, could result in critical illness and the need for emergency medical treatment.

“隐藏在礼物中的目的是给儿童或弱势群体带来欢乐，但如果吞下，可能会导致危重疾病并需要紧急医疗。

"As an emergency medicine doctor, I have seen parents holding their child’s hand and watching over them while they lay on a bed in an Emergency Department, in need of urgent care because they have ingested one of these items.

“作为一名急诊科医生，我见过父母握着孩子的手，看着他们躺在急诊室的床上，因为他们吞下了其中一种物品，需要紧急护理。

"As a parent, I can imagine how utterly terrifying and a traumatic that would be to go through - for a mum, dad, grandma, grandpa, aunt, uncle, brother, sister and of course, the child themselves.

“作为一名家长，我可以想象，对于妈妈、爸爸、奶奶、爷爷、阿姨、叔叔、兄弟、姐妹，当然还有孩子自己来说，这将是多么可怕和痛苦的经历。

"Having seen the effects first hand, which can be devastating and detrimental, we are asking people to please think twice about the dangers these pose while selecting and gifting presents this season.

“在亲眼目睹了这些影响可能是毁灭性和有害的之后，我们要求人们在本季选择和赠送礼物时三思而后行。

"We are also raising awareness within emergency departments by circulating these safety flashes to ensure our colleagues in emergency departments are aware and informed about the dangers and equipped with the best clinical guidance to treat a child, or vulnerable person should they seek help after swallowing these objects."

“我们还通过传播这些安全警示来提高急诊科内部的认识，以确保急诊科的同事了解并了解危险，并配备最佳的临床指导来治疗儿童或弱势群体，如果他们在吞下这些后寻求帮助。对象。”

As well as the above three items, the Child Accident Prevention Trust (CAPT) also warns parents to be wary of toys with long cords that can strangle a child, and

除上述三项外，儿童意外预防信托基金（CAPT）还警告家长警惕可能勒死儿童的长绳玩具，以及