急診醫師向家長發出聖誕節警告，稱流行玩具可能致命

英國皇家急診醫學院 (RCEM) 對作為玩具銷售的水珠發出了「安全警告」。

Parents are being warned about a popular Christmas gift that could be potentially fatal if swallowed by a child.

家長被警告，一種流行的聖誕禮物如果被孩子吞下可能會致命。

The Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM) has issued a "safety flash" over water beads, which are marketed as toys.

英國皇家急診醫學院 (RCEM) 對作為玩具銷售的水珠發出了「安全警告」。

The beads, which can be used on their own, or put in stress balls, sensory toys or art kits, are also sold as home decor or vase fillers.

這些珠子可以單獨使用，也可以放入壓力球、感官玩具或藝術套件中，也可以作為家居裝飾或花瓶填充物出售。

They have been linked to child deaths overseas and to "serious harm" to children in the UK.

它們與海外兒童死亡以及英國兒童的「嚴重傷害」有關。

The beads start small - only a few millimetres wide - but can grow to 400 times their size in around 36 hours when exposed to liquid.

這些珠子一開始很小——只有幾毫米寬——但當暴露在液體中時，可以在大約 36 小時內增長到其尺寸的 400 倍。

If swallowed when small, the beads, which are not visible on X-rays, can expand inside the body and cause bowel obstruction - requiring surgery to remove them.

如果在 X 射線上看不到的小珠子被吞下，它們會在體內膨脹並導致腸梗阻 - 需要手術將其取出。

The RCEM's safety alert has been issued not only so emergency doctors know what to look out for, but also as a warning to parents and carers of the dangers of these products.

RCEM 發布的安全警報不僅是為了讓急診醫師知道要注意什麼，也是為了警告父母和照顧者這些產品的危險。

With Christmas just a few days away, here are some other toys and gifts that are frequently warned about, and tips on checking a product's safety.

距離聖誕節只有幾天了，以下是一些經常受到警告的其他玩具和禮物，以及檢查產品安全性的提示。

'Super-strong' magnetic ballsThe RCEM has also issued warnings over "super-strong" magnets found in toys and fake piercings, warning that swallowing these items can cause intestinal injury within eight to 24 hours of ingestion.

「超強」磁球 RCEM 也對玩具和假穿孔中發現的「超強」磁鐵發出警告，警告吞嚥這些物品可能會在攝入後 8 至 24 小時內導致腸道損傷。

However, the symptoms may not manifest themselves until weeks later.

然而，症狀可能要到幾週後才會顯現出來。

They can be in different parts of the intestine but come together, causing injury and even leading to perforation of the bowel, which requires urgent surgery.

它們可能位於腸道的不同部位，但卻聚集在一起，造成損傷，甚至導致腸道穿孔，需要緊急手術。

In one such case, an 18-month-old child presented twice to A&E with vomiting and poor appetite, with doctors establishing they had swallowed 20 of the magnetic balls.

在一個這樣的案例中，一名 18 個月大的孩子兩次因嘔吐和食慾不振而到急診室就診，醫生證實他們吞下了 20 個磁球。

Parents are warned to look out for abdominal and respiratory issues and that the swallowing of these magnets should be treated as a "time critical emergency" which requires a surgical review.

警告家長要注意腹部和呼吸道問題，吞嚥這些磁鐵應被視為“時間緊迫的緊急情況”，需要進行手術檢查。

In a warning shared on Instagram earlier this year, consumer champion Which? advises that if you think your child has swallowed one of these magnets, "do not make them sick" and "do not give them anything to eat or drink".

今年早些時候在 Instagram 上分享的一條警告中，消費者冠軍 Which？建議如果您認為您的孩子吞下了其中一塊磁鐵，“不要讓他們生病”並且“不要給他們任何東西吃或喝”。

They advise to take the child to A&E immediately and explain what's happened, and that doctors shouldn't perform an MRI, as the scanner can interact with the magnetic balls inside the body.

他們建議立即帶孩子去急診室並解釋發生了什麼，醫生不應該進行核磁共振檢查，因為掃描儀可以與體內的磁球相互作用。

Button and coin cell batteriesButton and coin cell batteries - used increasingly in toys, novelty items, and gadgets - can lodge in the food pipe of young children causing serious harm or death due to a chemical reaction which erodes tissue.

紐扣和紐扣電池紐扣和紐扣電池越來越多地用於玩具、新奇物品和小玩意，它們可能會卡在幼兒的食道中，由於腐蝕組織的化學反應而造成嚴重傷害或死亡。

A Health Services Safety Investigations Body published a report in 2019 which details the death of a three-year-old girl who swallowed a coin battery without her parents knowing.

健康服務安全調查機構於 2019 年發布了一份報告，詳細介紹了一名三歲女孩在父母不知情的情況下吞下紐扣電池而死亡的情況。

Meanwhile, a previous warning from the College highlights how children can come to severe harm after swallowing super-strong magnets.

同時，該學院先前發出的警告強調了兒童在吞食超強磁鐵後可能會受到嚴重傷害。

The RCEM says children under five are at highest risk of injury as a result of swallowed button and coin cell batteries, due to their tendency to put things in their mouths and their inability to articulate their actions.

RCEM 表示，五歲以下兒童因吞嚥紐扣電池和紐扣電池而受傷的風險最高，因為他們傾向於將東西放入口中並且無法清晰地表達自己的行為。

It says children who have swallowed these items can present with persistent non-specific symptoms as well as respiratory symptoms, haematemesis (vomiting blood from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract) and haemoptysis (coughing blood from the respiratory tract).

報告稱，吞嚥這些物品的兒童可能會出現持續的非特異性症狀以及呼吸道症狀、吐血（從胃腸道吐血）和咯血（從呼吸道咳血）。

'Please think twice about the risks this Christmas', doctor pleasWarning of the dangers of water beads, magnetic balls and button and coin cell batteries, RCEM vice president Dr Salwa Malik said: "Any one of these three objects could be found under your tree or in a stocking this festive season.

RCEM 副總裁 Salwa Malik 博士就水珠、磁球、紐扣和紐扣電池的危險發出警告：「這三種物體中的任何一種都可能在你的樹下被發現。或在這個節日穿襪子。

"Hidden in gifts that are intended to bring joy to a child or vulnerable person, but which, if swallowed, could result in critical illness and the need for emergency medical treatment.

「隱藏在禮物中的目的是給兒童或弱勢群體帶來歡樂，但如果吞下，可能會導致危重疾病並需要緊急醫療。

"As an emergency medicine doctor, I have seen parents holding their child’s hand and watching over them while they lay on a bed in an Emergency Department, in need of urgent care because they have ingested one of these items.

「作為一名急診科醫生，我見過父母握著孩子的手，看著他們躺在急診室的床上，因為他們吞下了其中一種物品，需要緊急護理。

"As a parent, I can imagine how utterly terrifying and a traumatic that would be to go through - for a mum, dad, grandma, grandpa, aunt, uncle, brother, sister and of course, the child themselves.

「身為家長，我可以想像，對於媽媽、爸爸、奶奶、爺爺、阿姨、叔叔、兄弟、姊妹，當然還有孩子自己來說，這將是多麼可怕和痛苦的經歷。

"Having seen the effects first hand, which can be devastating and detrimental, we are asking people to please think twice about the dangers these pose while selecting and gifting presents this season.

「在親眼目睹了這些影響可能是毀滅性和有害的之後，我們要求人們在本季選擇和贈送禮物時三思而後行。

"We are also raising awareness within emergency departments by circulating these safety flashes to ensure our colleagues in emergency departments are aware and informed about the dangers and equipped with the best clinical guidance to treat a child, or vulnerable person should they seek help after swallowing these objects."

「我們也透過傳播這些安全警示來提高急診科內部的認識，以確保急診科的同事了解並了解危險，並配備最佳的臨床指導來治療兒童或弱勢群體，如果他們在吞下這些後尋求幫助。

As well as the above three items, the Child Accident Prevention Trust (CAPT) also warns parents to be wary of toys with long cords that can strangle a child, and

除上述三項外，兒童意外預防信託基金（CAPT）也警告家長警惕可能勒死兒童的長繩玩具，以及