El Salvador Abandons比特币作为法定招标，成为第一个这样做的国家

埃尔·萨尔瓦多（El Salvador）在2021年9月成为世界上第一个采用比特币作为法定招标的国家创造了历史。但是，仅仅两年多后，它已成为第一个放弃这一点的国家。

El Salvador has become the first country in the world to drop Bitcoin as legal tender, just over two years after making history by adopting the cryptocurrency.

萨尔瓦多（El Salvador）已成为世界上第一个将比特币作为法定货币招标的国家，在通过采用加密货币的历史后两年多。

The Salvadoran Parliament, which is dominated by the ruling party, recently passed a low-key reform to the Bitcoin Law, removing its status as an official currency and leaving its use up to the discretion of individuals.

由执政党主导的萨尔瓦多议会最近对比特币法进行了低调的改革，删除了其作为官方货币的地位，并将其用光置于个人的酌处权。

This move comes after persistent pressure from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), which made “mitigating the risks of Bitcoin” a key condition for approving a much-needed $1.4 billion loan for President Nayib Bukele’s administration.

此举是在国际货币基金组织（IMF）持续压力的情况下，这使“减轻比特币的风险”成为批准尼布·布克利总统政府急需的14亿美元贷款的关键条件。

Bitcoin’s adoption as a legal tender was met with significant resistance from the Salvadoran population. Surveys at the time indicated a 71% rejection rate among citizens, many of whom were skeptical about the cryptocurrency’s volatility and practical use in daily transactions.

比特币作为法定招标的采用受到了萨尔瓦多人口的重大抵抗。当时的调查表明，公民的拒绝率为71％，其中许多人对加密货币在日常交易中的波动和实际使用持怀疑态度。

Despite the public opposition, the government pushed forward with its ambitious plan, investing over $200 million in infrastructure to facilitate Bitcoin transactions. This included the development of a digital wallet, known as Chivo Wallet, and installing ATMs across the country to support Bitcoin transactions.

尽管公众反对，政府仍推动了其雄心勃勃的计划，投资了超过2亿美元的基础设施来促进比特币交易。这包括开发一个数字钱包，即Chivo Wallet，以及在全国范围内安装ATM以支持比特币交易。

In an attempt to provide some insight into its Bitcoin holdings, the Salvadoran government launched a website called Bitcoin Office. However, the website contains minimal details. According to the site, as of this week, the government holds a reserve of 6,049.18 bitcoins, equivalent to approximately $637.3 million.

为了提供对其比特币持有量的见解，萨尔瓦多政府启动了一个名为Bitcoin Office的网站。但是，该网站包含最少的详细信息。根据该网站的数据，截至本周，政府的储备为6,049.18比特币，相当于约6.373亿美元。

Crucially, the site does not disclose whether the government has sold any bitcoins, how profits (if any) have been utilized, or who is responsible for managing the cryptocurrency assets. This lack of transparency has raised concerns among critics, who argue that the government’s Bitcoin policy has lacked accountability from the outset.

至关重要的是，该网站没有透露政府是否已出售任何比特币，如何利用利润（如果有）或负责管理加密货币资产的人。这种缺乏透明度引起了批评家的关注，他们认为政府的比特币政策从一开始就缺乏问责制。

El Salvador’s reversal on Bitcoin comes in the wake of its agreement with the IMF for a $1.4 billion loan in December 2023. The IMF had long expressed concerns about El Salvador’s embrace of Bitcoin, citing potential risks to financial stability and economic sustainability.

埃尔·萨尔瓦多（El Salvador）在比特币上的逆转是在与国际货币基金组织（IMF）达成协议之后，在2023年12月以14亿美元的贷款达成协议。长期以来，国际货币基金组织（IMF）对埃尔·萨尔瓦多（El Salvador）对比特币的拥护表示担忧，理由是对金融稳定和经济可持续性的潜在风险。

One of the lender’s key conditions was limiting the government’s exposure to Bitcoin and ensuring that its use in the private sector remained voluntary. These stipulations were incorporated into the recently approved reform, effectively scaling back the government’s Bitcoin ambitions.

贷方的关键条件之一是限制政府对比特币的接触，并确保其在私营部门的使用仍然是自愿的。这些规定被纳入了最近批准的改革中，有效地扩大了政府的比特币野心。

The reform to the Bitcoin Law was passed swiftly, with 55 lawmakers voting in favor and only two opposing. Elisa Rosales, a lawmaker from the ruling party, framed the amendment as a necessary measure to ensure Bitcoin’s “permanence as legal tender” while also facilitating its “practical implementation.” However, the reform’s implications suggest that Bitcoin’s role in the Salvadoran economy will be significantly diminished moving forward.

比特币法的改革迅速通过，有55名议员投票支持，只有两名反对。执政党的议员Elisa Rosales将修正案构成了确保比特币“永久性作为法定货币”的必要措施，同时还促进了其“实际实施”。但是，改革的含义表明，比特币在萨尔瓦多经济中的作用将大大减少。

With Bitcoin no longer a mandatory legal tender, El Salvador’s cryptocurrency experiment is at a crossroads. While the government continues to hold a substantial Bitcoin reserve, its long-term plans remain uncertain.

由于比特币不再是强制性的法定招标，萨尔瓦多的加密货币实验处于十字路口。尽管政府继续持有大量的比特币储备，但其长期计划仍然不确定。

Whether El Salvador will maintain its crypto-friendly policies or further distance itself from Bitcoin remains to be seen. For now, the country’s financial stability appears to be taking precedence over its initial vision of a Bitcoin-powered economy.

El Salvador是否将维持其对加密货币友好的政策，或与比特币的更远的距离，还有待观察。就目前而言，该国的财务稳定似乎比其对比特币驱动经济的最初愿景优先。

El Salvador’s bold foray into Bitcoin was a landmark event in global finance, but its retreat serves as a cautionary tale. While digital currencies continue to evolve, the country’s experience highlights the challenges of integrating volatile assets into a national economy. As other nations observe El Salvador’s journey, the lessons learned here may shape the future of cryptocurrency adoption worldwide.

埃尔·萨尔瓦多（El Salvador）对比特币的大胆企业是全球金融中的一个具有里程碑意义的事件，但其撤退是一个警示性的故事。尽管数字货币继续发展，但该国的经验突出了将波动资产融入国民经济的挑战。正如其他国家观察到萨尔瓦多的旅程一样，这里学到的经验教训可能会影响全球加密货币采用的未来。