El Salvador Abandons比特幣作為法定招標，成為第一個這樣做的國家

埃爾·薩爾瓦多（El Salvador）在2021年9月成為世界上第一個採用比特幣作為法定招標的國家創造了歷史。但是，僅僅兩年多後，它已成為第一個放棄這一點的國家。

El Salvador has become the first country in the world to drop Bitcoin as legal tender, just over two years after making history by adopting the cryptocurrency.

薩爾瓦多（El Salvador）已成為世界上第一個將比特幣作為法定貨幣招標的國家，在通過採用加密貨幣的歷史後兩年多。

The Salvadoran Parliament, which is dominated by the ruling party, recently passed a low-key reform to the Bitcoin Law, removing its status as an official currency and leaving its use up to the discretion of individuals.

由執政黨主導的薩爾瓦多議會最近對比特幣法進行了低調的改革，刪除了其作為官方貨幣的地位，並將其用光置於個人的酌處權。

This move comes after persistent pressure from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), which made “mitigating the risks of Bitcoin” a key condition for approving a much-needed $1.4 billion loan for President Nayib Bukele’s administration.

此舉是在國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）持續壓力的情況下，這使“減輕比特幣的風險”成為批准尼布·布克利總統政府急需的14億美元貸款的關鍵條件。

Bitcoin’s adoption as a legal tender was met with significant resistance from the Salvadoran population. Surveys at the time indicated a 71% rejection rate among citizens, many of whom were skeptical about the cryptocurrency’s volatility and practical use in daily transactions.

比特幣作為法定招標的採用受到了薩爾瓦多人口的重大抵抗。當時的調查表明，公民的拒絕率為71％，其中許多人對加密貨幣在日常交易中的波動和實際使用持懷疑態度。

Despite the public opposition, the government pushed forward with its ambitious plan, investing over $200 million in infrastructure to facilitate Bitcoin transactions. This included the development of a digital wallet, known as Chivo Wallet, and installing ATMs across the country to support Bitcoin transactions.

儘管公眾反對，政府仍推動了其雄心勃勃的計劃，投資了超過2億美元的基礎設施來促進比特幣交易。這包括開發一個數字錢包，即Chivo Wallet，以及在全國范圍內安裝ATM以支持比特幣交易。

In an attempt to provide some insight into its Bitcoin holdings, the Salvadoran government launched a website called Bitcoin Office. However, the website contains minimal details. According to the site, as of this week, the government holds a reserve of 6,049.18 bitcoins, equivalent to approximately $637.3 million.

為了提供對其比特幣持有量的見解，薩爾瓦多政府啟動了一個名為Bitcoin Office的網站。但是，該網站包含最少的詳細信息。根據該網站的數據，截至本週，政府的儲備為6,049.18比特幣，相當於約6.373億美元。

Crucially, the site does not disclose whether the government has sold any bitcoins, how profits (if any) have been utilized, or who is responsible for managing the cryptocurrency assets. This lack of transparency has raised concerns among critics, who argue that the government’s Bitcoin policy has lacked accountability from the outset.

至關重要的是，該網站沒有透露政府是否已出售任何比特幣，如何利用利潤（如果有）或負責管理加密貨幣資產的人。這種缺乏透明度引起了批評家的關注，他們認為政府的比特幣政策從一開始就缺乏問責制。

El Salvador’s reversal on Bitcoin comes in the wake of its agreement with the IMF for a $1.4 billion loan in December 2023. The IMF had long expressed concerns about El Salvador’s embrace of Bitcoin, citing potential risks to financial stability and economic sustainability.

埃爾·薩爾瓦多（El Salvador）在比特幣上的逆轉是在與國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）達成協議之後，在2023年12月以14億美元的貸款達成協議。長期以來，國際貨幣基金組織（ IMF）對埃爾·薩爾瓦多（El Salvador）對比特幣的擁護表示擔憂，理由是對金融穩定和經濟可持續性的潛在風險。

One of the lender’s key conditions was limiting the government’s exposure to Bitcoin and ensuring that its use in the private sector remained voluntary. These stipulations were incorporated into the recently approved reform, effectively scaling back the government’s Bitcoin ambitions.

貸方的關鍵條件之一是限制政府對比特幣的接觸，並確保其在私營部門的使用仍然是自願的。這些規定被納入了最近批准的改革中，有效地擴大了政府的比特幣野心。

The reform to the Bitcoin Law was passed swiftly, with 55 lawmakers voting in favor and only two opposing. Elisa Rosales, a lawmaker from the ruling party, framed the amendment as a necessary measure to ensure Bitcoin’s “permanence as legal tender” while also facilitating its “practical implementation.” However, the reform’s implications suggest that Bitcoin’s role in the Salvadoran economy will be significantly diminished moving forward.

比特幣法的改革迅速通過，有55名議員投票支持，只有兩名反對。執政黨的議員Elisa Rosales將修正案構成了確保比特幣“永久性作為法定貨幣”的必要措施，同時還促進了其“實際實施”。但是，改革的含義表明，比特幣在薩爾瓦多經濟中的作用將大大減少。

With Bitcoin no longer a mandatory legal tender, El Salvador’s cryptocurrency experiment is at a crossroads. While the government continues to hold a substantial Bitcoin reserve, its long-term plans remain uncertain.

由於比特幣不再是強制性的法定招標，薩爾瓦多的加密貨幣實驗處於十字路口。儘管政府繼續持有大量的比特幣儲備，但其長期計劃仍然不確定。

Whether El Salvador will maintain its crypto-friendly policies or further distance itself from Bitcoin remains to be seen. For now, the country’s financial stability appears to be taking precedence over its initial vision of a Bitcoin-powered economy.

El Salvador是否將維持其對加密貨幣友好的政策，或與比特幣的更遠的距離，還有待觀察。就目前而言，該國的財務穩定似乎比其對比特幣驅動經濟的最初願景優先。

El Salvador’s bold foray into Bitcoin was a landmark event in global finance, but its retreat serves as a cautionary tale. While digital currencies continue to evolve, the country’s experience highlights the challenges of integrating volatile assets into a national economy. As other nations observe El Salvador’s journey, the lessons learned here may shape the future of cryptocurrency adoption worldwide.

埃爾·薩爾瓦多（El Salvador）對比特幣的大膽企業是全球金融中的一個具有里程碑意義的事件，但其撤退是一個警示性的故事。儘管數字貨幣繼續發展，但該國的經驗突出了將波動資產融入國民經濟的挑戰。正如其他國家觀察到薩爾瓦多的旅程一樣，這裡學到的經驗教訓可能會影響全球加密貨幣採用的未來。