加密货币混合器之战愈演愈烈：Coinbase 的 Grewal 在龙卷风现金制裁中捍卫隐私

在关于加密货币混合器的争议中，Coinbase 的法律主管 Paul Grewal 成为了 Tornado Cash（一种注重隐私的混合器）的倡导者。 Grewal 对美国财政部对 Tornado Cash 的制裁提出质疑，理由是担心财政部索赔的合法性以及可能侵犯美国人的隐私权。

Legal Battle Erupts over Crypto Mixer Tornado Cash, Coinbase Legal Head Defends Privacy Rights

加密货币混合器 Tornado Cash 爆发法律战，Coinbase 法律负责人捍卫隐私权

In a contentious legal battle that has ignited debate over privacy and regulatory authority, cryptocurrency mixer Tornado Cash has found an unexpected ally in Paul Grewal, the chief legal officer of prominent cryptocurrency exchange Coinbase. Tornado Cash, accused of facilitating money laundering and other illicit activities, faces sanctions imposed by the United States Treasury Department, but Grewal has taken a firm stance against the government's actions.

在一场引发有关隐私和监管机构争论的法律纠纷中，加密货币混合商 Tornado Cash 意外地找到了盟友：著名加密货币交易所 Coinbase 的首席法务官 Paul Grewal。 Tornado Cash 被指控为洗钱和其他非法活动提供便利，面临美国财政部的制裁，但 Grewal 对政府的行为采取了坚定的立场。

Controversy Surrounding Cryptocurrency Mixers

围绕加密货币混合器的争议

Cryptocurrency mixers, like Tornado Cash, operate by obfuscating the trail of transactions on decentralized blockchain networks. While this anonymity enhances privacy, it also raises concerns among regulators who view these services as potential conduits for financial crimes.

Tornado Cash 等加密货币混合器通过混淆去中心化区块链网络上的交易轨迹来运行。虽然这种匿名性增强了隐私，但也引起了监管机构的担忧，他们认为这些服务是金融犯罪的潜在渠道。

Treasury Department Sanctions Tornado Cash

财政部制裁龙卷风现金

In August 2022, the Treasury Department's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) designated Tornado Cash as a "Specially Designated National and Blocked Person," prohibiting U.S. citizens and entities from engaging in transactions with the platform. The Treasury alleged that Tornado Cash had been used to launder over $7 billion worth of cryptocurrency, including funds stolen from cryptocurrency exchanges and ransomware attacks.

2022 年 8 月，美国财政部外国资产控制办公室 (OFAC) 将 Tornado Cash 指定为“特别指定国民和封锁人员”，禁止美国公民和实体与该平台进行交易。美国财政部声称，Tornado Cash 已被用来清洗价值超过 70 亿美元的加密货币，其中包括从加密货币交易所窃取的资金和勒索软件攻击。

Tornado Cash Fights Back

龙卷风现金反击

Tornado Cash immediately filed a lawsuit challenging the Treasury's sanctions, arguing that the government had overstepped its authority and violated the privacy rights of its users. The plaintiffs, represented by the Coin Center legal advocacy group, maintained that Tornado Cash's code was open-source and accessible to all, making it impossible to prove that all users intended to engage in illegal activities.

Tornado Cash立即提起诉讼，质疑财政部的制裁，认为政府越权并侵犯了用户的隐私权。以 Coin Center 法律倡导团体为代表的原告坚称，Tornado Cash 的代码是开源的，所有人都可以访问，因此无法证明所有用户都意图从事非法活动。

Coinbase Legal Head Paul Grewal Voices Support

Coinbase 法律负责人 Paul Grewal 表示支持

Coinbase's legal chief, Paul Grewal, has emerged as a vocal supporter of Tornado Cash's legal battle. Grewal, a former federal prosecutor, has expressed concerns about the Treasury's approach and the potential implications for the privacy of Americans using open-source software.

Coinbase 的法律负责人 Paul Grewal 已成为 Tornado Cash 法律斗争的直言不讳的支持者。前联邦检察官格雷沃尔对财政部的做法以及对使用开源软件的美国人隐私的潜在影响表示担忧。

Grewal's Arguments

格雷瓦尔的论点

In a series of tweets and public statements, Grewal outlined his objections to the Treasury's sanctions. First, he questioned the government's assertion that all Tornado Cash users shared a common purpose of facilitating illicit activities. Second, he argued that the Treasury's authority to regulate open-source software like Tornado Cash's code was limited under current law.

在一系列推文和公开声明中，格雷沃尔概述了他对财政部制裁的反对意见。首先，他质疑政府关于所有龙卷风现金用户都有促进非法活动的共同目的的说法。其次，他认为，根据现行法律，财政部监管 Tornado Cash 代码等开源软件的权力是有限的。

Open-Source Concerns

开源问题

Grewal emphasized that open-source code, which is freely available and modifiable, does not constitute "property" under the law. Therefore, he argued, the Treasury lacked the legal authority to control citizens' use of such software without congressional action.

Grewal 强调，可免费获取和修改的开源代码并不构成法律规定的“财产”。因此，他认为，在没有国会采取行动的情况下，财政部缺乏控制公民使用此类软件的法律权力。

Treasury's Lobbying Efforts

财政部的游说努力

Grewal pointed to the Treasury's recent lobbying efforts to address the "regulatory gap" surrounding open-source software as evidence that the government recognized its own limitations. He argued that the Treasury should pursue legislative solutions rather than overstepping its authority.

格雷瓦尔指出，财政部最近为解决围绕开源软件的“监管差距”而进行的游说努力，证明政府认识到自己的局限性。他认为财政部应该寻求立法解决方案，而不是越权。

Ongoing Legal Battle

持续的法律斗争

The legal battle between Tornado Cash and the Treasury Department is ongoing. The plaintiffs have filed a strong response to the Treasury's arguments in the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals, and the outcome of the case is expected to have significant implications for the regulation of cryptocurrency and the privacy of blockchain users.

龙卷风现金和财政部之间的法律斗争正在进行中。原告已在第五巡回上诉法院对财政部的论点提出强烈回应，预计该案的结果将对加密货币的监管和区块链用户的隐私产生重大影响。

Co-Founder Denies Charges

联合创始人否认指控

Meanwhile, Tornado Cash co-founder Roman Storm continues to deny all charges. Released on bail last year, he maintains his innocence against allegations of laundering more than $1 billion and violating sanctions.

与此同时，Tornado Cash 联合创始人 Roman Storm 继续否认所有指控。去年获得保释后，他对洗钱超过 10 亿美元和违反制裁的指控坚称自己无罪。

Conclusion

结论

The legal battle over Tornado Cash has ignited a broader debate about the balance between privacy and regulation in the cryptocurrency space. The outcome of the case will shape the future of cryptocurrency mixers and set precedents for the extent of government authority over open-source software. The involvement of Coinbase and its legal head, Paul Grewal, adds weight to the legal challenges facing the Treasury Department and highlights the growing concerns within the cryptocurrency industry over government overreach.

关于 Tornado Cash 的法律纠纷引发了关于加密货币领域隐私与监管之间平衡的更广泛辩论。该案的结果将塑造加密货币混合器的未来，并为政府对开源软件的权威程度树立先例。 Coinbase 及其法律负责人 Paul Grewal 的参与加剧了财政部面临的法律挑战，并凸显了加密货币行业内对政府越权行为日益增长的担忧。