中国宣布史无前例的370亿欧元投资，加速半导体领域的技术自主化

半导体已成为全球经济和技术安全的重要支柱。在此背景下，中国宣布史无前例地投资370亿欧元，以加速其技术自主化，而这一技术自主化迄今为止一直受到欧美主导地位的阻碍。

China has announced a massive investment of 37 billion euros to accelerate its technological autonomy, which has so far been hindered by the dominance of Europe and the United States. This strategic sector, embodied by players like ASML, the world leader in photolithography equipment, is now at the heart of fierce competition. Beijing is not only looking to catch up but also to redefine the balance of power with a view to achieving complete independence. This initiative could reshape the contours of global innovation and intensify tensions in an already high-pressure market.

中国已宣布巨额投资370亿欧元，以加速其技术自主化，但迄今为止，该技术自主化一直受到欧洲和美国主导地位的阻碍。这一战略领域，以光刻设备领域的全球领导者阿斯麦尔（ASML）等企业为代表，目前正处于激烈竞争的核心。北京不仅要迎头赶上，还要重新定义力量平衡，以实现完全独立。这一举措可能会重塑全球创新的轮廓，并加剧本已高压的市场的紧张局势。

An analysis by Baptiste Liger for Cointribune.

Baptiste Liger 对 Cointribune 的分析。

China has unveiled an ambitious plan to counter growing technological and economic pressures exerted by the United States and Europe. This project is based on a colossal investment of 37 billion euros, aimed at developing domestic lithography machines, a technology essential for advanced semiconductor production. Today, this field remains largely dominated by ASML, a Dutch equipment manufacturer that holds almost a monopoly on cutting-edge photolithography. Furthermore, with this program, Beijing aims to reduce its dependence on foreign suppliers in order to bypass restrictions imposed by Washington.

中国公布了一项雄心勃勃的计划，以应对美国和欧洲施加的日益增长的技术和经济压力。该项目耗资370亿欧元，旨在开发国产光刻机，这是先进半导体生产必不可少的技术。如今，这一领域仍然主要由荷兰设备制造商 ASML 主导，该公司几乎垄断了尖端光刻技术。此外，通过该计划，北京旨在减少对外国供应商的依赖，以绕过华盛顿施加的限制。

This strategic movement fits into a broader industrial vision, accelerated by achievements such as the launch of the Huawei Mate 60 Pro. Indeed, this smartphone, equipped with locally made chips, illustrates China’s ability to overcome technological barriers despite strict international sanctions. This example has strengthened the idea that Beijing can withstand external pressure but also innovate under unfavorable conditions. For many experts, this initiative marks a decisive turning point. It reflects China’s firm will to achieve technological self-sufficiency in sectors deemed vital for its economic and strategic development.

这一战略举措符合更广泛的行业愿景，并因华为 Mate 60 Pro 的推出等成就而加速。事实上，这款配备国产芯片的智能手机表明，尽管受到严格的国际制裁，中国仍有能力克服技术壁垒。这个例子强化了北京能够承受外部压力但在不利条件下也能创新的理念。对于许多专家来说，这一举措标志着一个决定性的转折点。它反映了中国在对其经济和战略发展至关重要的领域实现技术自给自足的坚定意愿。

China's technological ambitions are part of a dynamic that goes beyond the simple industrial challenge. This growing rivalry between Beijing and Western powers over semiconductors reflects major geopolitical stakes. Thus, controlling this key technology, essential for both civilian and military domains, amounts to ensuring decisive influence over global innovation and strategic supply chains. This quest for mastery of semiconductors has become a central pillar of national security policies worldwide.

中国的技术雄心是超越简单工业挑战的动力的一部分。北京与西方大国在半导体领域日益激烈的竞争反映了重大的地缘政治利益。因此，控制这一对民用和军事领域都至关重要的关键技术，就相当于确保对全球创新和战略供应链产生决定性影响。对半导体的掌控已成为全球国家安全政策的核心支柱。

For their part, European leaders like ASML continue to play a dominant role. The Dutch company constantly innovates, through the development of next-generation EUV machines capable of producing chips smaller than 2 nanometers. These technological advances reinforce Europe’s position as an industry leader, but they also heighten the challenges that China must face to catch up on this technological gap. However, Beijing is not content with merely closing the gaps. With massive funding, it seeks to transform these challenges into a springboard to enhance its autonomy and redefine the power balances in this strategic industry.

就 ASML 等欧洲领导者而言，他们继续发挥主导作用。这家荷兰公司不断创新，开发了能够生产小于 2 纳米芯片的下一代 EUV 机器。这些技术进步巩固了欧洲作为行业领导者的地位，但也加剧了中国追赶这一技术差距所必须面临的挑战。然而，北京并不满足于仅仅缩小差距。凭借大量资金，它试图将这些挑战转化为增强自主权并重新定义这一战略行业权力平衡的跳板。

This evolution raises critical questions for the future of the semiconductor industry. Will China succeed in questioning the technological dominance of Western powers? Or will this new momentum amplify the fragmentation of global supply chains, already under pressure from growing geopolitical tensions? What is clear is that this massive investment heralds an era of intense rivalries where innovation becomes both a strategic and economic tool. In this race, the outcome could reshape the contours of the global economy and redefine geopolitical balances in the long term.

这种演变对半导体行业的未来提出了关键问题。中国能否成功挑战西方列强的技术主导地位？或者，这种新的势头是否会加剧已经受到地缘政治紧张局势加剧压力的全球供应链的碎片化？显而易见的是，这种大规模投资预示着一个竞争激烈的时代，创新将成为一种战略和经济工具。在这场竞赛中，结果可能会重塑全球经济的轮廓，并重新定义长期的地缘政治平衡。