CBDC 即将到来：公共区块链可以削弱锋芒

正如这项德国调查和无数其他调查所显示的那样，隐私是对 CBDC 持谨慎态度的公民最关心的问题之一。随之而来的是对政府控制的恐惧

Most Germans have never heard of the digital euro, and of those who have, many think it will replace cash.

大多数德国人从未听说过数字欧元，而对于听说过的人来说，许多人认为它将取代现金。

A recent survey of 2,012 people conducted by the Deutsche Bundesbank showed that three in five had never heard, read, or seen anything about the digital euro. Only 17% were able to correctly identify that it was a Eurosystem digital currency that would be available alongside other forms of money.

德意志联邦银行最近对 2,012 人进行的一项调查显示，五分之三的人从未听说过、读过或见过有关数字欧元的任何内容。只有 17% 的人能够正确识别出它是一种欧元体系数字货币，可以与其他形式的货币一起使用。

Of those who had heard of it, roughly 30% mistakenly believed it was meant to replace cash or that cash would be abolished if it was introduced.

在听说过它的人中，大约 30% 的人错误地认为它是为了取代现金，或者如果引入现金就会被废除。

Roughly half of respondents said they would “definitely” or “probably” use it, and just under half said they would “definitely” or “probably” not. Around 1% said they didn’t know.

大约一半的受访者表示他们“肯定”或“可能”使用它，不到一半的受访者表示他们“肯定”或“可能”不会使用它。大约 1% 的人表示他们不知道。

Privacy is once again the biggest concern

隐私再次成为最大的担忧

In what is becoming a predictable trend, the Bundesbank survey found that privacy was the biggest concern regarding the digital euro. 75% of respondents rated it ‘important’ or ‘very important.’

德国央行的调查发现，隐私是数字欧元最大的担忧，这一趋势已成为可预测的趋势。 75% 的受访者认为其“重要”或“非常重要”。

Other prominent concerns were that the euro CBDC should run on European infrastructure (72%) and that you can pay with it offline without an internet connection (59%).

其他突出的担忧是欧元 CBDC 应该在欧洲基础设施上运行（72％），并且您可以在没有互联网连接的情况下使用它进行离线支付（59％）。

The European Central Bank (ECB) claims the digital euro can be used offline and that “transaction details would only be known to the payer and the payee.” As of now, the European CBDC is still in the design and testing phase, and while many expect it in 2025, the Bundesbank president is skeptical about this timeline.

欧洲中央银行（ECB）声称数字欧元可以离线使用，并且“交易细节只有付款人和收款人知道”。截至目前，欧洲 CBDC 仍处于设计和测试阶段，尽管许多人预计会在 2025 年实现，但德国央行行长对这一时间表表示怀疑。

In addition to the concerns of citizens, banks and economists have expressed concern about the potential for financial disintermediation should CBDCs become ubiquitous.

除了公民的担忧之外，银行和经济学家还对 CBDC 普及后可能出现的金融脱媒表示担忧。

While some say commercial banks are merely fearmongering to protect their interests, some economists are concerned about unpredictable economic consequences if bank deposits are reduced. In Germany, another Bundesbank report estimates that 10% of all money could end up in the digital euro.

虽然有人说商业银行只是为了保护自己的利益而散布恐慌，但一些经济学家担心，如果银行存款减少，将会产生不可预测的经济后果。在德国，德国央行的另一份报告估计，所有资金的 10% 最终可能会流入数字欧元。

CBDCs are coming: A public blockchain can blunt the sharp edges

CBDC 即将到来：公共区块链可以钝化锋利的边缘

As this German survey and countless others show, privacy is one of the top concerns of citizens wary of CBDCs. With that comes a fear of government control and the state’s ability to track and trace citizens’ financial activities and even freeze/stop payments it does not approve of.

正如这项德国调查和无数其他调查所显示的那样，隐私是对 CBDC 持谨慎态度的公民最关心的问题之一。随之而来的是对政府控制以及国家跟踪和追踪公民金融活动的能力的恐惧，甚至冻结/停止其不批准的付款的能力。

Yet, despite these concerns, CBDCs are coming. It seems that every week, CoinGeek reports on another country’s pilot program, test, or cooperation with other countries to make CBDCs work. Countries from China to Israel to the Bahamas and beyond are either rolling out or designing digital national currencies.

然而，尽管存在这些担忧，CBDC 仍即将到来。 CoinGeek 似乎每周都会报道另一个国家为使 CBDC 发挥作用而进行的试点计划、测试或与其他国家的合作。从中国到以色列再到巴哈马等国家都在推出或设计数字国家货币。

One thing they all have in common is that they run on private ledgers created by central banks and international institutions like the Bank for International Settlements (BIS). This only exacerbates fears about government control and financial spying.

它们的一个共同点是它们都在由中央银行和国际清算银行（BIS）等国际机构创建的私人分类账上运行。这只会加剧人们对政府控制和金融间谍活动的担忧。

The solution is to run CBDCs on a scalable public blockchain that no single party controls. Doing so would ensure financial transparency works both ways and remove transaction censorship and interference from the hands of any single entity. While court orders could be issued to freeze the funds of terrorists and criminal gangs, small, casual transactions and micropayments would be beyond their reach, and the sheer volume of transactions would make tracking and tracing everyone’s activity practically impossible.

解决方案是在不受任何一方控制的可扩展公共区块链上运行 CBDC。这样做将确保财务透明度双向发挥作用，并消除任何单一实体手中的交易审查和干扰。虽然法院可以下令冻结恐怖分子和犯罪团伙的资金，但小额、随意交易和小额支付将超出他们的能力范围，而且交易量之大将使得跟踪和追查每个人的活动几乎是不可能的。

If CBDCs are to become a reality, and it seems they will, they should run on a scalable public blockchain with no central authority controlling the nodes. The BSV Blockchain has the tools to allow programmable money at scale.

如果 CBDC 要成为现实（而且似乎会成为现实），它们应该在可扩展的公共区块链上运行，没有中央机构控制节点。 BSV 区块链拥有允许大规模可编程资金的工具。

To learn more about central bank digital currencies and some of the design decisions that need to be considered when creating and launching it, read nChain’s CBDC playbook.

要了解有关中央银行数字货币以及创建和启动它时需要考虑的一些设计决策的更多信息，请阅读 nChain 的 CBDC 手册。