金砖国家峰会结束，呼吁建立不受西方影响的独立支付系统

一年一度的喀山金砖国家峰会即将结束。尽管备受吹捧的金砖国家数字货币并未实现，但一些成员对西方世界表示不满，并呼吁成员国之间建立替代支付系统。

The annual BRICS Summit in Kazan is coming to an end. While the much-hyped BRICS digital currency did not materialize, some members did air their grievances with the Western world and called for alternative payment systems between member states.

一年一度的喀山金砖国家领导人会晤即将结束。尽管大肆宣传的金砖国家数字货币并未实现，但一些成员确实向西方世界表达了不满，并呼吁成员国之间建立替代支付系统。

Front and center was a call for independent payment systems. Russian President Vladimir Putin, Brazilian President Lula da Silva, and Iranian Ambassador Kazem Jalali all called for payment systems that are free from Western influence.

最重要的是呼吁建立独立的支付系统。俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京、巴西总统卢拉·达席尔瓦和伊朗大使卡泽姆·贾拉利都呼吁建立不受西方影响的支付系统。

Jalali argued that the existing banking systems have regulations that only benefit Western countries. He called for alternative banking mechanisms and an independent financial messaging exchange system, slamming the existing system’s “biased standards” on counter-terrorism financing (CTF) and other financial regulations.

贾拉利认为，现有银行体系的监管只对西方国家有利。他呼吁建立替代性银行机制和独立的金融信息交换系统，并抨击现有系统在反恐融资（CTF）和其他金融监管方面的“偏见标准”。

Brazil’s Lula couldn’t attend the Kazan Summit in person due to medical issues, but he called for similar measures. He noted how the bloc had already built the BRICS Development Bank as an alternative to the failing Bretton Woods systems.

巴西总统卢拉因健康问题无法亲自出席喀山峰会，但他呼吁采取类似措施。他指出，该集团已经建立了金砖国家开发银行，作为失败的布雷顿森林体系的替代方案。

To no great surprise, Russia’s Putin echoed the same sentiment. Still reeling from the “theft” of $300 billion in Russian foreign exchange after he invaded Ukraine in 2022, he told BRICS members that they must develop alternative banking systems to stop the United States from using the dollar as a political weapon.

毫不奇怪，俄罗斯普京也表达了同样的观点。 2022 年入侵乌克兰后，俄罗斯 3000 亿美元外汇被“盗窃”，他至今仍心有余悸，他告诉金砖国家成员，他们必须开发替代银行系统，以阻止美国将美元用作政治武器。

“The dollar is being used as a weapon. We really see that this is so. I think that this is a big mistake by those who do this.” – Vladimir Putin

“美元被用作武器。我们确实看到确实如此。我认为这样做的人犯了一个很大的错误。” ——弗拉基米尔·普京

Russia is leading the charge for an alternative system

俄罗斯正在引领替代系统的发展

Having lost the most from sanctions and foreign exchange freezes after the invasion of Ukraine, it’s probably no surprise that Russia is at the front of the pack when it comes to pushing for alternative BRICS systems.

入侵乌克兰后，俄罗斯因制裁和外汇冻结而损失惨重，因此在推动金砖国家替代体系方面走在前列可能并不奇怪。

Indeed, most recent rumors about the BRICS currency have come from Russia. Putin’s moves to legalize and regulate digital currencies and offer Bitcoin miners excess energy, as well as a recent paper released by the Bank of Russia and others, have led to heated speculation in recent months.

事实上，最近有关金砖国家货币的传言大多来自俄罗斯。普京推动数字货币合法化和监管、为比特币矿工提供过剩能源的举措，以及俄罗斯央行和其他机构最近发布的一篇论文，引发了近几个月的激烈猜测。

Alas, no BRICS digital currency was unveiled at the Kazan Summit. For now, Russia will have to continue using BTC and other digital currencies to evade sanctions while BRICS turns up the dial on using national currencies between members.

遗憾的是，喀山峰会上没有推出金砖国家数字货币。目前，俄罗斯将不得不继续使用比特币和其他数字货币来逃避制裁，而金砖国家则开始在成员国之间使用本国货币。

All told, the Kazan BRICS Summit was somewhat of a letdown from a news perspective; it was basically a grievance fest against the West with more calls for what some members have already been pushing for since 2010 in some form or another.

总而言之，从新闻角度来看，喀山金砖国家峰会多少有些令人失望。这基本上是一场针对西方的不满盛宴，更多地呼吁一些成员自 2010 年以来一直以某种形式推动实现这一目标。

Could de-dollarization benefit the United States?

去美元化对美国有利吗？

De-dollarization is a trend and is set to accelerate, but there was nothing in Kazan that would make anyone in Washington or elsewhere worry. With so many different political interests within BRICS itself, it’s unlikely any payment system it does develop will pose a serious challenge to the current one.

去美元化是一种趋势，并且将会加速，但喀山没有任何事情会让华盛顿或其他地方的任何人担心。由于金砖国家内部存在如此多不同的政治利益，它开发的任何支付系统都不可能对当前的支付系统构成严重挑战。

However, if BRICS does manage to de-dollarize in the coming decades, it’s not all bad for the United States. While having the global reserve currency gives America power in the form of a strong currency and the ability to wield sanctions, it also comes with drawbacks.

然而，如果金砖国家确实能够在未来几十年内实现去美元化，对美国来说也不全是坏事。虽然拥有全球储备货币赋予美国以强势货币形式的权力和实施制裁的能力，但它也有缺点。

How so? Having the world reserve currency leads to the Triffin Dilemma. This conflict of interest means that to shore up global liquidity, the U.S. has to run trade deficits, providing the world with dollars. If it stopped doing so, the world economy could plunge into contraction, causing global economic instability. Essentially, the Federal Reserve and the U.S. government must constantly try to balance the needs of the U.S. with the needs of the world, and its decisions can have global consequences.

为何如此？拥有世界储备货币会导致特里芬困境。这种利益冲突意味着，为了支撑全球流动性，美国必须维持贸易逆差，为世界提供美元。如果它停止这样做，世界经济可能陷入收缩，导致全球经济不稳定。从本质上讲，美联储和美国政府必须不断努力平衡美国的需求与世界的需求，其决策可能会产生全球影响。

De-dollarization would also inevitably weaken the USD, but this isn’t all bad either. Given America’s pivot back to manufacturing at home, a weaker dollar could help make its exports and services more competitive. This would benefit sectors like manufacturing and agriculture the most.

去美元化也将不可避免地削弱美元，但这也不全是坏事。鉴于美国重心转向国内制造业，美元疲软可能有助于提高其出口和服务业的竞争力。这将使制造业和农业等行业受益最大。

As always, there are trade-offs, and de-dollarization is a huge change with many potentially unpredictable consequences. Regardless, even if BRICS pulls it off and convinces other countries to go the same way, there will be opportunities for the U.S. and the rest of the Western world, too.

一如既往，需要权衡取舍，去美元化是一个巨大的变化，会带来许多潜在不可预测的后果。无论如何，即使金砖国家成功并说服其他国家也走同样的道路，美国和其他西方世界也将有机会。

Watch: New age of payment solutions

观看：支付解决方案的新时代