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经过多年的寻找,一位电影制作人表示,他找到了化名中本聪(Satoshi Nakamoto)、比特币的创造者背后的人。
Cullen Hoback’s investigation into Satoshi Nakamoto’s identity began with a hunch and a cryptic message. In 2019, Hoback, a documentary filmmaker, was working on a film about the pseudonymous creator of Bitcoin when he received an anonymous e-mail. The message contained a single sentence: “Peter was the only person who tried to talk me out of it.” The e-mail was from Jeff Garzik, a Bitcoin developer who had worked closely with Satoshi in the early days of the cryptocurrency. Garzik’s message hinted at a possibility that had been circulating among Bitcoin enthusiasts for years: that Peter Todd, another well-known Bitcoin developer, might be Satoshi himself.
卡伦·霍巴克对中本聪身份的调查始于一种预感和一条神秘的信息。 2019 年,纪录片制片人霍巴克正在制作一部关于比特币匿名创造者的电影,此时他收到了一封匿名电子邮件。这条信息只有一句话:“彼得是唯一一个试图说服我放弃这件事的人。”这封电子邮件来自比特币开发者杰夫·加齐克 (Jeff Garzik),他在加密货币的早期与中本聪密切合作。 Garzik 的消息暗示了多年来在比特币爱好者中流传的一种可能性:另一位知名比特币开发者 Peter Todd 可能就是中本聪本人。
Hoback was intrigued by Garzik’s message, but he was also skeptical. Todd was a controversial figure in the Bitcoin community, and his outspoken nature seemed at odds with Satoshi’s reserved and enigmatic persona. Nevertheless, Hoback decided to follow up on Garzik’s lead. He began by searching for any evidence that could link Todd to Satoshi’s activities.
霍巴克对加齐克的信息很感兴趣,但他也表示怀疑。托德是比特币社区中颇具争议的人物,他直言不讳的性格似乎与中本聪内向而神秘的性格格格不入。尽管如此,霍巴克还是决定追随加齐克的脚步。他首先寻找任何可以将托德与中本聪的活动联系起来的证据。
One of the first things Hoback noticed was that Todd had registered for the bitcointalk.org forum on December 11, 2010, just three days after Satoshi had announced the creation of Bitcoin. Todd’s first post on the forum was a throwaway request for an invitation to something. His second post, however, was extremely technical, and in a peculiar way. About an hour earlier, Satoshi had posted a schematic recommendation for future Bitcoin development—a feature called “replace-by-fee.” Todd’s contribution looked like a surprisingly sophisticated reply to the master’s original post. Upon closer inspection, it seemed less like a reply than like a correction. Hoback eventually came to believe that it wasn’t even a correction but an explicit continuation of Satoshi’s last thought.
霍巴克注意到的第一件事是,托德于 2010 年 12 月 11 日注册了 bitcointalk.org 论坛,就在中本聪宣布创建比特币三天后。托德在论坛上的第一篇帖子是一次一次性的邀请请求。然而,他的第二篇文章技术性极强,而且方式也很奇特。大约一个小时前,中本聪发布了对未来比特币开发的示意性建议——一项名为“费用替代”的功能。托德的贡献看起来像是对大师原始帖子的令人惊讶的复杂回复。仔细一看,这不像是回复,而是更正。霍巴克最终相信,这甚至不是一个修正,而是中本聪最后一个想法的明确延续。
“Someone who had just created this account, and never posted about Bitcoin before, was finishing Satoshi’s sentences?” Hoback says in the film. And that same person would later go on to develop the very same feature Satoshi was asking about? What if Todd, who had otherwise been so careful, had logged in under the wrong username this one time?
“一个刚刚创建这个账户、之前从未发布过比特币信息的人正在完成中本聪的句子吗?”霍巴克在影片中说道。同一个人后来会继续开发中本聪所询问的相同功能吗?如果托德本来就很小心,这一次却用错误的用户名登录了怎么办?
(In an e-mail, Todd told me, “That post is simply me noticing a small mistake in one of Satoshi’s posts, and correcting it.” He continued, in a reference to Hoback’s earlier work, “Pointing to a one-off event like that as evidence of someone being Satoshi is QAnon-level conspiracy thinking.”)
(托德在一封电子邮件中告诉我,“那篇文章只是我注意到中本聪的一篇文章中的一个小错误,并纠正了它。”他继续提到霍巴克的早期工作,“指出了一个一次性的问题”像这样的事件作为某人是中本聪的证据是 QAnon 级别的阴谋思维。”)
The incident, Hoback realized, only got weirder. Three days after the replace-by-fee exchange between Satoshi and Todd, Satoshi disappeared from the forum—forever. So did Todd, who wouldn’t post again on the forum for another two years.
霍巴克意识到,这件事只会变得更加奇怪。中本聪和托德交换费用三天后,中本聪从论坛上永远消失了。托德也是如此,他在接下来的两年里不再在论坛上发帖。
Two years after that, in 2014, Todd would reply to a forum novice, John Dillon, who posted a bounty of five hundred dollars—a bizarrely puny amount—to create “replace-by-fee.” An allegedly leaked e-mail exchange between Todd and Dillon revealed that Dillon claimed to be some sort of intelligence agent. Hoback, for various reasons that he details in the film, came to suspect that Todd had invented Dillon as part of an ongoing misdirection campaign.
两年后,也就是 2014 年,托德回复了论坛新手约翰·狄龙 (John Dillon),后者悬赏 500 美元——这个数额微不足道——以创建“收费替代”。托德和狄龙之间据称被泄露的电子邮件往来显示,狄龙声称自己是某种情报人员。霍巴克出于在影片中详述的各种原因,开始怀疑托德发明了狄龙,作为正在进行的误导活动的一部分。
(Todd told me that those claims were “an attempt to smear me,” and that the e-mails “have no relevance to Satoshi’s identity at all.”)
(托德告诉我,这些说法是“企图抹黑我”,并且这些电子邮件“与中本聪的身份完全无关。”)
Todd seemed perfectly comfortable with the creation of alternate personae for ventriloquist purposes. He also seemed capable of playing a long game.
托德似乎非常乐意为口技目的创造替代角色。他似乎也有能力打一场持久战。
“For some people, like Adam, trying not to look like Satoshi made you look more like Satoshi,” Hoback told me. “But not for Peter Todd.”
“对于有些人来说,比如亚当,努力让自己看起来不像中本聪,会让你看起来更像中本聪,”霍巴克告诉我。 “但对彼得·托德来说则不然。”
In a 2014 tweet, Todd wrote, “Pro-tip: when starting a revolutionary cryptocurrency, find someone to frame for doing it first.”
托德在 2014 年的一条推文中写道,“专业提示:当开始一种革命性的加密货币时,首先要找到合适的人来做这件事。”
As Hoback delved deeper into Todd’s history, he uncovered more and more evidence that seemed to suggest that he might be Satoshi. For example, Todd, at the time, was a Canadian college student, which lined up with Satoshi’s posting habits, Anglicisms in his spelling and vocabulary, and hints at a Commonwealth background. Moreover, Todd had e-mailed Adam Back about hashcash when he was in high school, and his father was an economist, both of which seemed to align with Satoshi’s expertise in cryptography and economics.
随着霍巴克深入研究托德的历史,他发现了越来越多的证据,似乎表明他可能是中本聪。例如,托德当时是一名加拿大大学生,这与中本聪的发帖习惯、拼写和词汇中的英国化特征一致,并暗示了英联邦背景。此外,托德在高中时曾向 Adam Back 发送过有关 hashcash 的电子邮件,而他的父亲是一名经济学家,这两者似乎都与中本聪在密码学和经济学方面的专业知识相符。
On the other hand, there were also some discrepancies between Todd and Satoshi. For example, Satoshi was, by consensus, not a professional programmer, and it seemed highly unlikely that he was an original cypherpunk; he hadn’t, for example, even heard of Wei Dai’s “B-money,” another major Bitcoin antecedent, until Back filled him in. The Bitcoin white paper, contrary to academic practice, was extremely thin on citations. All of this pointed to a much
另一方面,托德和中本聪之间也存在一些差异。例如,众所周知,中本聪不是一名专业程序员,而且他似乎也不太可能是一位原始的密码朋克;例如,他甚至没有听说过戴伟的“B-money”,这是比特币的另一个主要前身,直到巴克向他补充了信息。比特币白皮书与学术实践相反,引用量极少。所有这些都表明了一个很大的
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