白俄罗斯完成2025年总统选举登记，允许六名象征性候选人在投票中“挑战”独裁者卢卡申科。

据人权组织维亚斯纳报道，在即将举行的选举之前，白俄罗斯执法人员进行了大规模搜查。

Six candidates have been approved by the Belarusian Central Election Committee (CEC) to “challenge” dictator Alexander Lukashenko in the upcoming 2025 presidential election. The candidates, who are all loyal to Lukashenko, will begin collecting signatures to enter the race. Meanwhile, independent election observers will attempt to monitor the conduct of the “election” from afar due to restrictions on their presence in Belarus. They have established the “Human Rights Activists for Free Elections” campaign to gather information from publicly available sources. The campaign will also provide legal assistance to candidates and their initiative groups.

白俄罗斯中央选举委员会（CEC）已批准六名候选人在即将举行的2025年总统选举中“挑战”独裁者亚历山大·卢卡申科。忠于卢卡申科的候选人将开始收集签名参加竞选。与此同时，由于白俄罗斯的存在受到限制，独立选举观察员将试图从远处监督“选举”的进行。他们发起了“人权活动家争取自由选举”运动，从公开来源收集信息。该活动还将向候选人及其倡议团体提供法律援助。

The candidates approved by the CEC include Anna Kanapatskaya, a spoiler candidate who participated in the 2020 presidential campaign; Siarhei Bobrykau, chairman of the Belarusian Union of Officers; and Siarhei Syrankou, leader of the Communist Party of Belarus. The previously registered initiatives are those of Lukashenko and three other loyalists: Aleh Haidukevich, leader of the pro-Lukashenko Liberal Democratic Party; Alexander Hizhnyak, leader of the Republican Party; and a former spokeswoman of the Interior Ministry, Olga Chemodanova.

中央选举委员会批准的候选人包括曾参加2020年总统竞选的搅局候选人安娜·卡纳帕茨卡娅（Anna Kanapatskaya）； Siarhei Bobrykau，白俄罗斯军官联盟主席；以及白俄罗斯共产党领导人Siarhei Syrankou。此前登记的倡议是卢卡申科和其他三名忠诚者的倡议：亲卢卡申科自由民主党领导人阿列赫·海杜克维奇(Aleh Haidukevich)；亚历山大·希日尼亚克（Alexander Hizhnyak），共和党领袖；以及内政部前发言人奥尔加·切莫达诺娃 (Olga Chemodanova)。

Lukashenko has stated that he considers the nomination of his supporters to be dictated by the desire to “secure” him. “I’m sure they just want to flank me here, to keep me safe, no more, no less. Well, I would like it that way,” Lukashenko told a state-owned TV channel.

卢卡申科表示，他认为他的支持者的提名是出于“保护”他的愿望。 “我确信他们只是想从侧面保护我，保证我的安全，不多也不少。好吧，我希望这样，”卢卡申科告诉一家国有电视频道。

RFE/RL political analyst Valer Karbalevich has written that “the nomination of several candidates, apart from Lukashenko, is designed to create the illusion that the current campaign is no different from the previous ones.” Belarus has not had any free or fair elections since Lukashenko came to power in 1994. During mass protests in 2020, the Belarusian regime relied heavily on Russia’s support to quell domestic unrest.

RFE/RL政治分析师瓦莱尔·卡尔巴列维奇(Valer Karbalevich)写道，“除了卢卡申科之外，提名几位候选人的目的是为了制造一种错觉，即当前的竞选活动与之前的竞选活动没有什么不同。”自1994年卢卡申科上台以来，白俄罗斯从未举行过任何自由公正的选举。在2020年的大规模抗议活动中，白俄罗斯政权严重依赖俄罗斯的支持来平息国内动乱。

Meanwhile, independent election observers will attempt to monitor the conduct of the “election” from afar due to restrictions on their presence in Belarus. The Belarusian Helsinki Committee and Human Rights Center Viasna have established the “Human Rights Activists for Free Elections” campaign to gather information from publicly available sources. The campaign will also provide legal assistance to candidates and their initiative groups.

与此同时，由于白俄罗斯的存在受到限制，独立选举观察员将试图从远处监督“选举”的进行。白俄罗斯赫尔辛基委员会和维亚斯纳人权中心发起了“人权活动家争取自由选举”运动，从公开来源收集信息。该活动还将向候选人及其倡议团体提供法律援助。

The campaign will operate remotely, as independent election observation is impossible on site due to the political terror and repressions unleashed by the Lukashenko regime, which has outlawed all but four loyal parties, jailed Lukashenko’s main political opponents along with around 1,300 people, now considered to be political prisoners, and eliminated 1,700 non-profit organizations.

竞选活动将远程进行，因为卢卡申科政权发动政治恐怖和镇压，不可能在现场进行独立选举观察。卢卡申科政权已取缔除四个忠诚政党外的所有政党，并监禁了卢卡申科的主要政治对手以及大约 1,300 人，这些人现在被认为是被关押为政治犯，并消灭了1700个非营利组织。

“Conducting a free and open election campaign is impossible in a situation of political terror,” the campaign said in its first election report.

“在政治恐怖的情况下进行自由和公开的竞选活动是不可能的，”该竞选团队在其第一份选举报告中表示。

“It seems that the only role of the remaining registered candidates is to formally demonstrate the presence of an alternative in the 2025 elections, but not to overshadow the main candidate or even create the illusion of competition,” says the campaign’s lawyer, Sviatlana Halauniova.

该竞选团队的律师 Sviatlana Halauniova 表示：“剩下的注册候选人的唯一作用似乎是在 2025 年选举中正式证明替代方案的存在，而不是让主要候选人黯然失色，甚至不制造竞争的假象。”

The registered initiative groups have until Dec. 6 to gather over 100,000 signatures for their candidates to enter the race. The process of gathering signatures will occur at a time when repression still haunts those who signed for alternative candidates in 2020, Polish-backed news outlet Belsat reports. Employees at government agencies, banks, military enterprises, and plants were fired for supporting Lukashenko’s opponents.

已注册的倡议组织必须在 12 月 6 日之前收集超过 10 万个签名，以便其候选人参加竞选。据波兰支持的新闻媒体 Belsat 报道，收集签名的过程将在 2020 年签署替代候选人的人仍然受到镇压之际进行。政府机构、银行、军工企业和工厂的员工因支持卢卡申科的反对者而被解雇。

“It is such a sometimes invisible process that it is impossible to evaluate,” Viasna’s Pavel Sapelka told Belsat. “We know about the phenomenon, but we cannot estimate its scale,” he said.

“这是一个有时看不见的过程，无法对其进行评估，”Viasna 的 Pavel Sapelka 告诉 Belsat。 “我们知道这种现象，但我们无法估计其规模，”他说。

Exiled opposition leader Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, who claimed to have beaten Lukashenko in the 2020 presidential election, has denounced the elections as an “imitation” and “non-elections.” Her office has called on supporters to protest against the rigged elections by voting against all.

流亡反对派领导人斯维亚特兰娜·齐哈努斯卡娅(Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya)声称在2020年总统选举中击败了卢卡申科，她谴责这次选举是“模仿”和“非选举”。她的办公室呼吁支持者通过投票反对所有人来抗议选举被操纵。

Other voices in the exiled opposition have called for a full boycott or consolidated voting for one of the spoiler candidates. Still, in the absence of a fair vote count, the effectiveness of either strategy would be hard to prove, political analyst Artsiom Shraibman suggests.

流亡反对派中的其他声音呼吁全面抵制或联合投票给一位破坏性的候选人。不过，政治分析家阿齐奥姆·施莱布曼表示，在缺乏公平计票的情况下，这两种策略的有效性都很难证明。