比特幣傳奇之後薩爾瓦多與國際貨幣基金組織達成 14 億美元協議

這個中美洲國家和這家總部位於華盛頓的銀行就一項 14 億美元的貸款計劃達成一致，該計劃將在 40 個月內發放。

El Salvador has reached an agreement with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) after four years of strained negotiations over the country's adoption of Bitcoin as a legal tender.

經過四年的緊張談判，薩爾瓦多與國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）就該國採用比特幣作為法定貨幣達成協議。

The Central American nation and the Washington-based lender agreed on a $1.4 billion loan program to be disbursed over 40 months, according to a statement by the IMF on Wednesday. In exchange, El Salvador had agreed to adopt measures that will improve its primary balance and help cut its debt-to-gdp ratio.

根據國際貨幣基金組織週三的聲明，這個中美洲國家和這家總部位於華盛頓的銀行就一項 14 億美元的貸款計劃達成一致，該計劃將在 40 個月內支付。作為交換，薩爾瓦多同意採取措施改善其基本平衡並幫助降低債務與國內生產毛額的比率。

The IMF cited the government's work in improving its fiscal situation, growing the economy, bringing down inflation and managing its near-term debt obligations.

國際貨幣基金組織提到了政府在改善財政狀況、發展經濟、降低通貨膨脹和管理近期債務方面所做的工作。

The lender also softened its stance on the use of Bitcoin by President Nayib Bukele's government, which had been a major sticking point. Legal reforms will make acceptance of the crypto currency voluntary for the private sector. The risks of El Salvador's Bitcoin project, the IMF said, will be “diminished significantly in line with Fund policies.”

該銀行還軟化了對總統納伊布·布克萊(Nayib Bukele)政府使用比特幣的立場，這一直是一個主要癥結所在。法律改革將使私部門自願接受加密貨幣。國際貨幣基金組織表示，薩爾瓦多比特幣計畫的風險將「根據基金組織政策大幅降低」。

The agreement, which still needs the OK from the Fund's executive board, would bring conclusion to an issue that has long vexed investors in El Salvador's bond markets. Bukele's adoption of Bitcoin in 2021 put the government at odds with the IMF, sparking credit downgrades, spooking investors and sending prices for bonds into a tailspin.

該協議仍需要基金組織執行董事會的批准，才能解決長期困擾薩爾瓦多債券市場投資者的問題。布克萊在 2021 年採用比特幣，導致政府與國際貨幣基金組織發生爭執，引發信用評級下調，嚇壞了投資者，並使債券價格陷入混亂。

Bukele, however, orchestrated a turnaround by buying back dollar notes at a discount, paying off other bonds early, restructuring pension debt and refinancing some of its domestic securities. Bonds due in 2052 jumped from below 30 cents on the dollar in mid-2022 to around 106 cents, rewarding debt investors with one of the best returns in the developing world.

然而，布克萊透過以折扣價回購美元票據、提前償還其他債券、重組退休金債務以及為一些國內證券再融資，精心策劃了扭轉局面。 2052 年到期的債券從 2022 年中期的 30 美分以下躍升至 106 美分左右，為債務投資者帶來了發展中國家回報率最高的債券之一。

Notes traded mixed on Wednesday following the announcement.

消息公佈後，週三票據交易漲跌互現。

The government made a surprise return to the bond market in April, selling $1 billion in global notes in a sweetened deal where the interest rate on the bond increases if El Salvador fails to score several credit-rating upgrades or a deal with the Fund.

4月份，政府出人意料地重返債券市場，在一項甜蜜的交易中出售了10億美元的全球票據，如果薩爾瓦多未能多次獲得信用評級升級或未能與國際貨幣基金組織達成協議，那麼債券利率就會上漲。

It also carried out a debt-for-nature swap to channel funds to the nation's longest river in October, and then sold another $1 billion in 30-year notes to buy back existing bonds and pay off government arrears.

10月份，它也進行了債務換自然，將資金引導到美國最長的河流，然後又出售了10億美元的30年期票據，以回購現有債券並償還政府欠款。