柬埔寨允許銀行提供涉及第一類加密資產的服務

柬埔寨國家銀行（NBC）邁出了重要一步，允許商業銀行和支付機構提供與第一類加密資產相關的服務

Cambodia has authorized commercial banks and payment institutions to offer services related to Category 1 crypto assets, which include backed or stable cryptocurrencies, as part of an effort to regulate digital currencies and align with global financial trends. This marks the first time the National Bank of Cambodia (NBC) has permitted such operations, following a directive issued on December 26 and officially announced on December 27, the Phnom Penh Post reported. However, unbacked digital currencies, including Bitcoin, remain prohibited under the new framework.

柬埔寨已授權商業銀行和支付機構提供與第一類加密資產相關的服務，其中包括支援或穩定的加密貨幣，作為監管數位貨幣並與全球金融趨勢保持一致的努力的一部分。根據《金邊郵報》報道，這是繼 12 月 26 日發布指令並於 12 月 27 日正式宣布後，柬埔寨國家銀行 (NBC) 首次允許此類業務。然而，在新框架下，包括比特幣在內的無支援數位貨幣仍然被禁止。

The directive is part of Cambodia's effort to regulate digital currencies and align with global financial trends. Under the new rules, financial institutions must secure prior approval from the NBC before engaging in services involving crypto assets. Approved institutions will be allowed to exchange crypto for fiat, facilitate transfers of crypto assets between accounts, and offer custody services. However, these entities are explicitly prohibited from using clients’ crypto assets for their benefit.

該指令是柬埔寨監管數位貨幣並與全球金融趨勢保持一致的努力的一部分。根據新規定，金融機構在從事涉及加密資產的服務之前必須獲得 NBC 的事先批准。經批准的機構將被允許將加密貨幣兌換為法定貨幣，促進帳戶之間加密資產的轉移，並提供託管服務。然而，這些實體被明確禁止使用客戶的加密資產來謀取自身利益。

Historically, Cambodia has adopted a cautious stance on cryptocurrencies due to concerns about potential risks, including fraud, money laundering, and other illicit activities. These concerns previously led to bans on crypto trading and transactions within the country.

從歷史上看，由於擔心欺詐、洗錢和其他非法活動等潛在風險，柬埔寨對加密貨幣採取了謹慎的立場。這些擔憂先前導致該國禁止加密貨幣交易和交易。

In May, Chea Serey, the governor of the National Bank of Cambodia, shared optimism about the potential of digital currencies. She highlighted that such currencies could strengthen the Cambodian riel and reduce reliance on the U.S. dollar. This sentiment aligns with the NBC's measured approach to embracing stablecoins while maintaining a firm stance against speculative and unregulated cryptocurrencies.

五月，柬埔寨國家銀行行長 Chea Serey 對數位貨幣的潛力表示樂觀。她強調，此類貨幣可以增強柬埔寨瑞爾的匯率並減少對美元的依賴。這種情緒與 NBC 在擁抱穩定幣的同時對投機性和不受監管的加密貨​​幣保持堅定立場的謹慎態度是一致的。

Cambodia has permitted commercial banks and payment institutions to offer services involving Category 1 crypto assets, such as backed or stable cryptocurrencies. #Cambodia #Regulation

柬埔寨已允許商業銀行和支付機構提供涉及第一類加密資產的服務，例如支援或穩定的加密貨幣。 #柬埔寨#監管

— Cryptonews.com (@cryptonews) December 27, 2024

— Cryptonews.com (@cryptonews) 2024 年 12 月 27 日

Economic researcher Hong Vanak from the Royal Academy of Cambodia shared insights on the complexities of regulating cryptocurrencies. He noted that the decentralized nature of digital currencies complicates efforts to track, tax, and control these assets. According to Vanak, while cryptocurrencies may offer limited direct benefits to Cambodia’s economy, institutions providing crypto-related services could generate revenue through user fees.

柬埔寨皇家科學院經濟研究員 Hong Vanak 分享了對加密貨幣監管複雜性的見解。他指出，數位貨幣的去中心化性質使追蹤、徵稅和控制這些資產的工作變得更加複雜。 Vanak 表示，雖然加密貨幣可能為柬埔寨經濟帶來有限的直接利益，但提供加密相關服務的機構可以透過用戶費用產生收入。

In a related development earlier this month, Cambodia blocked access to 16 cryptocurrency exchange websites, including major platforms like Binance, Coinbase, and OKX. This move was part of a broader initiative to regulate the digital asset market and enforce compliance with local laws. The action, based on a directive signed by acting Telecommunications Regulator of Cambodia (TRC) chairman Srun Kimsann, aimed to block 102 domains, most of which were associated with online gambling. The targeted crypto exchange websites lacked the necessary licenses from the Securities and Exchange Regulator of Cambodia (SERC).

在本月稍早的一項相關進展中，柬埔寨封鎖了 16 個加密貨幣交易網站，包括 Binance、Coinbase 和 OKX 等主要平台。此舉是監管數位資產市場並強制遵守當地法律的更廣泛舉措的一部分。該行動基於柬埔寨電信監管機構 (TRC) 代理主席 Srun Kimsann 簽署的指令，旨在封鎖 102 個域名，其中大部分與線上賭博相關。目標加密貨幣交易網站缺乏柬埔寨證券交易監管機構（SERC）的必要許可。

Although access to these websites has been restricted, mobile applications for the platforms remain operational. Currently, only two companies are licensed under SERC’s “FinTech Regulatory Sandbox” program. While these firms can trade digital assets, they are not authorized to exchange cryptocurrencies for Cambodian riel or other fiat currencies.

儘管對這些網站的訪問受到限制，但這些平台的行動應用程式仍然可以運行。目前，只有兩家公司獲得國家電力監理委員會「金融科技監理沙盒」計畫的許可。雖然這些公司可以交易數位資產，但他們無權將加密貨幣兌換為柬埔寨瑞爾或其他法定貨幣。

Despite stringent measures, Cambodia remains a leader in retail cryptocurrency usage per capita, according to analytics firm Chainalysis. Centralized exchanges account for approximately 70% of the country’s crypto transactions. However, Cambodia’s crypto activities have faced international scrutiny due to concerns about criminal misuse.

根據分析公司 Chainaanalysis 的數據，儘管採取了嚴格的措施，柬埔寨在人均零售加密貨幣使用量方面仍然處於領先地位。中心化交易所約佔該國加密貨幣交易的 70%。然而，由於擔心犯罪濫用，柬埔寨的加密貨幣活動面臨國際審查。

The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) highlighted the use of cryptocurrencies by criminal organizations in Cambodia for activities such as money laundering and dark-web transactions. Furthermore, data from Chainalysis revealed that over $49 billion in cryptocurrency transactions between 2021 and mid-2024 were facilitated by Huione Guarantee, a marketplace associated with the Cambodian conglomerate Huione Group.

聯合國毒品和犯罪問題辦公室（毒品和犯罪問題辦公室）強調了柬埔寨犯罪組織利用加密貨幣進行洗錢和暗網交易等活動的情況。此外，Chainaanalysis 的數據顯示，2021 年至 2024 年中期，Huioneguarantee 促成了超過 490 億美元的加密貨幣交易，該市場與柬埔寨企業 Huione Group 相關。