阿肯色州和懷俄明州的加密貨幣挖礦業務受到新法律和行政命令的影響

在限制中國對阿肯色州加密貨幣挖礦業務的所有權的立法之後，拜登總統發布了一項針對與中國公民有聯繫的離岸公司的行政命令。該命令是在最近幾週對中國擁有的加密貨幣挖礦業務進行更嚴格的審查以及對其對國家安全的潛在影響的擔憂之後發布的。

Cryptocurrency Mining Operations in Arkansas and Wyoming Affected by New Legislation and Presidential Order

阿肯色州和懷俄明州的加密貨幣挖礦業務受到新立法和總統命令的影響

Authorities at both the state and federal levels have recently taken action to address concerns regarding cryptocurrency mining operations owned by entities with ties to certain foreign countries.

州和聯邦當局最近已採取行動，解決與某些外國有聯繫的實體擁有的加密貨幣挖礦業務的擔憂。

Arkansas Legislation Targets Foreign-Owned Cryptomining

阿肯色州立法針對外資加密貨幣挖礦

On February 15th, 2023, Arkansas Governor Sarah Huckabee Sanders signed into law two bills (SB62 and SB19) restricting the ownership and operation of cryptocurrency mining facilities within the state. The new provisions prohibit individuals and entities from nations subject to the State Department's International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR), including China, Iran, Cuba, and others, from owning or controlling cryptomining operations in Arkansas.

2023 年 2 月 15 日，阿肯色州州長 Sarah Huckabee Sanders 將兩項法案（SB62 和 SB19）簽署為法律，限制該州內加密貨幣挖礦設施的所有權和運作。新規定禁止來自受美國國務院《國際武器貿易條例》（ITAR）約束的國家（包括中國、伊朗、古巴等）的個人和實體在阿肯色州擁有或控制加密貨幣挖礦業務。

This action follows a surge in Bitcoin mining operations in the state, with investigations revealing involvement by Chinese investors with potential links to the Chinese government. One former employee reported extensive operations spanning over 200 locations in multiple states.

這項行動是在該州比特幣挖礦業務激增之後採取的，調查顯示，與中國政府有潛在聯繫的中國投資者參與其中。一名前員工稱其業務範圍廣泛，遍布多個州的 200 多個地點。

The amendments to Arkansas' existing "Right to Mine" law, passed in 2022, aim to mitigate the negative impacts of the mining industry on local communities. Concerns raised by residents near mining facilities include excessive noise from ventilation systems, which has reportedly diminished quality of life and property values. The revised legislation requires facilities with foreign ownership subject to ITAR regulations to divest their holdings within one year, in addition to imposing noise restrictions on operations.

阿肯色州現有「採礦權」法修正案於 2022 年通過，旨在減輕採礦業對當地社區的負面影響。採礦設施附近居民提出的擔憂包括通風系統噪音過大，據報導這降低了生活品質和財產價值。修訂後的立法要求受 ITAR 法規約束的外國所有權設施在一年內剝離其所持股份，此外還對營運實施噪音限制。

Biden Administration Targets Wyoming Cryptocurrency Mine

拜登政府瞄準懷俄明州加密貨幣礦

Separately, the Biden administration has issued an executive order targeting a Wyoming-based cryptocurrency mining operation owned by MineOne Partners Limited, a company registered in Delaware. A lawsuit filed by a Wyoming-based cryptocurrency firm revealed the involvement of Chinese nationals in the ownership of MineOne.

另外，拜登政府也針對位於德拉瓦州註冊的 MineOne Partners Limited 擁有的懷俄明州加密貨幣挖礦業務發布了一項行政命令。一家位於懷俄明州的加密貨幣公司提起的訴訟顯示，中國公民參與了 MineOne 的所有權。

In 2022, Bit Origin Ltd., a former Chinese pork producer that transitioned to cryptocurrency mining, became a partner in a MineOne entity and established the mining facility, which became operational in early 2023. The involvement of Li Jiaming, the president of Bit Origin Ltd., has raised concerns due to the company's previous affiliation with the Chinese government.

2022 年，前中國豬肉生產商轉型為加密貨幣挖礦行業的 Bit Origin Ltd. 成為 MineOne 實體的合作夥伴，並建立了挖礦設施，該設施於 2023 年初投入營運。 ，由於該公司之前與中國政府的關係而引起了擔憂。

Reached for comment, Mr. Li declined to provide immediate remarks. However, in a previous interview, he stated that the location for the mining operation was chosen based on a secure energy supply contract, rather than its proximity to military installations or data centers.

我們聯繫到李先生置評，但他拒絕立即發表評論。然而，在先前的一次訪談中，他表示採礦作業的地點是根據安全的能源供應合約選擇的，而不是靠近軍事設施或資料中心。

The actions by Arkansas and the Biden administration demonstrate a growing focus on the potential national security risks associated with cryptomining conducted by foreign entities, particularly those with ties to countries subject to ITAR regulations. As the cryptocurrency industry evolves, governments are seeking to balance the potential benefits of mining operations with concerns regarding national security, energy consumption, and environmental impact.

阿肯色州和拜登政府的行動表明，人們越來越關注與外國實體進行加密貨幣挖礦相關的潛在國家安全風險，特別是那些與受 ITAR 法規約束的國家有聯繫的實體。隨著加密貨幣產業的發展，各國政府正在尋求平衡採礦作業的潛在利益與對國家安全、能源消耗和環境影響的擔憂。