Vitalik Buterin提出了新的路线图，以提高以太坊的可伸缩性，安全性和最终性

以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin提出了一个新的路线图，旨在提高以太坊2（L2）解决方案的安全性，最终性和可扩展性。

Vitalik Buterin, co-founder of Ethereum, has proposed a new roadmap for improving the security, finality, and scalability of Ethereum’s Layer 2 (L2) solutions.

以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin提出了一个新的路线图，以提高以太坊2（L2）解决方案的安全性，最终性和可扩展性。

Buterin’s plan is to use a "2-of-3" multi-proof system to support Ethereum's scalability while also ensuring decentralization and minimal trust assumptions.

Buterin的计划是使用“ 2中的2中”多型系统来支持以太坊的可扩展性，同时还确保权力下放和最少的信任假设。

The three types of proofs Buterin suggests are optimistic proofs, zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs, and trusted execution environment (TEE) proofs. A transaction is finalized when two of these proofs agree.

Buterin建议的三种类型的证明是乐观的证明，零知识（ZK）证明和可信赖的执行环境（TEE）证明。当这些证明中的两个同意时，交易将最终确定。

This approach mitigates the risks associated with relying on a single proof method, striking a balance between speed, security, and decentralization.

这种方法减轻了与依靠单个证明方法相关的风险，在速度，安全性和权力下放之间达到平衡。

Buterin also highlighted the importance of diversifying Ethereum's scalability solutions. He noted potential problems with over-reliance on zero-knowledge (ZK) systems. For instance, shared code among ZK rollups could lead to the spread of bugs, increasing systemic risks.

Buterin还强调了多样化以太坊的可伸缩性解决方案的重要性。他注意到过度依赖零知识（ZK）系统的潜在问题。例如，ZK汇总之间的共享代码可能导致错误的扩散，从而增加系统性风险。

As noted by Wei Dai, a research partner at 1kxnetwork, Buterin’s proposal combines optimistic rollups with a multi-proof system. Each stage 2 rollup uses one type of proof and two out of three proofs are needed to finalize a block.

正如1KXNETWORK的研究合作伙伴Wei Dai所指出的那样，Buterin的提案将乐观的滚动与多个防护系统结合在一起。每个阶段2汇总都使用一种类型的证明，需要三分之二的证明来完成一个块。

"This means that the finality of rollups can be as fast as zk proving (~<1hr for now) while protecting the system from soundness bugs in the zk system."

“这意味着汇总的结局可以与ZK一样快（目前〜g <1hr），同时保护系统免受ZK系统中的音质错误。”

Stage 2 Rollups: Faster, More Secure Ethereum Transactions

第2阶段汇总：更快，更安全的以太坊交易

The Stage 2 rollups outlined in Buterin’s roadmap aim to provide faster transaction confirmations and improved finality. These rollups would also offer stronger resistance to failures, even in semi-trusted environments.

Buterin的路线图中概述的第2阶段汇总旨在提供更快的交易确认并提高终结性。即使在半受信任的环境中，这些汇总也将提供更强的抵抗力。

Crucially, these rollups would still respect Ethereum’s 30-day upgrade delay, a rule designed to ensure stability during network upgrades. By following this delay, the system remains secure while transitioning to new technologies.

至关重要的是，这些汇总仍将尊重以太坊的30天升级延迟，该规则旨在确保网络升级期间的稳定性。通过遵循此延迟，该系统在过渡到新技术时保持安全。

Shifting to Open-Source Funding for Development

转移到开源资金进行开发

Buterin’s proposals extend beyond Ethereum’s scalability. In a separate blog post, Buterin suggested shifting from public goods funding to open-source funding for blockchain development.

Buterin的提议超出了以太坊的可扩展性。在另一篇博客文章中，布特林建议从公共物品资金转移到开源资金以进行区块链开发。

He expressed concerns that the term "public goods" has become politically charged, often benefitting projects that are more popular, but not necessarily those with the most impact.

他表示担心“公共物品”一词已被政治上负责，通常使更受欢迎但不一定具有最大影响的项目受益。

Buterin argued that public goods funding is vulnerable to social desirability bias and tends to prioritize projects with strong community backing or those that align with prevailing social values, not necessarily projects that provide the greatest benefit to the Ethereum ecosystem.

布特林认为，公共物品资金容易受到社会可取性偏见的影响，并且倾向于优先考虑具有强大社区支持的项目或与普遍的社会价值一致的项目，不一定是为以太坊生态系统带来最大好处的项目。

Instead, Buterin believes the focus should be on open-source funding, which would be directed towards projects that are demonstrably beneficial to the Ethereum ecosystem. This shift in funding strategy, according to Buterin, would ensure greater transparency and collaboration within the crypto community, ultimately funding projects that are sustainable and valuable to the broader ecosystem.

取而代之的是，布特林认为，重点应该放在开源资金上，这将针对对以太坊生态系统有益的项目。根据Buterin的说法，这种资金策略的这种转变将确保加密社区内的更大透明度和协作，最终为更广泛的生态系统提供了可持续且有价值的项目。