Vitalik Buterin提出了新的路線圖，以提高以太坊的可伸縮性，安全性和最終性

以太坊聯合創始人Vitalik Buterin提出了一個新的路線圖，旨在提高以太坊2（L2）解決方案的安全性，最終性和可擴展性。

Vitalik Buterin, co-founder of Ethereum, has proposed a new roadmap for improving the security, finality, and scalability of Ethereum’s Layer 2 (L2) solutions.

以太坊聯合創始人Vitalik Buterin提出了一個新的路線圖，以提高以太坊2（L2）解決方案的安全性，最終性和可擴展性。

Buterin’s plan is to use a "2-of-3" multi-proof system to support Ethereum's scalability while also ensuring decentralization and minimal trust assumptions.

Buterin的計劃是使用“ 2中的2中”多型系統來支持以太坊的可擴展性，同時還確保權力下放和最少的信任假設。

The three types of proofs Buterin suggests are optimistic proofs, zero-knowledge (ZK) proofs, and trusted execution environment (TEE) proofs. A transaction is finalized when two of these proofs agree.

Buterin建議的三種類型的證明是樂觀的證明，零知識（ZK）證明和可信賴的執行環境（TEE）證明。當這些證明中的兩個同意時，交易將最終確定。

This approach mitigates the risks associated with relying on a single proof method, striking a balance between speed, security, and decentralization.

這種方法減輕了與依靠單個證明方法相關的風險，在速度，安全性和權力下放之間達到平衡。

Buterin also highlighted the importance of diversifying Ethereum's scalability solutions. He noted potential problems with over-reliance on zero-knowledge (ZK) systems. For instance, shared code among ZK rollups could lead to the spread of bugs, increasing systemic risks.

Buterin還強調了多樣化以太坊的可伸縮性解決方案的重要性。他注意到過度依賴零知識（ZK）系統的潛在問題。例如，ZK匯總之間的共享代碼可能導致錯誤的擴散，從而增加系統性風險。

As noted by Wei Dai, a research partner at 1kxnetwork, Buterin’s proposal combines optimistic rollups with a multi-proof system. Each stage 2 rollup uses one type of proof and two out of three proofs are needed to finalize a block.

正如1KXNETWORK的研究合作夥伴Wei Dai所指出的那樣，Buterin的提案將樂觀的滾動與多個防護系統結合在一起。每個階段2匯總都使用一種類型的證明，需要三分之二的證明來完成一個塊。

"This means that the finality of rollups can be as fast as zk proving (~<1hr for now) while protecting the system from soundness bugs in the zk system."

“這意味著匯總的結局可以與ZK一樣快（目前〜g <1hr），同時保護系統免受ZK系統中的音質錯誤。”

Stage 2 Rollups: Faster, More Secure Ethereum Transactions

第2階段匯總：更快，更安全的以太坊交易

The Stage 2 rollups outlined in Buterin’s roadmap aim to provide faster transaction confirmations and improved finality. These rollups would also offer stronger resistance to failures, even in semi-trusted environments.

Buterin的路線圖中概述的第2階段匯總旨在提供更快的交易確認並提高終結性。即使在半受信任的環境中，這些匯總也將提供更強的抵抗力。

Crucially, these rollups would still respect Ethereum’s 30-day upgrade delay, a rule designed to ensure stability during network upgrades. By following this delay, the system remains secure while transitioning to new technologies.

至關重要的是，這些匯總仍將尊重以太坊的30天升級延遲，該規則旨在確保網絡升級期間的穩定性。通過遵循此延遲，該系統在過渡到新技術時保持安全。

Shifting to Open-Source Funding for Development

轉移到開源資金進行開發

Buterin’s proposals extend beyond Ethereum’s scalability. In a separate blog post, Buterin suggested shifting from public goods funding to open-source funding for blockchain development.

Buterin的提議超出了以太坊的可擴展性。在另一篇博客文章中，布特林建議從公共物品資金轉移到開源資金以進行區塊鏈開發。

He expressed concerns that the term "public goods" has become politically charged, often benefitting projects that are more popular, but not necessarily those with the most impact.

他表示擔心“公共物品”一詞已被政治上負責，通常使更受歡迎但不一定具有最大影響的項目受益。

Buterin argued that public goods funding is vulnerable to social desirability bias and tends to prioritize projects with strong community backing or those that align with prevailing social values, not necessarily projects that provide the greatest benefit to the Ethereum ecosystem.

布特林認為，公共物品資金容易受到社會可取性偏見的影響，並且傾向於優先考慮具有強大社區支持的項目或與普遍的社會價值一致的項目，不一定是為以太坊生態系統帶來最大好處的項目。

Instead, Buterin believes the focus should be on open-source funding, which would be directed towards projects that are demonstrably beneficial to the Ethereum ecosystem. This shift in funding strategy, according to Buterin, would ensure greater transparency and collaboration within the crypto community, ultimately funding projects that are sustainable and valuable to the broader ecosystem.

取而代之的是，布特林認為，重點應該放在開源資金上，這將針對對以太坊生態系統有益的項目。根據Buterin的說法，這種資金策略的這種轉變將確保加密社區內的更大透明度和協作，最終為更廣泛的生態系統提供了可持續且有價值的項目。