|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
阿拉伯联合酋长国免除了数字资产持有者对其交易缴纳的增值税(VAT),将传统金融服务享有的相同豁免扩展到新兴行业。
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has extended value-added tax (VAT) exemptions to digital asset holders, aligning the nascent sector with traditional financial services. Meanwhile, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has proposed higher taxes for bitcoin miners to reduce their carbon footprint.
阿拉伯联合酋长国(UAE)已将增值税(VAT)豁免范围扩大到数字资产持有者,使新兴行业与传统金融服务保持一致。与此同时,国际货币基金组织(IMF)提议对比特币矿工征收更高的税,以减少他们的碳足迹。
UAE extends VAT exemptions to digital assets
阿联酋将增值税豁免范围扩大到数字资产
The Federal Tax Authority (FTA) of the UAE has amended VAT regulations to exempt the transfer and conversion of digital assets, effective November 15, according to a recent update. The amendments were approved by the Cabinet earlier this year and cover other digital asset-related services, such as managing investment funds focused on digital tokens.
根据最新更新,阿联酋联邦税务局 (FTA) 已修订增值税法规,免除数字资产的转让和转换,自 11 月 15 日起生效。这些修正案于今年早些时候获得内阁批准,涵盖其他数字资产相关服务,例如管理专注于数字代币的投资基金。
However, the exemptions do not apply to financial securities or the digital representation of fiat currencies. The tax exemptions will be retroactively applied from January 2018, allowing virtual asset service providers (VASPs) in the UAE to claim input tax recovery for the VAT paid during those six years.
但是,豁免不适用于金融证券或法定货币的数字表示形式。免税政策将从 2018 年 1 月起追溯适用,允许阿联酋的虚拟资产服务提供商 (VASP) 就这六年内缴纳的增值税申请进项税返还。
According to Ankita Dhawan of Metis Institute, a boutique advisory, the VAT exemption essentially places digital assets in the same category as traditional financial services, several of which are already exempt from the tax. This move legitimizes virtual assets and aligns with the European Union (EU), which scrapped VAT for digital asset transactions almost a decade ago.
精品咨询机构 Metis Institute 的 Ankita Dhawan 表示,增值税豁免实质上将数字资产与传统金融服务归为同一类别,其中一些服务已经免税。此举使虚拟资产合法化,并与欧盟 (EU) 保持一致,欧盟在近十年前取消了数字资产交易的增值税。
In 2015, the Court of Justice of the European Union ruled that the exchange of a digital asset for fiat is exempt from VAT in a case referred by a Swedish court. However, some services, like mining and wallets, could be subject to taxes based on the individual country's laws.
2015年,欧盟法院在瑞典法院提交的案件中裁定,将数字资产兑换为法定货币可免征增值税。但是,某些服务(例如挖矿和钱包)可能需要根据各个国家/地区的法律纳税。
The United Kingdom followed the EU's lead and exempted digital asset exchanges from VAT, classifying them as a supply of a financial service. Australia and Singapore also exempt the exchange of digital assets for fiat from the Goods and Services Tax (GST).
英国效仿欧盟的做法,免除了数字资产交易所的增值税,将其归类为金融服务的提供。澳大利亚和新加坡还免除了将数字资产兑换为法定货币的商品和服务税(GST)。
Other jurisdictions that exempt digital asset exchange from GST, VAT, or consumption tax include Canada, Switzerland, and Japan.
其他免征数字资产交易商品及服务税、增值税或消费税的司法管辖区包括加拿大、瑞士和日本。
IMF calls for higher taxes on bitcoin miners to reduce carbon footprint
国际货币基金组织呼吁对比特币矿工征收更高的税以减少碳足迹
In contrast to the UAE's move to reduce the tax burden on the digital asset sector, the IMF is calling for higher taxes for bitcoin miners and artificial intelligence (AI) data centers due to their rapidly increasing energy consumption and carbon footprint.
与阿联酋减轻数字资产行业税收负担的举措相反,国际货币基金组织呼吁对比特币矿工和人工智能(AI)数据中心征收更高的税收,因为它们的能源消耗和碳足迹迅速增加。
In a blog post, IMF executives Shafik Hebous and Nate Vernon-Lin criticized digital assets and AI for being "power-hungry." They claimed that one bitcoin transaction consumes the same energy as an average Pakistani does in three years, while a ChatGPT query uses 10 times more energy than a Google (NASDAQ:GOOGL) search.
国际货币基金组织高管沙菲克·赫布斯(Shafik Hebous)和内特·弗农-林(Nate Vernon-Lin)在一篇博文中批评数字资产和人工智能“耗电”。他们声称,一笔比特币交易消耗的能源相当于普通巴基斯坦人三年内消耗的能源,而 ChatGPT 查询消耗的能源是谷歌(纳斯达克股票代码:GOOGL)搜索的 10 倍。
According to the IMF's research, digital asset miners could generate 0.7% of all carbon dioxide emissions by 2027, while data centers could hit 1.2% of the global total or 450 million tons.
根据国际货币基金组织的研究,到 2027 年,数字资产矿工的二氧化碳排放量可能占全球二氧化碳排放总量的 0.7%,而数据中心的二氧化碳排放量可能占全球总量的 1.2%,即 4.5 亿吨。
The organization suggests a direct tax of $0.047 per kilowatt hour for bitcoin miners, which it believes would bring them up to global standards. Considering other factors, like the impact of air pollution on the health of the surrounding communities, this tax should hit $0.089. This would result in an 85% increase in the average price of electricity for miners.
该组织建议对比特币矿工征收每千瓦时 0.047 美元的直接税,认为这将使他们达到全球标准。考虑到其他因素,例如空气污染对周边社区健康的影响,这项税收应达到 0.089 美元。这将导致矿工的平均电价上涨 85%。
On the other hand, it would generate $5.2 billion in global revenue and a reduction in annual emissions by 100 million tons.
另一方面,它将为全球带来52亿美元的收入,并每年减少1亿吨的排放量。
With electricity accounting for up to 80% of the miners' total costs, this would significantly impact a sector that has already been struggling, with most public miners recording losses in the first half of the year.
由于电力占矿商总成本的比例高达 80%,这将对本已陷入困境的行业产生重大影响,大多数公共矿商在今年上半年都出现了亏损。
The IMF acknowledges that the situation is the opposite in many jurisdictions, where miners enjoy generous tax exemptions and other financial incentives.
国际货币基金组织承认,许多司法管辖区的情况恰恰相反,矿工享受慷慨的免税和其他经济激励措施。
In Texas, for example, the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) has faced backlash from residents and legislators for cutting deals with bitcoin miners to compensate them for reducing their energy consumption during peak demand periods. In one instance, ERCOT paid Riot Blockchain (NASDAQ:RIOT) over $31 million not to mine.
例如,在德克萨斯州,德克萨斯州电力可靠性委员会(ERCOT)因与比特币矿工达成交易以补偿他们在高峰需求期间减少能源消耗而遭到居民和立法者的强烈反对。在一个例子中,ERCOT 向 Riot Blockchain(纳斯达克股票代码:RIOT)支付了超过 3100 万美元,以阻止其挖矿。
Beyond taxes, the IMF also advocates for "credits for zero-emission, bilateral power purchase agreements, and potentially renewable energy certificates."
除了税收之外,国际货币基金组织还提倡“零排放信贷、双边购电协议和潜在的可再生能源证书”。
免责声明:info@kdj.com
所提供的信息并非交易建议。根据本文提供的信息进行的任何投资,kdj.com不承担任何责任。加密货币具有高波动性,强烈建议您深入研究后,谨慎投资!
如您认为本网站上使用的内容侵犯了您的版权,请立即联系我们(info@kdj.com),我们将及时删除。