特朗普承诺让所有比特币“美国制造”可能是他最难兑现的竞选承诺

- 随着唐纳德·特朗普准备兑现一长串竞选承诺，当选总统确保所有剩余比特币都是“美国制造”的誓言可能被证明是最具挑战性的誓言之一。

Donald Trump's pledge to ensure that all remaining Bitcoin is "made in the USA" is facing challenges due to the decentralized nature of blockchains and increasing global competition in crypto mining.

由于区块链的去中心化性质和加密货币挖矿领域日益激烈的全球竞争，唐纳德·特朗普确保所有剩余比特币都是“美国制造”的承诺面临着挑战。

Trump made the vow in a post on his Truth Social account after meeting with crypto miners at Mar-a-Lago in June. The gathering marked a shift in Trump's stance on crypto, having previously expressed skepticism.

特朗普于 6 月份在海湖庄园会见加密货币矿工后，在其 Truth Social 账户上发布了这一誓言。这次会议标志着特朗普对加密货币立场的转变，此前他曾表达过怀疑。

However, industry analysts say that Trump's goal is not feasible in practice.

不过，业内分析人士表示，特朗普的目标在实践中并不可行。

"It is a Trump-like comment but it is definitely not in reality," said Ethan Vera, chief operating officer at Luxor Technology, a Seattle-based company that provides software and services to miners.

“这是特朗普式的评论，但绝对不是现实，”卢克索科技公司 (Luxor Technology) 首席运营官伊森·维拉 (Ethan Vera) 表示，该公司是一家总部位于西雅图的向矿工提供软件和服务的公司。

Vera added that blockchains are decentralized networks in which no one controls or can be banned from participating in the process.

维拉补充说，区块链是去中心化的网络，没有人可以控制或被禁止参与这一过程。

"On a practical basis, the sector is becoming increasingly competitive as large-scale operations pop up across the world to get a slice of the tens of billions of dollars in revenue generated each year by the industry," Vera said.

维拉说：“实际上，随着大规模业务在世界各地涌现，该行业的竞争正变得越来越激烈，以从该行业每年产生的数百亿美元收入中分得一杯羹。”

According to Vera, recent competitors include Russian oligarchs, Dubai royal families, and Chinese businessmen in Africa, who are joining in on the lucrative but energy-intensive process thanks to their deep pockets and access to vast amounts of power.

维拉表示，最近的竞争对手包括俄罗斯寡头、迪拜王室和非洲的中国商人，他们凭借雄厚的财力和掌握的大量权力，正在加入这一利润丰厚但能源密集型的进程。

About 95% of the 21 million Bitcoin that will ever be created have already been minted, although the hard cap on production is not expected to be met for about 100 years.

尽管预计在大约 100 年内无法达到生产的硬性上限，但将要创造的 2100 万枚比特币中，约 95% 已经被铸造出来。

The Bitcoin mining sector in the US has become a multi-billion dollar industry in recent years, as the token has seen exponential increases in prices. However, the total computing power generated from US-based miners is well below 50%, according to industry analysts.

近年来，美国的比特币采矿业已成为一个价值数十亿美元的行业，代币价格呈指数级增长。然而，行业分析师表示，美国矿商产生的总算力远低于 50%。

While there is no public data to indicate the sources of computing power from each region across the world, large crypto-mining service providers such as Luxor tend to have good insight on the makeup. They have more specific information on mining locations through their software that aggregates computing power to increase chances for miners to get Bitcoin rewards.

虽然没有公开数据表明世界各地的算力来源，但像卢克索这样的大型加密货币挖矿服务提供商往往对构成有很好的洞察力。他们通过聚合计算能力的软件获得有关采矿位置的更多具体信息，以增加矿工获得比特币奖励的机会。

US miners such as CleanSpark Inc. and Riot Platforms Inc. quickly supported Trump, hoping that the former president will ease scrutiny on the environmental impact of the high-energy use process, curb competition from overseas, and roll back what they view as restrictive guidelines under the Biden administration. Trump’s support of crypto helped to generate about $135 million in campaign contributions during the last election cycle, the most by any one industry.

CleanSpark Inc.和Riot Platforms Inc.等美国矿商迅速支持特朗普，希望前总统放松对高能源使用过程对环境影响的审查，遏制来自海外的竞争，并取消他们认为的限制性指导方针在拜登政府的领导下。特朗普对加密货币的支持在上一个选举周期中帮助产生了约 1.35 亿美元的竞选捐款，是所有行业中最多的。

Despite rapid expansion in the US and the latest bull run in the crypto market, economic sanctions by the US and rampant inflation in some emerging economies have spurred overseas miners to ramp up their operations even more.

尽管美国经济快速扩张，加密货币市场最近出现牛市，但美国的经济制裁和一些新兴经济体的通货膨胀加剧，刺激海外矿商进一步加大运营力度。

“There is huge growth coming up in a few different markets,” said Taras Kulyk, chief executive of Synteq Digital, which is one of the largest brokers for specialized computers for Bitcoin mining. Eastern European countries such as Kazakhstan are seeing more demand, and “sales into Asia, Africa and the Middle East are all on the rise, Kulyk said.

Synteq Digital 首席执行官塔拉斯·库利克 (Taras Kulyk) 表示：“几个不同的市场正在出现巨大的增长。”该公司是最大的比特币挖矿专用计算机经纪商之一。哈萨克斯坦等东欧国家的需求正在增加，“亚洲、非洲和中东的销量都在增长，”库雷克说。

Large sales in Asia point to an increase in Bitcoin mining activities in China after a sweeping ban on such operations by the government in 2021. A loosening stance on crypto from Russia is also spurring a resurgence of the industry in the country, according to Kulyk.

亚洲的大量销售表明，继 2021 年政府全面禁止比特币挖矿活动之后，中国的比特币挖矿活动有所增加。 Kulyk 表示，俄罗斯对加密货币的宽松立场也刺激了该国该行业的复苏。

For some African and South American countries, margins from Bitcoin mining are much larger compared to their US peers. Pockets of cheap energy are spread across Africa with hydro power-rich Ethiopia being one of the fastest growing crypto mining hubs on the continent. The US dollar-denominated mining revenue has provided a way to keep local operators in countries like Argentina out of the inflation spiral and preserve their savings.

对于一些非洲和南美国家来说，比特币挖矿的利润比美国同行要高得多。廉价能源遍布非洲各地，水力发电丰富的埃塞俄比亚是非洲大陆增长最快的加密货币挖矿中心之一。以美元计价的挖矿收入为阿根廷等国家的当地运营商提供了一种避免通货膨胀螺旋并保留储蓄的方法。

Even US miners have embarked on overseas expansion as power costs in states such as Texas rise. MARA Holdings Inc., the largest miner by market cap, announced plans to form a joint venture with a local firm owned by a sovereign wealth fund in Abu Dhabi. The venture aims to build out one of the largest mining farms in the Middle East.

随着德克萨斯州等州电力成本的上升，就连美国矿商也开始了海外扩张。市值最大的矿业公司 MARA Holdings Inc. 宣布计划与阿布扎比一家主权财富基金旗下的一家当地公司组建一家合资企业。该合资企业旨在建设中东最大的矿场之一。

The operations within the US are not entirely dedicated to domestic miners either. Many miners provide hosting services, in which anyone either from the US or overseas can buy machines and pay the operations to run them and earn Bitcoin.

美国境内的业务也不完全专门针对国内矿商。许多矿工提供托管服务，来自美国或海外的任何人都可以购买机器并支付运行费用并赚取比特币。

And there is another headwind Trump risks bringing upon the US miners. A trade war with China would likely raise the cost of Bitcoin mining machines, most of which are manufactured by a Chinese company Bitmain, especially given the fact machines are one of the two major expenses for miners besides electricity. But for many miners, the benefits from Trump outweigh the harm.

特朗普还可能给美国矿商带来另一个不利因素。与中国的贸易战可能会提高比特币矿机的成本，其中大部分矿机是由中国公司比特大陆制造的，特别是考虑到矿机是除了电力之外矿工的两大支出之一。但对许多矿商来说，特朗普带来的好处大于坏处。

“Trump is probably the best thing for Bitcoin mining that could ever happen,” Kulyk said. “He is a pro-energy and pro-economic growth type of president.”

库雷克说：“特朗普可能是比特币挖矿史上最好的选择。” “他是一位支持能源和经济增长的总统。”