财政部警告俄罗斯越来越多地使用 Tether 来躲避制裁

美国财政部副部长沃利·阿德耶莫 (Wally Adeyemo) 对俄罗斯日益依赖 Tether (USDT) 等稳定币来逃避制裁和维持军事行动表示担忧。 Adeyemo 强调需要加大力度打击非法行为者对加密资产的利用，并敦促采取额外的二级制裁工具和立法，以加强对数字资产生态系统的监督和管辖。

U.S. Treasury Warns of Russia's Increased Reliance on Tether to Evade Sanctions

美国财政部警告俄罗斯越来越依赖 Tether 来逃避制裁

In a bombshell testimony before the Senate Banking Committee, U.S. Treasury Undersecretary Wally Adeyemo revealed Russia's escalating use of alternative payment methods, particularly the stablecoin Tether (USDT), to circumvent sanctions and sustain its military operations.

美国财政部副部长沃利·阿德耶莫 (Wally Adeyemo) 在参议院银行委员会的一次重磅证词中透露，俄罗斯越来越多地使用替代支付方式，特别是稳定币 Tether (USDT)，以规避制裁并维持其军事行动。

Adeyemo's testimony, delivered at a hearing titled "Countering Illicit Finance, Terrorism, and Sanctions Evasion," marked the committee's second deliberation on the subject within the past six months. The revelation of Russia's illicit crypto-financial activities has ignited concern among lawmakers and financial experts alike.

阿德耶莫在题为“打击非法金融、恐怖主义和逃避制裁”的听证会上发表的证词，标志着委员会在过去六个月内对该主题的第二次审议。俄罗斯非法加密金融活动的曝光引发了立法者和金融专家的担忧。

Crypto's Role in Financing Terrorism and Rogue States

加密货币在资助恐怖主义和流氓国家方面的作用

Adeyemo's testimony shed light on the widespread exploitation of crypto assets by terrorist groups and rogue states to conceal their financial activities. He cited examples such as al-Qaeda's use of Bitcoin and transactions between the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps-Quds Force and Hamas.

阿德耶莫的证词揭示了恐怖组织和流氓国家广泛利用加密资产来掩盖其金融活动的情况。他列举了基地组织使用比特币以及伊斯兰革命卫队圣城部队和哈马斯之间交易等例子。

The increasing reliance on stablecoins like Tether has further heightened concerns, as they pose significant challenges to the effectiveness of sanctions. Adeyemo emphasized the urgent need for the Treasury to enhance its efforts in combating illicit finance, particularly targeting digital asset providers.

对 Tether 等稳定币的日益依赖进一步加剧了人们的担忧，因为它们对制裁的有效性构成了重大挑战。阿德耶莫强调，财政部迫切需要加大力度打击非法金融，特别是针对数字资产提供商。

Expanding the Treasury's Jurisdiction

扩大财政部的管辖范围

Adeyemo called for the expansion of the Treasury's arsenal of secondary sanctions tools to specifically target digital asset providers. He urged Congress to pass legislation that would broaden the agency's jurisdiction to cover key players and core activities within the digital asset ecosystem.

阿德耶莫呼吁扩大财政部的二级制裁工具库，专门针对数字资产提供商。他敦促国会通过立法，扩大该机构的管辖范围，以涵盖数字资产生态系统内的关键参与者和核心活动。

Additionally, Adeyemo underscored the critical need for legislation addressing regulatory challenges posed by foreign crypto companies. Effective oversight, he argued, requires laws that empower the Treasury to address the complexities of cross-border crypto transactions.

此外，Adeyemo 强调迫切需要立法解决外国加密货币公司带来的监管挑战。他认为，有效的监督需要法律授权财政部解决跨境加密交易的复杂性。

Bipartisan Concerns and Legislative Efforts

两党的担忧和立法努力

The hearing sparked a robust debate among committee members, with Senator Elizabeth Warren (D-MA) expressing concern over the use of cryptocurrency not only by terrorist organizations but also by North Korean ransomware groups, drug traffickers, and distributors of child sexual abuse materials.

听证会引发了委员会成员之间的激烈辩论，参议员伊丽莎白·沃伦（D-MA）对加密货币的使用表示担忧，不仅是恐怖组织使用加密货币，朝鲜勒索软件团体、毒贩和儿童性虐待材料传播者也使用加密货币。

In contrast, some Republican members, including Senator Tim Scott (R-SC), criticized the excessive focus on cryptocurrencies in discussions about illicit financial activities. Scott urged a broader perspective, viewing digital assets as a scapegoat for larger systemic issues.

相比之下，包括参议员蒂姆·斯科特（R-SC）在内的一些共和党成员批评在有关非法金融活动的讨论中过度关注加密货币。斯科特敦促采取更广泛的视角，将数字资产视为更大系统性问题的替罪羊。

Amidst the heightened concerns over Russia's evasion tactics, bipartisan bills aimed at countering sanctions evasion and crypto-related illicit activities have emerged. In 2022, Senators Warren and Roger Marshall (R-KS) reintroduced the Digital Asset Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2023, which seeks to impose compliance requirements on crypto participants, including wallet providers, miners, and validators.

在人们对俄罗斯逃避制裁的策略日益担忧的情况下，旨在打击逃避制裁和与加密货币相关的非法活动的两党法案已经出现。 2022 年，参议员沃伦和罗杰·马歇尔 (R-KS) 重新引入了《2023 年数字资产反洗钱法案》，该法案旨在对包括钱包提供商、矿工和验证者在内的加密货币参与者提出合规要求。

Another bipartisan effort, the Crypto Asset National Security Enhancement Act of 2023, was introduced in July by Senators Jack Reed (D-RI), Mark Warner (D-VA), Mike Rounds (R-SD), and Mitt Romney (R-UT). However, both bills have yet to progress beyond the committee markup stage.

另一项两党共同努力，即《2023 年加密资产国家安全增强法案》，由参议员 Jack Reed (D-RI)、Mark Warner (D-VA)、Mike Rounds (R-SD) 和 Mitt Romney (R- UT）。然而，这两项法案尚未超出委员会加价阶段。

Conclusion

结论

The Treasury's revelation of Russia's use of Tether to evade sanctions has raised alarm bells and prompted renewed calls for expanded sanctions enforcement and comprehensive legislation. As lawmakers grapple with the illicit exploitation of crypto assets, the need for effective oversight and international cooperation becomes increasingly paramount in the fight against global illicit finance and the preservation of sanctions integrity.

美国财政部揭露俄罗斯使用 Tether 逃避制裁的事件敲响了警钟，并促使人们再次呼吁扩大制裁执行范围和全面立法。随着立法者努力应对加密资产的非法利用，有效监督和国际合作的必要性在打击全球非法金融和维护制裁完整性方面变得越来越重要。