代币化：投资的未来

区块链正在以多种不同的方式影响金融服务领域，其中最令人兴奋的之一是代币化的想法

Blockchain technology is having a major impact on the financial services industry in a number of ways, but one of the most exciting is the concept of tokenization, which allows physical, real-world assets to be represented as digital tokens so they can be traded more easily.

区块链技术正在以多种方式对金融服务行业产生重大影响，但最令人兴奋的之一是代币化的概念，它允许将现实世界的物理资产表示为数字代币，以便它们可以进行更多交易容易地。

Tokenization is already being used by some of the world’s biggest financial institutions, including BlackRock, BNY Mellon and JP MorganChase, which are now sold on the concept. Those organizations, once wary of all things related to crypto, have been won over by the realization that tokenization promises to deliver tangible improvements in the way assets are traded, paid for and settled.

一些世界上最大的金融机构已经在使用代币化，包括贝莱德、纽约梅隆银行和摩根大通，这些机构现在都在推销这一概念。这些组织曾经对与加密相关的所有事情都保持警惕，但由于意识到代币化有望为资产交易、支付和结算方式带来切实的改进，因此被说服了。

For the masses, the more significant benefit of tokenization is the way that it can potentially democratize finance, paving the way for everyone to become an investor and start building wealth through the concept of “fractional” investments.

对于大众来说，代币化更重要的好处是它可以使金融民主化，为每个人成为投资者并开始通过“部分”投资的概念积累财富铺平道路。

What is tokenization?

什么是代币化？

Tokenization enables almost any asset to be traded on decentralized, peer-to-peer marketplaces. It can be thought of as a magic portal through which anyone can invest in anything, be it stocks and shares, commodities, forex, real estate, vintage wine or something else. What’s more, it can be accessed by anyone, with as little as just a few dollars. In this way, tokenization opens the door to financial opportunities that were once exclusively reserved for the wealthiest among us.

代币化使得几乎所有资产都可以在去中心化的点对点市场上进行交易。它可以被认为是一个神奇的门户，任何人都可以通过它投资任何东西，无论是股票、商品、外汇、房地产、葡萄酒还是其他东西。更重要的是，任何人都可以访问它，只需几美元。通过这种方式，代币化打开了通往曾经专属于我们当中最富有的人的金融机会的大门。

The magic of tokenization is that it becomes possible to buy a small share of a luxury apartment building, hotel or even a parking lot, or else own shares in a gold reserve or invest in a blue-chip artwork, with just a few mouse clicks from the comfort of your own home.

代币化的神奇之处在于，只需点击几下鼠标，就可以购买豪华公寓楼、酒店甚至停车场的一小部分，或者拥有黄金储备的股份或投资蓝筹艺术品从舒适的家中开始。

In terms of benefits, tokenization paves the way for faster trade settlements, with transactions processed in just a few seconds, and lower trade costs, as there are no more middlemen – except for the network “gas” fees, but they are generally minimal.

就好处而言，代币化为更快的贸易结算铺平了道路，交易只需几秒钟即可处理，并且由于不再有中间商，因此交易成本更低——除了网络“汽油”费用，但这些费用通常很少。

Tokenization also means more security thanks to the strong foundations and transparent nature of blockchain, greater accountability, transparent ownership tracking, and less reliance on custodians.

由于区块链的坚实基础和透明性，代币化还意味着更高的安全性、更大的问责制、透明的所有权跟踪以及对托管人的更少依赖。

What assets can be tokenized?

哪些资产可以代币化？

Digital tokens live on the blockchain, where they’re minted to represent assets in the real world. By creating digital tokens that represent a precious metal such as gold or platinum, for example, that asset can then be bought and sold on-chain, with the tokens changing hands instantly, the moment a transaction is processed. There’s no way anyone can be excluded from the process, and there’s no limit to how many tokens can be generated per asset, which means they can be affordable enough that anyone can get involved with just a few dollars’ worth of crypto in their wallet.

数字代币存在于区块链上，它们被铸造来代表现实世界中的资产。例如，通过创建代表黄金或铂金等贵金属的数字代币，该资产就可以在链上买卖，代币在交易处理后立即易手。任何人都不能被排除在这个过程之外，而且每个资产可以生成多少代币没有限制，这意味着它们的价格足够便宜，任何人都可以用钱包里价值几美元的加密货币参与其中。

The most exciting thing about tokenization is that it’s not just some kind of future possibility. Tokenized assets already exist, and there are dozens of decentralized marketplaces up and running that anyone can participate in if they’re interested in becoming an investor.

代币化最令人兴奋的事情是它不仅仅是某种未来的可能性。代币化资产已经存在，并且有数十个去中心化市场正在建立和运行，任何有兴趣成为投资者的人都可以参与。

For example, if you’re interested in becoming a real estate investor, Blocksquare, through its Oceanpoint.fi marketplace, enables you to do just that, offering a wealth of real estate investment opportunities spanning penthouse apartments, hotels, and co-living spaces.

例如，如果您有兴趣成为房地产投资者，Blocksquare 通过其 Oceanpoint.fi 市场可以帮助您实现这一目标，并提供丰富的房地产投资机会，涵盖顶层公寓、酒店和共享居住空间。

Blocksquare has been around for several years now and demonstrated its proof of concept as long ago as 2018 when it created the world’s first tokenized parking space that anyone can invest in. The parking space, which exists in a car park in the Slovenian capital city Ljubljana, was split into multiple digital tokens that all represent a fraction of ownership. Anyone who buys one of the tokens can earn regular dividends derived from the $90 per month in rental revenue generated by the parking space.

Blocksquare 已经存在好几年了，早在 2018 年就展示了其概念验证，当时它创建了世界上第一个任何人都可以投资的代币化停车位。该停车位位于斯洛文尼亚首都卢布尔雅那的一个停车场，被分成多个数字代币，所有数字代币都代表所有权的一部分。任何购买其中一种代币的人都可以从停车位产生的每月 90 美元的租金收入中定期获得股息。

Since that first PoC, Blocksquare has evolved to become a much more comprehensive platform, offering white-label tokenization marketplaces for real estate operators to create their own markets. It also provides a way for real estate tokenization projects to attract community funding. For instance, a project called Pieme recently launched a Marketplace Pool campaign, seeking to obtain backing from Blocksquare’s investor community to help pay for its first tokenized hotel in Kampala, Uganda.

自第一个 PoC 以来，Blocksquare 已发展成为一个更加全面的平台，为房地产运营商提供白标代币化市场来创建自己的市场。它还为房地产代币化项目提供了一种吸引社区资金的方式。例如，一个名为 Pieme 的项目最近发起了 Marketplace Pool 活动，寻求获得 Blocksquare 投资者社区的支持，以帮助支付其在乌干达坎帕拉的第一家代币化酒店的费用。

Other options for tokenized investments include commodities. For example, MANTRA has created a marketplace where users can buy tokens that represent ownership of physical gold and silver, which can be traded as easily as any cryptocurrency. It’s much simpler than the traditional methods of investing in precious metals, which involves buying physical bullion or coins and storing it securely, or purchasing shares in a gold exchange-traded fund. Mantra also enables investors to obtain a passive income by staking its native OM token to earn rewards for supporting its network.

代币化投资的其他选择包括商品。例如，MANTRA 创建了一个市场，用户可以在其中购买代表实物黄金和白银所有权的代币，这些代币可以像任何加密货币一样轻松交易。它比传统的贵金属投资方法简单得多，传统的贵金属投资方法包括购买实物金条或硬币并安全存储，或者购买黄金交易所交易基金的股票。 Mantra 还使投资者能够通过质押其原生 OM 代币来获得被动收入，以获得支持其网络的奖励。

If gold and silver aren’t your thing, perhaps you’ll be more interested in ArtFi, which owns a physical art gallery in Dubai where it showcases dozens of high-value artworks it has procured on behalf of token holders.

如果您不喜欢黄金和白银，也许您会对 ArtFi 更感兴趣，该公司在迪拜拥有一家实体艺术画廊，展示了代表代币持有者采购的数十件高价值艺术品。

ArtFi operates by sourcing paintings, buying them and then tokenizing

ArtFi 的运作方式是采购绘画作品，然后将其代币化