为什么我们不能“回滚”以太坊

在昨天的Bybit Hack之后，加密评论员再次问为什么以太坊不能“回滚”链条扭转骇客。

Crypto commentators are once again asking why Ethereum cannot "rollback" the chain to reverse yesterday's hack after Bybit announced that the total losses now stand at $1.4 billion.

加密评论员再次询问为什么以太坊不能“回滚”链条在拜比特宣布总损失现在为14亿美元之后，以扭转昨天的黑客。

While experienced ecosystem actors near-unanimously agree that this is not possible, it's a question that continues to be asked by new crypto users and those unfamiliar with the technical and community aspects of cryptocurrency.

尽管经验丰富的生态系统参与者几乎一致同意这是不可能的，但新的加密用户和不熟悉加密货币的技术和社区方面的人仍在问这个问题。

Here's a concise ELI5 on why a blockchain rollback is not possible in practice.

这是关于为什么在实践中不可能进行区块链回滚的简洁Eli5。

Two Historical Blockchain ReversalsBitcoin (BTC) enthusiasts may recall two instances where blockchain rollbacks occurred.

两个历史的区块链ReversalsBitcoin（BTC）爱好者可能会回想起两次发生区块链回滚的情况。

The first was in 2010 when a bug led to the creation of 184 billion BTC, which were later rolled back.

第一个是在2010年，一个错误导致创建了1840亿BTC，后来又回滚了。

According to Tim Beiko, an Ethereum developer, this was possible due to the small size of the Bitcoin network at the time and because the bug created a clear protocol violation.

据以太坊开发人员蒂姆·贝科（Tim Beiko）称，由于当时的比特币网络的尺寸很小，并且由于该错误造成了明确的协议违规，因此这是可能的。

The second instance was the 2016 Ethereum The DAO hack, which saw stolen funds frozen for 30 days.

第二个实例是2016年的以太坊Dao Hack，该hack被盗了30天的资金。

This provided time for the community to coordinate a recovery effort, ultimately leading to a hard fork that reversed the transactions.

这为社区提供了协调恢复努力的时间，最终导致了逆转交易的硬叉。

However, both of these cases involved unique circumstances that do not apply to the Bybit hack.

但是，这两种情况都涉及不适用于Bybit Hack的独特情况。

Multisig Hack Challenges Beiko explained that the Bybit hack presents fundamentally different challenges.

Multisig Hack挑战Beiko解释说，Bybit Hack提出了根本不同的挑战。

The theft occurred through a compromised multisig interface, which made the malicious transactions appear legitimate to the signers.

盗窃是通过折衷的多层界面发生的，这使恶意交易对签名人来说似乎是合法的。

From Ethereum's perspective, these transactions followed all protocol rules, leaving no technical basis for intervention.

从以太坊的角度来看，这些交易遵循所有协议规则，没有干预的技术依据。

Beiko also highlighted the increased complexity of modern cryptocurrency infrastructure, which made such rollbacks even more challenging.

Beiko还强调了现代加密货币基础设施的复杂性增加，这使得这种回滚更具挑战性。

Once stolen, the funds can quickly move through decentralized exchanges, lending protocols, and cross-chain bridges, thanks to the interconnected nature of crypto.

一旦被盗，资金就可以迅速通过分散的交易所，借贷协议和跨链桥，这要归功于加密的相互联系。

Any attempt to reverse transactions would disrupt this ecosystem, potentially affecting legitimate trades and settlements.

任何逆向交易的尝试都会破坏这一生态系统，并可能影响合法的交易和定居点。

While Ethereum can still theoretically implement “irregular state changes” if funds are frozen and isolated, the last such proposal faced strong opposition.

尽管以太坊仍然可以在理论上实施“不规则的国家变化”，如果资金被冻结和孤立，但最后的提案面临着强烈的反对。

This was a proposal to recover 500,000 ETH that were frozen due to a Parity wallet bug, but it was ultimately rejected over concerns about centralization and setting a precedent.

这是一项提议，要求恢复由于奇偶钱包错误而被冻结的500,000 ETH，但最终因对集中化和设定先例的担忧而被拒绝。

Crypto Mixer Platform Rejects Bybit's Request to Track Stolen Funds as Hackers Begin Laundering ETH

加密混音器平台拒绝拜比特（Bybit）在黑客开始洗钱时追踪被盗资金的要求

SlowMist reports that hackers began laundering the stolen ETH through eXch, also known as the coin mixer platform used by North Korean hackers to launder illicit crypto funds.

Slowmist报道说，黑客开始通过Exch洗钱，这也被称为朝鲜黑客使用非法加密货币资金的硬币混音器平台。

According to SlowMist, the stolen ETH was being converted into BTC, Monero (XMR), and other cryptocurrencies through eXch.

根据Slowmist的说法，被盗的ETH正在通过Exch转换为BTC，Monero（XMR）和其他加密货币。

SlowMist also highlighted eXch's involvement in several security incidents, including the exposure of personal information belonging to industry security personnel, and urged all platforms to enhance risk controls for funds originating from eXch.

Slowmist还强调了Exch涉及几起安全事件的参与，包括暴露于行业安全人员的个人信息，并敦促所有平台增强来自Exch的资金的风险控制。

SlowMist's founder further noted that eXch has a history of hostile behavior toward security researchers, and they also highlighted the importance of exchanges having stronger risk controls for funds coming from the platform.

Slowmist的创始人进一步指出，Exch对安全研究人员有敌对行为的历史，他们还强调了交易所具有更强风险控制的重要性，该风险控制对来自该平台的资金具有更强的风险控制。

This development highlights the rapid movement of assets through mixing services, which demonstrates why technical solutions like rollbacks are no longer viable for major thefts in today's crypto ecosystem.

这一发展突出了资产通过混合服务的快速发展，这表明了为什么像回滚这样的技术解决方案在当今的加密生态系统中不再可行。