美国总统唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）已将财政部和商业部门90天提出了建立主权财富基金（SWF）的计划。

特朗普对记者说：“我们将为该基金创造很多财富。” “而且我认为该国拥有主权财富基金的时候了。”

US President Donald Trump has given the Departments of the Treasury and Commerce 90 days to come up with a plan to establish a sovereign wealth fund (SWF).

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）已将财政部和商业部门90天提出了建立主权财富基金（SWF）的计划。

“We’re going to create a lot of wealth for the fund,” Trump told reporters. “And I think it’s about time that this country had a sovereign wealth fund.”

特朗普对记者说：“我们将为该基金创造很多财富。” “而且我认为该国拥有主权财富基金的时候了。”

He also suggested that the fund could be used to buy TikTok.

他还建议该基金可用于购买Tiktok。

“We’re going to be doing something perhaps with TikTok and perhaps not,” Trump said. “If we make the right deal, we’ll do it. Otherwise, we won’t … We might put that in the sovereign wealth fund.”

特朗普说：“我们将与Tiktok一起做一些事情，也许不是。” “如果我们达成正确的交易，我们会做到的。否则，我们不会……我们可能会将其放在主权财富基金中。”

Here’s a look at what we know about Trump’s SWF plan.

这是我们对特朗普SWF计划的了解。

What is a sovereign wealth fund?

什么是主权财富基金？

Governments own and use sovereign wealth funds to invest in global assets for long-term growth.

政府拥有并使用主权财富基金来投资全球资产以促进长期增长。

The official definition created by the International Forum of Sovereign Wealth Funds (IFSWF) describes an SWF as being made up of three elements:

国际主权财富基金（IFSWF）创建的官方定义将SWF描述为由三个要素组成：

According to the IFSWF, the key elements of SWFs do not include public pension funds, which are ultimately owned by the people who are entitled to receive benefits from them, or foreign currency reserves held by a country’s central bank, which are primarily used for monetary stability rather than investment.

根据IFSWF的说法，SWF的关键要素不包括公共养老基金，这些资金最终由有权从他们那里获得福利的人们或一个国家的中央银行持有的外币储备，主要用于金钱稳定而不是投资。

An SWF can act as an investment account for the long-term benefit of the nation; a stabilisation tool, providing funds which can be drawn from when the budget requires it; a development tool to support economic policy; or a combination of all three.

SWF可以充当国家长期利益的投资帐户；一个稳定工具，提供可以从预算需要的资金中获取的资金；支持经济政策的发展工具；或三个组合。

Ultimately, they are designed to be a nest egg, allowing current surplus funds to be invested to benefit future generations. Countries which are rich in commodities have traditionally used them to invest profits from sales of oil, natural gas, metals and minerals for the future. According to the IFSWF, some 60 percent of funds come from natural resources revenues.

最终，它们被设计为巢蛋，使当前的盈余资金可以受益于子孙后代。传统上，富裕的商品的国家用来为未来的石油，天然气，金属和矿物质的销售来投资利润。根据IFSWF的数据，约60％的资金来自自然资源收入。

Unlike pension funds, from which people withdraw money as income to support themselves in retirement, SWFs are supposed to invest for the collective good of a nation.

与养老基金不同，人们从中撤出资金作为退休的收入来支持自己，SWF应该投资为一个国家的集体利益。

That could mean funding the construction of an airport, school or infrastructure project. SWFs also often invest in financial products and buy stakes in companies, which can provide long-term economic security and fund government budgets or social programmes.

这可能意味着资助机场，学校或基础设施项目的建设。 SWF还经常投资于金融产品并购买公司的股份，这些公司可以提供长期的经济安全并为政府预算或社会计划提供资金。

Where will the money come from to set up a US fund?

资金将来自哪里建立美国基金？

Trump has been vague about the size of any US sovereign wealth fund or how it would be funded.

特朗普对任何美国主权财富基金的规模或如何资助都含糊不清。

The president’s executive order directs the Commerce and Treasury Departments to include in the plan recommendations for funding mechanisms, investment strategies, fund structure and a governance model.

总统的行政命令指示商业和财政部将资金机制，投资策略，基金结构和治理模式的计划建议包括在内。

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent told reporters the fund would be established within the next 12 months but also did not specify where the money would come from.

财政部长斯科特·贝斯特（Scott Bessent）告诉记者，该基金将在未来12个月内建立，但也没有指定这笔钱的来源。

“We’re going to monetise the asset side of the US balance sheet for the American people,” Bessent said. “There’ll be a combination of liquid assets, assets that we have in this country as we work to bring them out for the American people.”

Bessent说：“我们将为美国人民提供美国资产负债表的资产资产一方。” “在我们为美国人民带来的时，我们在这个国家将拥有各种流动资产和资产的组合。”

Stan Veuger, a senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, said that the assets Bessent was referring to could include property and even the government’s Bitcoin holdings.

美国企业学院的高级研究员斯坦·韦格（Stan Veuger）表示，贝斯特（Bessent）所指的资产可能包括财产，甚至包括政府的比特币持有量。

The US has seized at least 215,000 Bitcoins implicated in criminal activity, valued at almost $21bn at current prices, since 2020, according to analysis by crypto firm 21.co. Trump suggested last year that he might have plans for a crypto reserve similar to oil reserves.

根据Crypto企业21.co的分析，美国已经抓住了至少有215,000个涉及犯罪活动的比特币，其价值将近21亿美元，自2020年以来。特朗普去年建议他可能有类似于石油储量的加密保护区计划。

Bitcoin holdings “could be the basis of sovereign wealth fund, though, of course, their value is relatively modest”, Veuger told Al Jazeera.

韦格告诉半岛电视台，比特币持有“当然，可能是主权财富基金的基础”。

Which other countries have set up SWFs?

其他哪些国家还建立了SWF？

According to the IFSWF, more than 90 such funds manage more than $8 trillion in assets worldwide.

根据IFSWF的说法，全世界有90多个此类资金管理超过8万亿美元的资产。

The largest fund is Norway’s Government Pension Fund Global, which has $1.74 trillion in assets, followed by the China Investment Corporation, with $1.33 trillion in assets, according to the Sovereign Wealth Fund Institute, a data provider.

最大的基金是挪威的政府养老基金Global，其资产为1.74万亿美元，其次是中国投资公司，资产为1.33万亿美元。

Abu Dhabi, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Singapore are among other countries with prominent sovereign wealth funds, with assets of between $801bn and $1.06 trillion, the institute said.

该研究所说，阿布扎比，科威特，沙特阿拉伯和新加坡是拥有突出的主权财富基金的其他国家，资产在8001亿至10.6万亿美元之间。

Is setting up a SWF a good idea for the US?

为美国设置SWF是一个好主意吗？

Trump is not the first to consider setting up an SWF for the United States.

特朗普不是第一个考虑为美国建立SWF的人。

Former President Joe Biden’s administration was also considering establishing such a fund before Trump’s election in November, according to The New York Times and Financial Times.

据《纽约时报》和《金融时报》报道，前总统乔·拜登（Joe Biden）的政府还正在考虑在特朗普当选之前建立这样的基金。

And Trump has lauded the idea of setting up the fund, saying it could fund “great national endeavours” such as infrastructure projects including highways and airports, manufacturing and medical research.

特朗普赞扬了建立该基金的想法，称其可以资助“伟大的国家努力”，例如基础设施项目，包括高速公路和机场，制造业和医疗研究。

Some investors on Wall Street said the news was a surprise and questioned whether it was a good idea, however.

华尔街的一些投资者说，这一消息令人惊讶，并质疑这是否是个好主意。

Typically, a SW

通常是SW