美国总统唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）希望使他的国家成为“比特币超级大国”

他在3月20日在Blockwork举行的数字资产峰会上对一群加密行业的高管和观察员讲话，他说：“我们将共同使美国成为无可争议的比特币超级大国

US President Donald Trump has set his sights on making America the “Bitcoin superpower,” but the question remains as to who he is competing with.

美国总统唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）将目光投向使美国成为“比特币超级大国”，但关于他与谁竞争的问题仍然存在。

Speaking at Blockwork’s Digital Asset Summit to a crowd of crypto industry executives and observers, he said, “Together we will make America the undisputed Bitcoin superpower and the crypto capital of the world.”

他在Blockwork的数字资产峰会上向一群加密行业的高管和观察家发表讲话时说：“我们将共同使美国成为无可争议的比特币超级大国和世界的加密之都。”

The US crypto industry has benefited greatly from preferential executive orders from Trump’s White House, including the establishment of a “strategic Bitcoin reserve” — a move advocates regard as a key metric for Bitcoin adoption.

美国加密货币行业从特朗普白宫的优惠行政命令中受益匪浅，包括建立“战略比特币储备”，这一举动倡导是采用比特币的关键指标。

However, many other countries, including major US trade partners, are just not ready to take on Bitcoin as a reserve asset, begging the question of who the US is competing with to become a “Bitcoin superpower.”

但是，包括美国主要贸易伙伴在内的许多其他国家都不准备将比特币作为储备资产，乞求美国与谁竞争成为“比特币超级大国”的问题。

US allies, trade partners and rivals aren't competing on Bitcoin

美国盟友，贸易伙伴和竞争对手没有参加比特币

Compared to major trade partners and geopolitical rivals, the US is certainly far ahead of the game in terms of Bitcoin adoption. Neither the European Union, China, Mexico or Canada have taken such drastic steps toward institutionalizing the asset.

与主要的贸易伙伴和地缘政治竞争对手相比，就比特币采用而言，美国肯定比游戏领先。欧洲联盟，中国，墨西哥或加拿大都没有采取如此严重的步骤来制度化资产。

China, the US’ largest trade partner by far and also its most prominent geopolitical opponent, has taken a strong stance against the asset, initially banning it outright before softening its approach slightly. China now allows mining operations but strictly prohibits the use of Bitcoin.

中国是迄今为止美国最大的贸易伙伴，也是其最杰出的地缘政治对手，对资产采取了强烈的立场，最初在稍微软化其方法之前就完全禁止它。中国现在允许采矿业务，但严格禁止使用比特币。

Overall, the government has preferred to concentrate its efforts on developing a retail central bank digital currency in the form of the digital yuan.

总体而言，政府宁愿以数字人民币的形式集中精力开发零售中央银行数字货币。

The European Union, another major US trade partner, passed its Markets in Crypto-Assets regulatory framework in May 2023, which came into full implementation by member states at the end of 2024.

欧盟是另一个主要的美国贸易伙伴，于2023年5月在C​​rypto-Assets监管框架中通过了其市场，该框架在2024年底被会员国完全实施。

While the EU is ahead of the US in terms of passing concrete legislation, it offers far less preferential terms to the industry than those expected in the US’ parallel legislation currently circulating in Congress.

尽管欧盟在通过具体立法方面领先于美国，但它对该行业的优先条款远低于美国目前在国会中流传的平行立法的期望。

Crypto user penetration in the EU is expected to remain essentially stagnant this year, and cryptocurrency’s popularity is low overall among the union’s richest economies. No member state has a Bitcoin reserve.

加密用户在欧盟的渗透预计今年将基本上停滞不前，而加密货币的受欢迎程度在工会最富有的经济体中总体上很低。没有会员国有比特币储备。

Even in crypto-friendly Switzerland, which saw $52.4 billion in US service exports in 2024, there are limits to crypto endorsement and adoption. On March 1, Swiss National Bank President Martin Schlegel said Bitcoin wasn’t suitable as a reserve asset, citing stability, liquidity concerns and security risks.

即使在2024年美国服务出口524亿美元的瑞士友好型瑞士中，加密认可和收养也有限制。 3月1日，瑞士国家银行总裁马丁·施莱格尔（Martin Schlegel）表示，比特币不适合作为储备资产，理由是稳定，流动性问题和安全风险。

Germany’s central bank chief Joachim Nagel has also dismissed the idea of a Bitcoin reserve, while Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney has previously criticized Bitcoin as being a poor form of money.

德国中央银行负责人约阿希姆·纳格尔（Joachim Nagel）也驳回了比特币储备的想法，而加拿大总理马克·卡尼（Mark Carney）此前曾批评比特币是一种贫穷的钱。

South Korea doesn’t feel ready to hold Bitcoin as a reserve asset, with the Bank of Korea stating that BTC is volatile and does not meet International Monetary Fund standards.

韩国还没有准备好将比特币作为储备资产，韩国银行表示，BTC是波动的，并且不符合国际货币基金标准。

Russia, for its part, has allowed crypto to be used in international settlements to circumvent sanctions. The central bank is also preparing a three-year experiment to allow select investors to trade crypto. Some legal scholars in the country have suggested establishing a crypto fund consisting of assets seized in criminal proceedings, although the Duma has yet to form one.

就俄罗斯而言，俄罗斯允许加密货币用于国际定居点来规避制裁。中央银行还准备为期三年的实验，以允许精选投资者交易加密货币。该国的一些法律学者建议建立一个由刑事诉讼中扣押的资产组成的加密基金，尽管杜马尚未构成一个。

Critics and proponents slam 'Strategic Bitcoin Reserve'

评论家和支持者猛烈抨击“战略比特币储备”

Critics have questioned the strategic value of the US Bitcoin reserve and who it benefits in the long run.

批评者质疑了美国比特币储备金的战略价值，从长远来看，它受到谁的好处。

Cornell economic professor Eswar Prasad said, “This is neither a strategic nor sensible idea but instead benefits bitcoin holders while sticking US taxpayers with the bill and exposing the government to financial risks. The US government would become a key driver of bitcoin’s price on the way up and down.”

康奈尔经济教授埃斯瓦尔·普拉萨德（Eswar Prasad）说：“这既不是一个战略也不是明智的想法，而是使比特币持有人受益，同时使美国纳税人接受该法案，并使政府承担财务风险。美国政府将成为比特币价格上涨和下降的关键驱动力。”

As noted by TLDR News, the point of most strategic reserves is to stockpile commodities that are deemed critically important to the function of a country’s economy. Governments can also create them to stabilize the price of goods that are in high demand. The US has strategic reserves of oil and grain, while China even has a strategic pork stockpile.

正如TLDR新闻所指出的那样，大多数战略储备的重点是储存对国家经济职能至关重要的商品。政府还可以创建它们来稳定需求量很高的商品价格。美国拥有石油和谷物的战略储备，而中国甚至拥有战略性的猪肉库存。

The Bitcoin strategic reserve does neither of these, as there is no great demand among Americans for Bitcoin, and Bitcoiners certainly don’t want the price to remain stable.

比特币战略储备都没有做到这一点，因为美国人对比特币的需求没有很大的需求，而比特币的人当然不希望价格保持稳定。

George Selgin, a senior fellow and director emeritus at the Cato Institute’s Center for Monetary and Financial Alternatives, said that the reserve’s stated goal of helping pay off US national debt was unrealistic.

卡托研究所货币与金融替代方案的高级研究员兼校长乔治·塞尔金（George Selgin）表示，该保护区的既定目标是帮助还清美国国家债务。

“The plan’s million-coin stash would have to more than double in value during its 20-year holding period just to compensate for the plan’s implicit interest cost. Second, the stockpile must eventually be sold to realize the gains, and you can bet that the same bitcoin holders who have managed to get the government to keep the bitcoin it already has will cry foul if it ever tries to sell any new coins it acquires,” he stated.

“该计划在20年期间，该计划的数百万杆储备的价值将不得不增加一倍以上，以弥补该计划的内在利息成本。其次，最终必须出售库存才能实现收益，您可以敢打赌，如果要让政府保持for for for for frip frip frip the New Coins，则可以押注同一个比特币持有人，以获取任何新的销售，然后将其销售出来。

Claims of it serving as a digital Fort Knox are “just as dubious” he said, as the gold contained therein hasn’t propped up the value of the dollar since Richard Nixon was president, taking the dollar off of the gold standard.

他说，它作为数字诺克斯堡的声称“同样可疑”，因为自理查德·尼克松（Richard Nixon）担任总统以来，其中包含的黄金并没有支撑美元的价值，因此将美元从黄金标准中脱颖而出。

Even Bitcoiners have taken a jab at the reserve.

即使是比特币的人也在预备役中进行了戳戳。