美國總統唐納德·特朗普（Donald Trump）希望使他的國家成為“比特幣超級大國”

他在3月20日在Blockwork舉行的數字資產峰會上對一群加密行業的高管和觀察員講話，他說：“我們將共同使美國成為無可爭議的比特幣超級大國

US President Donald Trump has set his sights on making America the “Bitcoin superpower,” but the question remains as to who he is competing with.

美國總統唐納德·特朗普（Donald Trump）將目光投向使美國成為“比特幣超級大國”，但關於他與誰競爭的問題仍然存在。

Speaking at Blockwork’s Digital Asset Summit to a crowd of crypto industry executives and observers, he said, “Together we will make America the undisputed Bitcoin superpower and the crypto capital of the world.”

他在Blockwork的數字資產峰會上向一群加密行業的高管和觀察家發表講話時說：“我們將共同使美國成為無可爭議的比特幣超級大國和世界的加密之都。”

The US crypto industry has benefited greatly from preferential executive orders from Trump’s White House, including the establishment of a “strategic Bitcoin reserve” — a move advocates regard as a key metric for Bitcoin adoption.

美國加密貨幣行業從特朗普白宮的優惠行政命令中受益匪淺，包括建立“戰略比特幣儲備”，這一舉動倡導是採用比特幣的關鍵指標。

However, many other countries, including major US trade partners, are just not ready to take on Bitcoin as a reserve asset, begging the question of who the US is competing with to become a “Bitcoin superpower.”

但是，包括美國主要貿易夥伴在內的許多其他國家都不准備將比特幣作為儲備資產，乞求美國與誰競爭成為“比特幣超級大國”的問題。

US allies, trade partners and rivals aren't competing on Bitcoin

美國盟友，貿易夥伴和競爭對手沒有參加比特幣

Compared to major trade partners and geopolitical rivals, the US is certainly far ahead of the game in terms of Bitcoin adoption. Neither the European Union, China, Mexico or Canada have taken such drastic steps toward institutionalizing the asset.

與主要的貿易夥伴和地緣政治競爭對手相比，就比特幣採用而言，美國肯定比遊戲領先。歐洲聯盟，中國，墨西哥或加拿大都沒有採取如此嚴重的步驟來製度化資產。

China, the US’ largest trade partner by far and also its most prominent geopolitical opponent, has taken a strong stance against the asset, initially banning it outright before softening its approach slightly. China now allows mining operations but strictly prohibits the use of Bitcoin.

中國是迄今為止美國最大的貿易夥伴，也是其最傑出的地緣政治對手，對資產採取了強烈的立場，最初在稍微軟化其方法之前就完全禁止它。中國現在允許採礦業務，但嚴格禁止使用比特幣。

Overall, the government has preferred to concentrate its efforts on developing a retail central bank digital currency in the form of the digital yuan.

總體而言，政府寧願以數字人民幣的形式集中精力開發零售中央銀行數字貨幣。

The European Union, another major US trade partner, passed its Markets in Crypto-Assets regulatory framework in May 2023, which came into full implementation by member states at the end of 2024.

歐盟是另一個主要的美國貿易夥伴，於2023年5月在C​​rypto-Assets監管框架中通過了其市場，該框架在2024年底被會員國完全實施。

While the EU is ahead of the US in terms of passing concrete legislation, it offers far less preferential terms to the industry than those expected in the US’ parallel legislation currently circulating in Congress.

儘管歐盟在通過具體立法方面領先於美國，但它對該行業的優先條款遠低於美國目前在國會中流傳的平行立法的期望。

Crypto user penetration in the EU is expected to remain essentially stagnant this year, and cryptocurrency’s popularity is low overall among the union’s richest economies. No member state has a Bitcoin reserve.

加密用戶在歐盟的滲透預計今年將基本上停滯不前，而加密貨幣的受歡迎程度在工會最富有的經濟體中總體上很低。沒有會員國有比特幣儲備。

Even in crypto-friendly Switzerland, which saw $52.4 billion in US service exports in 2024, there are limits to crypto endorsement and adoption. On March 1, Swiss National Bank President Martin Schlegel said Bitcoin wasn’t suitable as a reserve asset, citing stability, liquidity concerns and security risks.

即使在2024年美國服務出口524億美元的瑞士友好型瑞士中，加密認可和收養也有限制。 3月1日，瑞士國家銀行總裁馬丁·施萊格爾（Martin Schlegel）表示，比特幣不適合作為儲備資產，理由是穩定，流動性問題和安全風險。

Germany’s central bank chief Joachim Nagel has also dismissed the idea of a Bitcoin reserve, while Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney has previously criticized Bitcoin as being a poor form of money.

德國中央銀行負責人約阿希姆·納格爾（Joachim Nagel）也駁回了比特幣儲備的想法，而加拿大總理馬克·卡尼（Mark Carney）此前曾批評比特幣是一種貧窮的錢。

South Korea doesn’t feel ready to hold Bitcoin as a reserve asset, with the Bank of Korea stating that BTC is volatile and does not meet International Monetary Fund standards.

韓國還沒有準備好將比特幣作為儲備資產，韓國銀行表示，BTC是波動的，並且不符合國際貨幣基金標準。

Russia, for its part, has allowed crypto to be used in international settlements to circumvent sanctions. The central bank is also preparing a three-year experiment to allow select investors to trade crypto. Some legal scholars in the country have suggested establishing a crypto fund consisting of assets seized in criminal proceedings, although the Duma has yet to form one.

就俄羅斯而言，俄羅斯允許加密貨幣用於國際定居點來規避制裁。中央銀行還準備為期三年的實驗，以允許精選投資者交易加密貨幣。該國的一些法律學者建議建立一個由刑事訴訟中扣押的資產組成的加密基金，儘管杜馬尚未構成一個。

Critics and proponents slam 'Strategic Bitcoin Reserve'

評論家和支持者猛烈抨擊“戰略比特幣儲備”

Critics have questioned the strategic value of the US Bitcoin reserve and who it benefits in the long run.

批評者質疑了美國比特幣儲備金的戰略價值，從長遠來看，它受到誰的好處。

Cornell economic professor Eswar Prasad said, “This is neither a strategic nor sensible idea but instead benefits bitcoin holders while sticking US taxpayers with the bill and exposing the government to financial risks. The US government would become a key driver of bitcoin’s price on the way up and down.”

康奈爾經濟教授埃斯瓦爾·普拉薩德（Eswar Prasad）說：“這既不是一個戰略也不是明智的想法，而是使比特幣持有人受益，同時使美國納稅人接受該法案，並使政府承擔財務風險。美國政府將成為比特幣價格上漲和下降的關鍵驅動力。”

As noted by TLDR News, the point of most strategic reserves is to stockpile commodities that are deemed critically important to the function of a country’s economy. Governments can also create them to stabilize the price of goods that are in high demand. The US has strategic reserves of oil and grain, while China even has a strategic pork stockpile.

正如TLDR新聞所指出的那樣，大多數戰略儲備的重點是儲存對國家經濟職能至關重要的商品。政府還可以創建它們來穩定需求量很高的商品價格。美國擁有石油和穀物的戰略儲備，而中國甚至擁有戰略性的豬肉庫存。

The Bitcoin strategic reserve does neither of these, as there is no great demand among Americans for Bitcoin, and Bitcoiners certainly don’t want the price to remain stable.

比特幣戰略儲備都沒有做到這一點，因為美國人對比特幣的需求沒有很大的需求，而比特幣的人當然不希望價格保持穩定。

George Selgin, a senior fellow and director emeritus at the Cato Institute’s Center for Monetary and Financial Alternatives, said that the reserve’s stated goal of helping pay off US national debt was unrealistic.

卡托研究所貨幣與金融替代方案的高級研究員兼校長喬治·塞爾金（George Selgin）表示，該保護區的既定目標是幫助還清美國國家債務。

“The plan’s million-coin stash would have to more than double in value during its 20-year holding period just to compensate for the plan’s implicit interest cost. Second, the stockpile must eventually be sold to realize the gains, and you can bet that the same bitcoin holders who have managed to get the government to keep the bitcoin it already has will cry foul if it ever tries to sell any new coins it acquires,” he stated.

“該計劃在20年期間，該計劃的數百萬桿儲備的價值將不得不增加一倍以上，以彌補該計劃的內在利息成本。其次，最終必須出售庫存才能實現收益，您可以敢打賭，如果要讓政府保持for for for for frip frip frip the New Coins，則可以押注同一個比特幣持有人，以獲取任何新的銷售，然後將其銷售出來。

Claims of it serving as a digital Fort Knox are “just as dubious” he said, as the gold contained therein hasn’t propped up the value of the dollar since Richard Nixon was president, taking the dollar off of the gold standard.

他說，它作為數字諾克斯堡的聲稱“同樣可疑”，因為自理查德·尼克松（Richard Nixon）擔任總統以來，其中包含的黃金並沒有支撐美元的價值，因此將美元從黃金標準中脫穎而出。

Even Bitcoiners have taken a jab at the reserve.

即使是比特幣的人也在預備役中進行了戳戳。