这么久，一分钱！特朗普命令我们在投诉数十年后抛弃1美分硬币

弗吉尼亚州里士满（美联社） - 廉价的一分钱，到处都是硬币罐和汽车杯架的中流大流，很快就不再了。

President Donald Trump on Sunday ordered his administration to cease production of the 1-cent coin, whose diminishing buying power has sparked years of debate over whether to ditch the penny.

唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）周日命令他的政府停止生产1美分的硬币，该硬币的降低的购买力引发了多年关于是否放弃一分钱的辩论。

Advocates for eliminating the penny cite its high production cost — currently almost 4 cents per penny, according to the U.S. Mint — and limited utility. Fans of the penny cite its usefulness in charity drives and relative bargain in production costs compared with the nickel, which costs almost 14 cents to mint.

倡导者消除一分钱的高产成本 - 根据美国造币厂的说法，目前每一分钱近4美分，而且公用事业有限。一分钱的粉丝们在慈善机构驱动器和生产成本相对便宜货上引用了其有用性，而镍的成本将近14美分。

Trump’s surprise order comes after decades of unsuccessful efforts to pitch the penny.

特朗普的惊喜命令是在数十年来为一分钱的努力失败的努力之后。

“Only tradition explains our stubborn attachment to the penny. But sometimes traditions get ridiculous,” the Farmers’ Almanac said in its 1989 edition.

“只有传统解释了我们对便士的顽固依恋。但是有时传统变得荒谬，”农民年鉴在1989年版中说。

Here’s a look at some questions surrounding Trump’s order.

这是有关特朗普命令的一些问题。

Can Trump really order the Treasury to stop minting pennies without Congress’ approval?

特朗普真的可以命令财政部在未经国会认可的情况下停止铸造便士吗？

Yes, according to legal scholar Laurence H. Tribe, the Carl M. Loeb University Professor of Constitutional Law Emeritus at Harvard University.

是的，根据法律学者Laurence H. Tribe的说法，哈佛大学的Carl M. Loeb大学宪法名誉教授。

U.S. code gives the Treasury Secretary the authority to mint and issue coins “in amounts the secretary decides are necessary to meet the needs of the United States.”

美国法规授予财政部长造币和发行硬币的权力“秘书决定满足美国需求的必要条件。”

If Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent decides the amount necessary for the penny is zero, he’s within his legal rights, Tribe said.

部落说，如果财政部长斯科特·贝斯特（Scott Bessent）决定一分钱所需的金额为零，那么他处于其合法权利之内。

“Unlike a lot of what the new administration has been doing pursuant to the flood of executive orders since Jan. 20, this action seems to me entirely lawful and fully constitutional,” Tribe said, referring to the aggressive executive action Trump’s taken on other issues since taking office.

部落说：“与新政府从1月20日起的行政命令泛滥的情况下，新政府一直在做什么，在我看来，这一行动似乎完全合法且完全宪法。”自上任以来。

Congress, which dictates currency specifications like the size and metal content of coins, could make Trump’s order permanent through law. But past congressional efforts to ditch the penny have failed.

国会决定货币规格之类的货币规格，例如硬币的尺寸和金属含量，可以通过法律永久地命令特朗普的命令。但是过去的国会为抛弃一分钱的努力失败了。

Pennies are mostly made of zinc, and the American zinc lobby has been a major opponent to suggestions that the penny be eliminated.

便士主要是由锌制成的，美国锌游说团一直是消除一分钱的建议。

How many pennies are in circulation?

流通多少便士？

It depends on what you mean by circulation.

这取决于您的循环含义。

Pennies are the most popular coin made by the U.S. Mint, which reported making 3.2 billion of them last year. That’s more than half of all the new coins it made last year.

便士是美国造币厂最受欢迎的硬币，该硬币据报道去年造成了32亿美元。这是去年制造的所有新硬币的一半以上。

MIT professor Jeff Gore, who founded Citizens to Retire the Penny, said coins are supposed to stay in circulation for about 30 years and that in the last three decades the U.S. Mint has made about 250 billion pennies.

麻省理工学院教授杰夫·戈尔（Jeff Gore）创立了公民退休，他说，硬币应该在流通大约30年，在过去的三十年中，美国造币厂已经赚了大约2500亿美元的便士。

But, he says, “because nobody wants to use pennies, they fall out of active circulation much faster than other coins.”

但是，他说：“因为没有人愿意使用便士，所以它们从积极的循环中掉出来比其他硬币快得多。”

If pennies sit in drawer for a decade, Gore asks, “Does that qualify as being in circulation?”

如果便士在抽屉里坐了十年，戈尔问：“这是否有资格流通？”

Will Americans miss pennies?

美国人会想念便士吗？

The experience in other countries suggests no.

在其他国家的经验建议否。

Canada started phasing out its penny a dozen years ago and urged store owners to round prices to the nearest nickel for cash transactions. Electronic purchases were still billed to the nearest cent. The move came after New Zealand, Australia, the Netherlands, and others dropped their lowest-denomination coins.

加拿大一年前就开始淘汰其一分钱，并敦促商店所有者将价格汇总到最近的镍进行现金交易。电子购买仍被计入最近的美分。此举是在新西兰，澳大利亚，荷兰和其他人放弃了最低的宗派硬币之后。

After dropping the penny or its equivalent, those countries have not looked back.

在放下一分钱或同等的一分钱之后，这些国家没有回头。

What comes next?

接下来是什么？

Trump’s order, which he announced in a social media post as he was departing New Orleans after watching the first half of the Super Bowl, was the latest in his administration’s rapid-fire efforts to cut government costs.

特朗普的命令是他在观看超级碗上半场后离开新奥尔良时在社交媒体帖子中宣布的，这是他政府在削减政府成本的迅速努力中的最新命令。

“Let’s rip the waste out of our great nation’s budget, even if it’s a penny at a time,” Trump wrote in his post, which was light on details about plans for a post-penny future.

特朗普在他的帖子中写道：“让我们从我们伟大的国家的预算中撕下废物，即使是一分钱。”

After Canada stopped minting new pennies, it began recycling them for their “valuable” copper and zinc, according to a 2022 report from the Canadian Mint.

根据加拿大造币厂的2022年报告，加拿大停止造币新美分后，它开始将它们回收为“有价值的”铜和锌。