PDVSA 在美国重新实施石油制裁期间利用数字货币

在美国重新实施石油制裁的情况下，委内瑞拉国家石油公司 (PDVSA) 计划加强原油出口对加密货币的依赖。自去年以来，PDVSA 已将石油销售转向 USDT（Tether），旨在减轻与冻结销售收益相关的风险。尽管美元仍然是全球首选石油货币，但 PDVSA 实施了一种合约模式，要求在现货石油交易中以 USDT 预付款 50%。越来越多地使用中介机构来促进 USDT 交易，使得 PDVSA 能够规避制裁，但可能会导致收入减少。

Venezuela's PDVSA Embraces Digital Currencies Amid Renewed US Oil Sanctions

委内瑞拉国家石油公司 (PDVSA) 在美国重新实施石油制裁之际拥抱数字货币

In the face of reimposed US oil sanctions, Venezuela's state-owned oil company PDVSA is bolstering its reliance on digital currencies, particularly Tether (USDT), to mitigate the impact on its crude and fuel exports. This strategic shift marks a notable escalation in PDVSA's efforts to circumvent financial restrictions and sustain its oil operations.

面对美国重新实施的石油制裁，委内瑞拉国有石油公司 PDVSA 正在加强对数字货币的依赖，特别是 Tether (USDT)，以减轻对其原油和燃料出口的影响。这一战略转变标志着委内瑞拉国家石油公司规避金融限制和维持其石油业务的努力显着升级。

US Sanctions Tighten the Screws on Venezuela

美国加强对委内瑞拉的制裁

The US Treasury Department's recent decision not to renew a general license for PDVSA customers and providers has dealt a blow to Venezuela's oil industry. The deadline of May 31st gives companies a limited window to wind down transactions, creating significant challenges for PDVSA's revenue streams. The need to obtain individual US authorizations for business dealings with Venezuela further complicates the situation.

美国财政部最近决定不再为 PDVSA 客户和供应商续签一般许可证，这对委内瑞拉石油工业造成了打击。 5 月 31 日的最后期限给公司提供了有限的时间来结束交易，这给 PDVSA 的收入流带来了重大挑战。与委内瑞拉进行商业往来需要获得美国的单独授权，这使得情况进一步复杂化。

PDVSA's Digital Currency Pivot

PDVSA 的数字货币支点

Since 2022, PDVSA has steadily increased its reliance on USDT in oil sales. This shift has gained momentum with the reinstatement of oil sanctions, as PDVSA seeks to minimize the risk of frozen assets in foreign bank accounts. PDVSA's strategy involves shifting spot oil deals to a contract model that mandates prepayment for half of each cargo's value in USDT.

自2022年以来，PDVSA在石油销售方面对USDT的依赖稳步增加。随着石油制裁的恢复，这种转变得到了推动，因为委内瑞拉国家石油公司力求将外国银行账户中资产冻结的风险降至最低。 PDVSA 的战略包括将现货石油交易转变为合同模式，要求以 USDT 预付款每批货物价值的一半。

Tether's Growing Popularity in Oil Trade

Tether 在石油贸易中越来越受欢迎

Despite the prevalence of the US dollar in global oil transactions, PDVSA's adoption of USDT underscores the growing appeal of digital currencies in this sector. Tether, a stablecoin pegged to the US dollar, has emerged as a preferred payment method due to its ability to bypass banking compliance hurdles that often arise in the wake of sanctions.

尽管美元在全球石油交易中占据主导地位，但 PDVSA 采用 USDT 凸显了数字货币在该领域日益增长的吸引力。 Tether 是一种与美元挂钩的稳定币，因其能够绕过制裁后经常出现的银行合规障碍而成为首选支付方式。

Middlemen Play a Crucial Role

中间商发挥着至关重要的作用

While PDVSA's shift to digital currencies provides a lifeline for its oil exports, it also entails increased reliance on intermediaries. This reliance has the potential to diminish the amount of oil revenue reaching PDVSA's coffers. However, Minister Pedro Tellechea remains optimistic, stating that PDVSA possesses "a big strength in trading" and is ready to adapt to the new sanctions regime.

虽然PDVSA转向数字货币为其石油出口提供了生命线，但也增加了对中介机构的依赖。这种依赖可能会减少委内瑞拉国家石油公司金库的石油收入。不过，佩德罗·特莱切亚部长仍保持乐观态度，表示委内瑞拉国家石油公司拥有“强大的贸易实力”，并已准备好适应新的制裁制度。

Industry Analysts Express Cautious Optimism

行业分析师表示谨慎乐观

Oil analysts acknowledge the potential for digital currencies to alleviate some of the pressure from US sanctions. However, they also predict that Venezuela's oil output, exports, and revenue will eventually reach a ceiling, even with timely individual authorizations from Washington. The use of Tether, despite its popularity among crypto users and others seeking to avoid traditional financial institutions, has raised concerns about its potential role in money laundering, according to the United Nations.

石油分析师承认数字货币有可能减轻美国制裁带来的部分压力。然而，他们还预测，即使华盛顿及时给予个别授权，委内瑞拉的石油产量、出口和收入最终也将达到上限。联合国称，尽管 Tether 在加密货币用户和其他寻求避开传统金融机构的人中很受欢迎，但它的使用引起了人们对其在洗钱方面潜在作用的担忧。

Tether's Market Dominance and Controversies

Tether 的市场主导地位和争议

Tether, with a market capitalization exceeding $100 billion, stands as the world's leading stablecoin. Its popularity stems from its ability to mitigate cryptocurrency volatility, but it has also drawn scrutiny due to concerns about its transparency and reserves. The United Nations' recent warning about its use in money laundering further adds to Tether's checkered reputation.

Tether 市值超过 1000 亿美元，是全球领先的稳定币。它的受欢迎程度源于其减轻加密货币波动性的能力，但由于对其透明度和储备的担忧，它也受到了密切关注。联合国最近对其用于洗钱的警告进一步加剧了 Tether 的声誉。

Venezuela Embraces Cryptocurrencies to Counter Sanctions

委内瑞拉拥抱加密货币以应对制裁

Venezuela's PDVSA is not alone in embracing cryptocurrencies to circumvent sanctions. Iran, another country facing severe economic restrictions, has also explored digital currencies as a means of sustenance. PDVSA's strategic shift serves as a testament to the growing role of cryptocurrencies in challenging traditional financial systems and facilitating international trade, albeit with potential risks and uncertainties still looming.

委内瑞拉国家石油公司 (PDVSA) 并不是唯一一家采用加密货币来规避制裁的国家。另一个面临严格经济限制的国家伊朗也探索将数字货币作为一种生存手段。 PDVSA 的战略转变证明了加密货币在挑战传统金融体系和促进国际贸易方面的作用日益增强，尽管潜在风险和不确定性仍然存在。