闪电网络：固定在比特币网络的辅助网络

巨型保真度在闪电网络上发布了一份乐观的报告，该网络可以立即且几乎免费的比特币交易。

The Lightning Network is a secondary network anchored to the Bitcoin network that increases transaction throughput and payment privacy. It compensates for the slowness and sometimes high fees of “on-chain” transactions. In jargon, this is referred to as “Layer 1” and “Layer 2.” Layer 1 is the Bitcoin blockchain, while Layer 2 is the Lightning network.

Lightning Network是锚定在比特币网络上的辅助网络，可增加事务吞吐量和付款隐私。它弥补了“链”交易的缓慢，有时甚至是高费用。在术语中，这称为“第1层”和“第2层”。第1层是比特币区块链，而第2层是闪电网络。

The Bitcoin network is designed to generate a transaction block every 10 minutes. Each block can weigh up to 4 MB, or about 3,000 transactions. This is little, but by design. It would have been very easy to increase the size of the blocks, but at the cost of decentralization.

比特币网络旨在每10分钟生成一次交易块。每个块可以重达4 MB，即大约3,000个交易。这很少，但是通过设计。增加块的大小将非常容易，但要付出权力下放的代价。

The possibility of increasing block size has long been debated and led in 2017 to the BCH (Bitcoin Cash) fork. It was unsuccessful as one BCH is now worth 0.3% of one BTC. The market deemed that a blockchain with unlimited block sizes would undermine decentralization.

长期以来，人们一直在争论增加块规模的可能性，并于2017年引入BCH（比特币现金）叉。这是不成功的，因为一个BCH现在价值一个BTC的0.3％。市场认为具有无限块大小的区块链将破坏权力下放。

Decentralization relies on the existence of numerous nodes that form the backbone of the Bitcoin network. They validate transactions and ensure that the protocol is strictly followed, especially the limit of 21 million BTC.

权力下放取决于构成比特币网络骨干的众多节点的存在。他们验证交易并确保严格遵循该协议，尤其是2100万BTC的限制。

However, the number of nodes is directly proportional to their cost, which depends on the memory required to store the blockchain (currently 630 GB). Increasing block size would increase this cost and ruin the decentralization without which bitcoin would be worthless.

但是，节点的数量与成本成正比，这取决于存储区块链所需的内存（当前630 GB）。增加的块大小将增加这一成本，并破坏权力下放，没有比特币将毫无价值。

Developers like Thaddeus Dryja thus proposed the Lightning Network where transactions take a fraction of a second for negligible fees. All of this without compromising the fundamental properties of Bitcoin (decentralization).

因此，像Thaddeus Dryja这样的开发人员提出了闪电网络，在该网络中，交易的一秒钟可忽略不计。所有这些都不损害比特币（分权）的基本特性。