閃電網絡：固定在比特幣網絡的輔助網絡

巨型保真度在閃電網絡上發布了一份樂觀的報告，該網絡可以立即且幾乎免費的比特幣交易。

The Lightning Network is a secondary network anchored to the Bitcoin network that increases transaction throughput and payment privacy. It compensates for the slowness and sometimes high fees of “on-chain” transactions. In jargon, this is referred to as “Layer 1” and “Layer 2.” Layer 1 is the Bitcoin blockchain, while Layer 2 is the Lightning network.

Lightning Network是錨定在比特幣網絡上的輔助網絡，可增加事務吞吐量和付款隱私。它彌補了“鏈”交易的緩慢，有時甚至是高費用。在術語中，這稱為“第1層”和“第2層”。第1層是比特幣區塊鏈，而第2層是閃電網絡。

The Bitcoin network is designed to generate a transaction block every 10 minutes. Each block can weigh up to 4 MB, or about 3,000 transactions. This is little, but by design. It would have been very easy to increase the size of the blocks, but at the cost of decentralization.

比特幣網絡旨在每10分鐘生成一次交易塊。每個塊可以重達4 MB，即大約3,000個交易。這很少，但是通過設計。增加塊的大小將非常容易，但要付出權力下放的代價。

The possibility of increasing block size has long been debated and led in 2017 to the BCH (Bitcoin Cash) fork. It was unsuccessful as one BCH is now worth 0.3% of one BTC. The market deemed that a blockchain with unlimited block sizes would undermine decentralization.

長期以來，人們一直在爭論增加塊規模的可能性，並於2017年引入BCH（比特幣現金）叉。這是不成功的，因為一個BCH現在價值一個BTC的0.3％。市場認為具有無限塊大小的區塊鏈將破壞分散的分散化。

Decentralization relies on the existence of numerous nodes that form the backbone of the Bitcoin network. They validate transactions and ensure that the protocol is strictly followed, especially the limit of 21 million BTC.

權力下放取決於構成比特幣網絡骨幹的眾多節點的存在。他們驗證交易並確保嚴格遵循該協議，尤其是2100萬BTC的限制。

However, the number of nodes is directly proportional to their cost, which depends on the memory required to store the blockchain (currently 630 GB). Increasing block size would increase this cost and ruin the decentralization without which bitcoin would be worthless.

但是，節點的數量與成本成正比，這取決於存儲區塊鏈所需的內存（當前630 GB）。增加的塊大小將增加這一成本，並破壞權力下放，沒有比特幣將毫無價值。

Developers like Thaddeus Dryja thus proposed the Lightning Network where transactions take a fraction of a second for negligible fees. All of this without compromising the fundamental properties of Bitcoin (decentralization).

因此，像Thaddeus Dryja這樣的開發人員提出了閃電網絡，在該網絡中，交易的一秒鐘可忽略不計。所有這些都不損害比特幣（分權）的基本特性。