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Christopher Koopman 是 Cointelegraph 的客座专栏作家,也是 Abundance Institute 的首席执行官。
As the dust settled on the Soviet Union's collapse in the early 1990s, Estonia emerged from the wreckage as a newly independent nation. While many former Soviet republics were preoccupied with rebuilding their economies and governance structures, Estonia recognized a unique opportunity: the potential of digital technology to spearhead its transformation. This small Baltic nation viewed the internet not merely as a tool for communication but as a means to reimagine governance, citizen engagement, and economic growth.
20世纪90年代初,随着苏联解体的尘埃落定,爱沙尼亚作为一个新独立的国家从废墟中崛起。尽管许多前苏联加盟共和国都专注于重建经济和治理结构,但爱沙尼亚认识到了一个独特的机会:数字技术引领其转型的潜力。这个波罗的海小国不仅将互联网视为沟通工具,而且将其视为重新构想治理、公民参与和经济增长的手段。
This decision to embrace the internet early and fully was not born solely out of necessity but was fueled by the belief that technology could play a central role in shaping the nation's future. Estonia's transformation became known as e-Estonia — a digital society built on the foundations of the internet. This past 30 years hasn't been about adopting new tools and platforms. It was about using the internet to create a more democratic, transparent, and efficient society. Citizens have been given the ability to vote online, pay taxes, sign legal documents, and access nearly all government services (except divorce filings). This digital infrastructure increased transparency and accountability, while making government services more accessible to all citizens. And it made Estonia one of the most technologically advanced societies in the world.
尽早全面拥抱互联网的决定并非完全出于必要,而是因为相信技术可以在塑造国家未来方面发挥核心作用。爱沙尼亚的转型被称为“电子爱沙尼亚”——一个建立在互联网基础上的数字社会。过去 30 年并没有采用新的工具和平台。它是关于利用互联网创建一个更加民主、透明和高效的社会。公民可以在线投票、纳税、签署法律文件以及获得几乎所有政府服务(离婚申请除外)。这种数字基础设施提高了透明度和问责制,同时使所有公民更容易获得政府服务。它使爱沙尼亚成为世界上技术最先进的社会之一。
Several key factors were crucial to Estonia's success. Estonia placed a strong emphasis on technical literacy and took a proactive approach, promoting digital literacy and ensuring that everyone had access to the internet. This included free computer training to 10% of the adult population and teaching computer programming to students starting at age seven. As a result, Estonians seem far more open to adopting digital tools and are capable of using them effectively.
有几个关键因素对爱沙尼亚的成功至关重要。爱沙尼亚高度重视技术素养,并采取积极主动的方式,促进数字素养并确保每个人都能接入互联网。其中包括向 10% 的成年人提供免费计算机培训,以及向 7 岁以上的学生教授计算机编程。因此,爱沙尼亚人似乎更愿意采用数字工具,并且能够有效地使用它们。
More importantly, Estonia established a legal and regulatory framework that encouraged innovation and reduced friction for technological development. By creating policies that favored innovation, Estonia fostered an ecosystem where both public and private sectors could thrive in the digital age.
更重要的是,爱沙尼亚建立了鼓励创新并减少技术发展摩擦的法律和监管框架。通过制定有利于创新的政策,爱沙尼亚培育了一个公共和私营部门都能在数字时代蓬勃发展的生态系统。
The impact has been profound. In one generation, Estonia became a global leader in e-governance, as well as personal and economic freedom. Estonia serves as an example of how smaller nations can punch above their weight by using technology to enhance their economic and political standing. More than anything, it serves as a powerful reminder: Those that embrace technological revolutions early and boldly are the ones who shape the future.
影响是深远的。在一代人的时间里,爱沙尼亚成为电子政务以及个人和经济自由领域的全球领导者。爱沙尼亚是小国如何通过利用技术提高经济和政治地位来超越自身实力的典范。最重要的是,它有力地提醒我们:那些尽早大胆拥抱技术革命的人,才是塑造未来的人。
Today, we’re at a similar crossroads here in the United States. The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) are providing a unique opportunity for nations to reinvent themselves. It is not merely another technological advancement; it represents a foundational shift that has the power to transform industries, governance, and society as a whole.
今天,我们在美国正处于类似的十字路口。人工智能(AI)的快速进步为各国重塑自我提供了独特的机会。这不仅是另一项技术进步,更是一项技术进步。它代表了一种根本性的转变,有能力改变行业、治理和整个社会。
However, to lead the world, the US must make a deliberate choice to embrace this opportunity with vision and boldness.
然而,要引领世界,美国必须做出深思熟虑的选择,以远见和勇气来拥抱这一机遇。
For the US to harness the full potential of AI, it must prioritize permissionless innovation, focus on removing bottlenecks to technological development, and adopt a citizen-centric approach to governance. This means creating an environment that promotes open innovation, where barriers to entry for innovators are minimized and technological development is not stifled by outdated regulations.
美国要充分发挥人工智能的潜力,必须优先考虑无需许可的创新,专注于消除技术发展的瓶颈,并采取以公民为中心的治理方法。这意味着创造一个促进开放式创新的环境,最大限度地减少创新者的进入壁垒,并且过时的法规不会阻碍技术发展。
The window of opportunity is narrow. Nations like China are already making substantial investments to dominate this field. The question is not whether AI will transform the world, but who will lead the transformation.
机会之窗很窄。像中国这样的国家已经进行了大量投资以主导这一领域。问题不在于人工智能是否会改变世界,而在于谁将引领这一转变。
If the US embraces AI with the same forward-thinking spirit that Estonia applied to the internet, it can establish itself as a global leader in AI development, governance, and innovation. It can also cement a citizen-first approach that will also be crucial to ensure that AI serves as a tool for empowerment rather than control. But we must act quickly and decisively.
如果美国以爱沙尼亚对待互联网的前瞻性思维精神拥抱人工智能,它就能成为人工智能开发、治理和创新的全球领导者。它还可以巩固公民优先的方法,这对于确保人工智能成为赋权而不是控制的工具也至关重要。但我们必须迅速果断地采取行动。
The path forward is not without challenges. However, by learning from Estonia's experience and adopting a bold and visionary approach, the US can become the architect of the AI age. In doing so, it can shape a future where AI serves humanity, drives progress, and unlocks new possibilities — just as Estonia did with the internet decades ago.
前进的道路并非没有挑战。然而,通过学习爱沙尼亚的经验并采取大胆而富有远见的方法,美国可以成为人工智能时代的建筑师。通过这样做,它可以塑造一个人工智能为人类服务、推动进步并释放新可能性的未来——就像爱沙尼亚几十年前对互联网所做的那样。
Christopher Koopman is a guest columnist for Cointelegraph and the CEO of the Abundance Institute. He was previously the executive director at the Center for Growth and Opportunity at Utah State University, and a senior research fellow and director of the technology policy program at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University. He is currently a senior affiliated scholar with the Mercatus Center and a member of the IT and Emerging Technology Working Group at the Federalist Society’s Regulatory Transparency Project.
Christopher Koopman 是 Cointelegraph 的客座专栏作家,也是 Abundance Institute 的首席执行官。他曾担任犹他州立大学增长与机会中心执行董事、乔治梅森大学莫卡图斯中心技术政策项目高级研究员兼主任。他目前是 Mercatus 中心的高级附属学者,也是联邦党人协会监管透明度项目 IT 和新兴技术工作组的成员。
This article is for general information purposes and is not intended to be and should not be taken as legal or investment advice. The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed here are the author’s alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.
本文仅供一般信息参考,无意也不应被视为法律或投资建议。这里表达的观点、想法和意见仅代表作者个人观点,并不一定反映或代表Cointelegraph的观点和意见。
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