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Christopher Koopman 是 Cointelegraph 的客座專欄作家,也是 Abundance Institute 的執行長。
As the dust settled on the Soviet Union's collapse in the early 1990s, Estonia emerged from the wreckage as a newly independent nation. While many former Soviet republics were preoccupied with rebuilding their economies and governance structures, Estonia recognized a unique opportunity: the potential of digital technology to spearhead its transformation. This small Baltic nation viewed the internet not merely as a tool for communication but as a means to reimagine governance, citizen engagement, and economic growth.
1990年代初,隨著蘇聯解體的塵埃落定,愛沙尼亞作為一個新獨立的國家從廢墟中崛起。儘管許多前蘇聯加盟共和國都專注於重建經濟和治理結構,但愛沙尼亞認識到了一個獨特的機會:數位技術引領其轉型的潛力。這個波羅的海小國不僅將網路視為溝通工具,也將其視為重新構想治理、公民參與和經濟成長的手段。
This decision to embrace the internet early and fully was not born solely out of necessity but was fueled by the belief that technology could play a central role in shaping the nation's future. Estonia's transformation became known as e-Estonia — a digital society built on the foundations of the internet. This past 30 years hasn't been about adopting new tools and platforms. It was about using the internet to create a more democratic, transparent, and efficient society. Citizens have been given the ability to vote online, pay taxes, sign legal documents, and access nearly all government services (except divorce filings). This digital infrastructure increased transparency and accountability, while making government services more accessible to all citizens. And it made Estonia one of the most technologically advanced societies in the world.
儘早全面擁抱網路的決定並非完全出於必要,而是因為相信科技可以在塑造國家未來方面發揮核心作用。愛沙尼亞的轉型被稱為「電子愛沙尼亞」——一個建立在網路基礎上的數位社會。過去 30 年並沒有採用新的工具和平台。它是關於利用網路創造一個更民主、透明和高效的社會。公民可以在線投票、納稅、簽署法律文件以及獲得幾乎所有政府服務(離婚申請除外)。這種數位基礎設施提高了透明度和問責制,同時使所有公民更容易獲得政府服務。它使愛沙尼亞成為世界上技術最先進的社會之一。
Several key factors were crucial to Estonia's success. Estonia placed a strong emphasis on technical literacy and took a proactive approach, promoting digital literacy and ensuring that everyone had access to the internet. This included free computer training to 10% of the adult population and teaching computer programming to students starting at age seven. As a result, Estonians seem far more open to adopting digital tools and are capable of using them effectively.
有幾個關鍵因素對愛沙尼亞的成功至關重要。愛沙尼亞高度重視科技素養,並採取積極主動的方式,促進數位素養並確保每個人都能上網。其中包括向 10% 的成年人提供免費電腦培訓,以及向 7 歲以上的學生教授電腦程式設計。因此,愛沙尼亞人似乎更願意採用數位工具,並且能夠有效地使用它們。
More importantly, Estonia established a legal and regulatory framework that encouraged innovation and reduced friction for technological development. By creating policies that favored innovation, Estonia fostered an ecosystem where both public and private sectors could thrive in the digital age.
更重要的是,愛沙尼亞建立了鼓勵創新並減少技術發展摩擦的法律和監管框架。透過制定有利於創新的政策,愛沙尼亞培育了一個公共和私營部門都能在數位時代蓬勃發展的生態系統。
The impact has been profound. In one generation, Estonia became a global leader in e-governance, as well as personal and economic freedom. Estonia serves as an example of how smaller nations can punch above their weight by using technology to enhance their economic and political standing. More than anything, it serves as a powerful reminder: Those that embrace technological revolutions early and boldly are the ones who shape the future.
影響是深遠的。在一代人的時間裡,愛沙尼亞成為電子化政府以及個人和經濟自由領域的全球領導者。愛沙尼亞是小國如何利用科技提高經濟和政治地位來超越自身實力的典範。最重要的是,它有力地提醒我們:那些儘早大膽擁抱科技革命的人,才是塑造未來的人。
Today, we’re at a similar crossroads here in the United States. The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) are providing a unique opportunity for nations to reinvent themselves. It is not merely another technological advancement; it represents a foundational shift that has the power to transform industries, governance, and society as a whole.
今天,我們在美國正處於類似的十字路口。人工智慧(AI)的快速進步為各國重塑自我提供了獨特的機會。這不僅是另一項技術進步,更是一項技術進步。它代表了一種根本性的轉變,有能力改變產業、治理和整個社會。
However, to lead the world, the US must make a deliberate choice to embrace this opportunity with vision and boldness.
然而,要引領世界,美國必須做出深思熟慮的選擇,以遠見和勇氣來擁抱這一機會。
For the US to harness the full potential of AI, it must prioritize permissionless innovation, focus on removing bottlenecks to technological development, and adopt a citizen-centric approach to governance. This means creating an environment that promotes open innovation, where barriers to entry for innovators are minimized and technological development is not stifled by outdated regulations.
美國要充分發揮人工智慧的潛力,必須優先考慮無需許可的創新,專注於消除技術發展的瓶頸,並採取以公民為中心的治理方法。這意味著創造一個促進開放式創新的環境,最大限度地減少創新者的進入壁壘,而過時的法規不會阻礙技術發展。
The window of opportunity is narrow. Nations like China are already making substantial investments to dominate this field. The question is not whether AI will transform the world, but who will lead the transformation.
機會之窗很窄。像中國這樣的國家已經進行了大量投資以主導這一領域。問題不在於人工智慧是否會改變世界,而在於誰將引領這項轉變。
If the US embraces AI with the same forward-thinking spirit that Estonia applied to the internet, it can establish itself as a global leader in AI development, governance, and innovation. It can also cement a citizen-first approach that will also be crucial to ensure that AI serves as a tool for empowerment rather than control. But we must act quickly and decisively.
如果美國以愛沙尼亞對待網路的前瞻性思維精神擁抱人工智慧,它就能成為人工智慧開發、治理和創新的全球領導者。它還可以鞏固公民優先的方法,這對於確保人工智慧成為賦權而不是控制的工具也至關重要。但我們必須迅速果斷地採取行動。
The path forward is not without challenges. However, by learning from Estonia's experience and adopting a bold and visionary approach, the US can become the architect of the AI age. In doing so, it can shape a future where AI serves humanity, drives progress, and unlocks new possibilities — just as Estonia did with the internet decades ago.
前進的道路並非沒有挑戰。然而,透過學習愛沙尼亞的經驗並採取大膽而富有遠見的方法,美國可以成為人工智慧時代的建築師。透過這樣做,它可以塑造一個人工智慧為人類服務、推動進步並釋放新可能性的未來——就像愛沙尼亞幾十年前對網路所做的那樣。
Christopher Koopman is a guest columnist for Cointelegraph and the CEO of the Abundance Institute. He was previously the executive director at the Center for Growth and Opportunity at Utah State University, and a senior research fellow and director of the technology policy program at the Mercatus Center at George Mason University. He is currently a senior affiliated scholar with the Mercatus Center and a member of the IT and Emerging Technology Working Group at the Federalist Society’s Regulatory Transparency Project.
Christopher Koopman 是 Cointelegraph 的客座專欄作家,也是 Abundance Institute 的執行長。他曾擔任猶他州立大學成長與機會中心執行董事、喬治梅森大學莫卡圖斯中心技術政策計畫資深研究員兼董事。他目前是 Mercatus 中心的高級附屬學者,也是聯邦黨人協會監管透明度計畫 IT 和新興技術工作小組的成員。
This article is for general information purposes and is not intended to be and should not be taken as legal or investment advice. The views, thoughts, and opinions expressed here are the author’s alone and do not necessarily reflect or represent the views and opinions of Cointelegraph.
本文僅供一般資訊參考,無意也不應被視為法律或投資建議。這裡表達的觀點、想法和意見僅代表作者個人觀點,不一定反映或代表Cointelegraph的觀點和意見。
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