独奏开采成功的不可能

3月10日，他设法使用了一个小的，299美元的设置，每秒（TH/s）的功率仅0.48 Terahashes来解决比特币块。

In the competitive realm of cryptocurrency mining, where the quest for mining Bitcoin blocks is fierce and claimed more often by huge mining businesses, a single miner recently pulled off something nearly unthinkable.

在加密货币采矿的竞争领域中，对采矿比特币块的追求非常猛烈，并且经常被庞大的采矿业宣称，一位矿工最近采取了几乎无法想象的东西。

On March 10, he managed to use a small, $299 setup and only 0.48 terahashes per second (TH/s) of hash power to solve a Bitcoin block. This earned him an incredible—and incredibly rare—reward: 3.15 BTC, which at the time was worth about $260,000. It looks like luck. Indeed, it is luck. But it’s also a tutorial for how and why Bitcoin mining can happen on a very small scale, even in a world where most of the mining is done by huge operations using vast amounts of electricity.

3月10日，他设法使用了一个小的，299美元的设置，每秒（TH/s）的功率仅0.48 Terahashes来解决比特币块。这为他赢得了一个令人难以置信的（非常罕见）的回报：3.15 BTC，当时价值约260,000美元。看起来很幸运。确实，这是运气。但这也是一个教程，讲述了如何以及为什么比特币采矿在很小的规模上进行，即使在大多数采矿是通过大量使用大量电力来完成的世界。

The chances of actually mining a Bitcoin block with such a low hash rate are almost nonexistent—approximately 1 in 1.6 billion, or once every 31,240 years, if you mine nonstop. Despite these crazy odds, this event reminds us that mining Bitcoin by yourself, if you ever actually could, is something you can still do, though only under very rare conditions.

实际上以如此低的哈希速率挖掘比特币块的机会几乎不存在 - 如果您不间断地挖掘，则有16亿或每31240年一次或每31240年一次。尽管存在这些疯狂的困难，但此事件使我们想起自己开采比特币（如果您实际上可以）仍然可以做的事情，尽管只有在非常罕见的条件下。

It also shows how powerful mining pools have become and how almost hopeless the situation is for the individual miner in today’s Bitcoin network.

它还显示了采矿池变得有多强大，以及在当今比特币网络中个人矿工几乎没有希望。

The Improbability of Solo Mining Success

独奏开采成功的不可能

An industry in which bitcoin miners compete to add blocks to the blockchain by solving cryptographic puzzles has emerged from the bitcoin network. The bitcoin network itself thrives on competition. Competitors are bitcoin miners, and their very act of mining, when concentrated, tends to create a series of powerful bitcoin mining farms. These farms need a lot of electricity to operate, and they tend to operate where electricity is cheap and where it is, in effect, a renewable resource—that is, where power plants can produce electricity that is clean (wind, solar, hydro) and constantly available (like efficient, clean natural-gas peaker plants, which fire up when demand surges). A bitcoin mining farm is kind of like an airplane hangar full of gigantic servers ready to crunch numbers and do useful work, in this case, solve the bitcoin puzzles.

比特币网络中出现了一个通过解决加密难题来通过解决加密难题来增加区块链的行业。比特币网络本身在竞争中蓬勃发展。竞争对手是比特币矿工，他们的采矿行为（集中）倾向于创建一系列强大的比特币采矿农场。这些农场需要大量的电力才能运行，并且它们倾向于在电力便宜的地方运行，并且实际上是可再生资源的地方，也就是说，发电厂可以生产清洁的电力（风，太阳能，水电）并不断可用（例如有效的，例如，清洁自然气体的峰值植物，在需求急需时会发火）。比特币采矿农场有点像一个装满巨大的服务器的飞机机库，准备纠正数字并做有用的工作，在这种情况下，可以解决比特币难题。

To put it into perspective, a miner with 0.48 TH/s of hash power—like the one who struck gold on March 10—is operating at an extraordinarily low rate compared to the standard hash power used by professional mining farms. Large mining operations, which can operate with hundreds of petahashes per second (PH/s), are capable of mining Bitcoin blocks at an exponentially faster rate.

从角度来看，与专业采矿农场使用的标准哈希功率相比，具有0.48/s哈希功率的矿工（例如3月10日敲打黄金的人）的运行速度非常低。大型采矿作业可以用每秒数百个petahashes（pH/s）运行，能够以指数速度的速度开采比特币块。

Mining a Bitcoin block becomes harder to do for the average person, yet takes no less than effort if one wishes to earn this crypto. So who has the hash?

为普通人开采比特币块变得更难做到，但是如果一个人希望赚取这个加密货币，则需要付出的努力。那么谁有哈希？

The power of hashing has been left in the hands of computer-relying behemoths bursting at the seams with technology and human capital across the world. Your attempt to mine on, say, a laptop or even a powerful desktop in 2023 would end in negligible returns, if not total failure. Yet only a decade ago, enough computing power lived in human basements that some solos actually struck digital gold.

哈希的力量留在了全世界的技术和人力资本的接缝爆发的手中。您试图在2023年挖掘笔记本电脑甚至强大的台式机，即使不是完全失败，也会以可忽略的回报结束。然而，仅仅十年前，足够多的计算能力才生活在人类地下室中，一些独奏实际上击中了数字黄金。

For instance, the chances of solo mining for success are so slim that you would have to mine continuously and nonstop for 31,240 years to even hope to strike a successful solo mining endeavor. This places a cap on the total amount of Bitcoin you could potentially earn through solo mining—unless, of course, you are a super miner with an inhuman capacity for the dedicated mining labor of half a generation.

例如，成功开采成功的机会是如此苗条，以至于您必须不断地挖掘31,240年的时间，甚至希望能够成功进行成功的独奏矿业努力。这给了您可能通过独奏开采赚取的总比特币数量的上限，除非，除非，否则您是一名超级矿工，具有不人道的能力，即专门的矿业劳动力为半代。

The Impact of Mining Pools on Bitcoin Mining

采矿池对比特币采矿的影响

When a lone miner discovers a block, it starkly illustrates how different solo mining is from pool mining. Mining pools—where individual miners combine their hash power and share equally in the rewards—are the preferred way of mining in today’s Bitcoin ecosystem. Mining layered on top of a mining pool dramatically increases your chances of receiving a steady stream of payouts. The rope of hash power that a pool hangs over the mining frontier for Bitcoin allows the pool to discover blocks on a much more regular basis than any single miner would. And a discovery by a solo miner reminds us that with all these discoveries, the Bitcoin blockchain is continuing to extend out into the unmined territories.

当一个孤独的矿工发现一个块时，它明确地说明了与泳池采矿的不同独奏矿山的不同。采矿池（各个矿工都结合了哈希的力量并在奖励中平等分享）是当今比特币生态系统中采矿的首选方式。采矿池顶部的采矿大幅度增加了您获得稳定支出的机会。游泳池悬挂在比特币的采矿边界上的哈希功率的绳索使游泳池可以比任何单个矿工更常规地发现块。一个独奏矿工的发现提醒我们，随着所有这些发现，比特币区块链将继续扩展到未层面的领土。

A typical mining pool consists of thousands of miners and their hardware, creating a combined hash power that can span several petahashes per second. These pools then divide the reward proportionally among all the contributors, based on their individual hash power. This setup has made it incredibly hard for solo miners to compete, unless they’re either outfitted with significant hardware or have access to substantial financial resources. Mining pools also allow for more predictable and stable earnings, which is why they’re so widely used by miners around the world.

一个典型的采矿池由成千上万的矿工及其硬件组成，创造了一种组合的哈希功率，该功率可以跨越每秒几个petahash。然后，这些池基于他们的个人哈希力量，将奖励按比例分配给所有贡献者。这种设置使独奏矿工很难竞争，除非他们配备了重要的硬件或可以使用大量财务资源。采矿池还允许更多可预测和稳定的收入，这就是为什么它们如此广泛地被世界各地的矿工使用的原因。

Nevertheless, even with the clear advantages of mining pools, the story of a solo miner striking it rich on March 10 shows that all hope is not lost for solo miners. With

尽管如此，即使有了矿山池的明显优势，一个独奏矿工在3月10日震撼人心的故事表明，所有希望并没有丢失独行矿工。和