獨奏開採成功的不可能

3月10日，他設法使用了一個小的，299美元的設置，每秒（TH/s）的功率僅0.48 Terahashes來解決比特幣塊。

In the competitive realm of cryptocurrency mining, where the quest for mining Bitcoin blocks is fierce and claimed more often by huge mining businesses, a single miner recently pulled off something nearly unthinkable.

在加密貨幣採礦的競爭領域中，對採礦比特幣塊的追求非常猛烈，並且經常被龐大的採礦業宣稱，一位礦工最近採取了幾乎無法想像的東西。

On March 10, he managed to use a small, $299 setup and only 0.48 terahashes per second (TH/s) of hash power to solve a Bitcoin block. This earned him an incredible—and incredibly rare—reward: 3.15 BTC, which at the time was worth about $260,000. It looks like luck. Indeed, it is luck. But it’s also a tutorial for how and why Bitcoin mining can happen on a very small scale, even in a world where most of the mining is done by huge operations using vast amounts of electricity.

3月10日，他設法使用了一個小的，299美元的設置，每秒（TH/s）的功率僅0.48 Terahashes來解決比特幣塊。這為他贏得了一個令人難以置信的（非常罕見）的回報：3.15 BTC，當時價值約260,000美元。看起來很幸運。確實，這是運氣。但這也是一個教程，講述瞭如何以及為什麼比特幣採礦在很小的規模上進行，即使在大多數採礦是通過大量使用大量電力來完成的世界。

The chances of actually mining a Bitcoin block with such a low hash rate are almost nonexistent—approximately 1 in 1.6 billion, or once every 31,240 years, if you mine nonstop. Despite these crazy odds, this event reminds us that mining Bitcoin by yourself, if you ever actually could, is something you can still do, though only under very rare conditions.

實際上以如此低的哈希速率挖掘比特幣塊的機會幾乎不存在 - 如果您不間斷地挖掘，則有16億或每31240年一次或每31240年一次。儘管存在這些瘋狂的困難，但此事件使我們想起自己開採比特幣（如果您實際上可以）仍然可以做的事情，儘管只有在非常罕見的條件下。

It also shows how powerful mining pools have become and how almost hopeless the situation is for the individual miner in today’s Bitcoin network.

它還顯示了採礦池變得有多強大，以及在當今比特幣網絡中個人礦工幾乎沒有希望。

The Improbability of Solo Mining Success

獨奏開採成功的不可能

An industry in which bitcoin miners compete to add blocks to the blockchain by solving cryptographic puzzles has emerged from the bitcoin network. The bitcoin network itself thrives on competition. Competitors are bitcoin miners, and their very act of mining, when concentrated, tends to create a series of powerful bitcoin mining farms. These farms need a lot of electricity to operate, and they tend to operate where electricity is cheap and where it is, in effect, a renewable resource—that is, where power plants can produce electricity that is clean (wind, solar, hydro) and constantly available (like efficient, clean natural-gas peaker plants, which fire up when demand surges). A bitcoin mining farm is kind of like an airplane hangar full of gigantic servers ready to crunch numbers and do useful work, in this case, solve the bitcoin puzzles.

比特幣網絡中出現了一個通過解決加密難題來通過解決加密難題來增加區塊鏈的行業。比特幣網絡本身在競爭中蓬勃發展。競爭對手是比特幣礦工，他們的採礦行為（集中）傾向於創建一系列強大的比特幣採礦農場。這些農場需要大量的電力才能運行，並且它們傾向於在電力便宜的地方運行，並且實際上是可再生資源的地方，也就是說，發電廠可以生產清潔的電力（風，太陽能，水電）並不斷可用（例如有效的，例如，清潔自然氣體的峰值植物，在需求急需時會發火）。比特幣採礦農場有點像一個裝滿巨大的服務器的飛機機庫，準備糾正數字並做有用的工作，在這種情況下，可以解決比特幣難題。

To put it into perspective, a miner with 0.48 TH/s of hash power—like the one who struck gold on March 10—is operating at an extraordinarily low rate compared to the standard hash power used by professional mining farms. Large mining operations, which can operate with hundreds of petahashes per second (PH/s), are capable of mining Bitcoin blocks at an exponentially faster rate.

從角度來看，與專業採礦農場使用的標準哈希功率相比，具有0.48/s哈希功率的礦工（例如3月10日敲打黃金的人）的運行速度非常低。大型採礦作業可以用每秒數百個petahashes（pH/s）運行，能夠以指數速度的速度開採比特幣塊。

Mining a Bitcoin block becomes harder to do for the average person, yet takes no less than effort if one wishes to earn this crypto. So who has the hash?

為普通人開採比特幣塊變得更難做到，但是如果一個人希望賺取這個加密貨幣，則需要付出的努力。那麼誰有哈希？

The power of hashing has been left in the hands of computer-relying behemoths bursting at the seams with technology and human capital across the world. Your attempt to mine on, say, a laptop or even a powerful desktop in 2023 would end in negligible returns, if not total failure. Yet only a decade ago, enough computing power lived in human basements that some solos actually struck digital gold.

哈希的力量留在了全世界的技術和人力資本的接縫爆發的手中。您試圖在2023年挖掘筆記本電腦甚至強大的台式機，即使不是完全失敗，也會以可忽略的回報結束。然而，僅僅十年前，足夠多的計算能力才生活在人類地下室中，一些獨奏實際上擊中了數字黃金。

For instance, the chances of solo mining for success are so slim that you would have to mine continuously and nonstop for 31,240 years to even hope to strike a successful solo mining endeavor. This places a cap on the total amount of Bitcoin you could potentially earn through solo mining—unless, of course, you are a super miner with an inhuman capacity for the dedicated mining labor of half a generation.

例如，成功開採成功的機會是如此苗條，以至於您必須不斷地挖掘31,240年的時間，甚至希望能夠成功進行成功的獨奏礦業努力。這給了您可能通過獨奏開採賺取的總比特幣數量的上限，除非，除非，否則您是一名超級礦工，具有不人道的能力，即專門的礦業勞動力為半代。

The Impact of Mining Pools on Bitcoin Mining

採礦池對比特幣採礦的影響

When a lone miner discovers a block, it starkly illustrates how different solo mining is from pool mining. Mining pools—where individual miners combine their hash power and share equally in the rewards—are the preferred way of mining in today’s Bitcoin ecosystem. Mining layered on top of a mining pool dramatically increases your chances of receiving a steady stream of payouts. The rope of hash power that a pool hangs over the mining frontier for Bitcoin allows the pool to discover blocks on a much more regular basis than any single miner would. And a discovery by a solo miner reminds us that with all these discoveries, the Bitcoin blockchain is continuing to extend out into the unmined territories.

當一個孤獨的礦工發現一個塊時，它明確地說明了與泳池採礦的不同獨奏礦山的不同。採礦池（各個礦工都結合了哈希的力量並在獎勵中平等分享）是當今比特幣生態系統中採礦的首選方式。採礦池頂部的採礦大幅度增加了您獲得穩定支出的機會。游泳池懸掛在比特幣的採礦邊界上的哈希功率的繩索使游泳池可以比任何單個礦工更常規地發現塊。一個獨奏礦工的發現提醒我們，隨著所有這些發現，比特幣區塊鏈將繼續擴展到未層面的領土。

A typical mining pool consists of thousands of miners and their hardware, creating a combined hash power that can span several petahashes per second. These pools then divide the reward proportionally among all the contributors, based on their individual hash power. This setup has made it incredibly hard for solo miners to compete, unless they’re either outfitted with significant hardware or have access to substantial financial resources. Mining pools also allow for more predictable and stable earnings, which is why they’re so widely used by miners around the world.

一個典型的採礦池由成千上萬的礦工及其硬件組成，創造了一種組合的哈希功率，該功率可以跨越每秒幾個petahash。然後，這些池基於他們的個人哈希力量，將獎勵按比例分配給所有貢獻者。這種設置使獨奏礦工很難競爭，除非他們配備了重要的硬件或可以使用大量財務資源。採礦池還允許更多可預測和穩定的收入，這就是為什麼它們如此廣泛地被世界各地的礦工使用的原因。

Nevertheless, even with the clear advantages of mining pools, the story of a solo miner striking it rich on March 10 shows that all hope is not lost for solo miners. With

儘管如此，即使有了礦山池的明顯優勢，一個獨奏礦工在3月10日震撼人心的故事表明，所有希望並沒有丟失獨行礦工。和