2025年的以太坊：本地互操作性，EIP-7702，DAPP的兴起

让我们面对现实吧：尽管2024年是以太坊的技术成功一年，但这也是经济上失望的一年。

Ethereum had a year of technological triumphs in 2024, but it was also a year of financial letdowns.

以太坊在2024年取得了一年的技术胜利，但这也是一年的财务失望。

On the one hand, Dencun was finally rolled out, and Layer 2 activity in the ecosystem soared 4x.

一方面，Dencun最终被推出，生态系统中的第2层活动飙升了4倍。

On the other, Ethereum began to lag behind Solana in terms of the number of developers, and ETH’s dynamics did not meet investors’ expectations.

另一方面，以太坊在开发人员的数量方面开始落后于Solana，而ETH的动态也不满足投资者的期望。

But Ethereum’s technological structure sets it up for strong growth. Today, we already have all the tools to create more convenient and efficient solutions. It is their implementation that remains a challenge.

但是，以太坊的技术结构为强劲的增长做好了准备。今天，我们已经拥有所有工具来创建更方便，更有效的解决方案。他们的实施仍然是一个挑战。

In this article, we take a look at the main changes that Ethereum will face in 2025 and how new technological concepts and a growing focus on real-world applications can finally make the protocol truly user-friendly for the masses.

在本文中，我们探讨了以太坊在2025年将面临的主要变化，以及新的技术概念和对现实世界应用程序的越来越重视最终可以使协议真正地对群众进行用户友好。

Native Interoperability in L2 Clusters

L2簇中的本机互操作性

Currently, most projects that operate on multiple rollups have to rely on bridges (like Across) or custom solutions to interact between networks. There is no full-fledged native interoperability yet – everything is tied to separate protocols that manually stitch the ecosystem together.

当前，大多数在多个汇总操作的项目都必须依靠桥梁（例如跨越）或自定义解决方案来在网络之间进行交互。尚无全面的本机互操作性 - 一切都与分开的协议相关联，这些协议将生态系统手动缝合在一起。

However, by 2025, I expect that native interoperability will appear at least within certain L2 clusters (superchain, elastic chain, aggregation layer). This means that transactions and data will be able to move between different rollups quickly and reliably without bridges, centralized oracles, or intermediaries.

但是，到2025年，我预计本地互操作性至少会在某些L2簇（超链，弹性链，聚合层）中出现。这意味着交易和数据将能够在没有桥梁，集中甲壳或中介机构的情况下快速而可靠地之间移动。

Indeed, Vitalik Buterin believes that the main problem remains the lack of unified cross-chain standards that would be accepted by most rollups. But even without this, the fact of the emergence of built-in interoperability will form a new narrative in Layer 2 and attract more resources to this topic, as well as draw more attention.

的确，维塔利克·布特林（Vitalik Buterin）认为，主要问题仍然是缺乏统一的跨链标准，而跨链标准将被大多数滚动所接受。但是，即使没有这个，内置互操作性的出现事实也将在第2层中形成一个新的叙述，并吸引更多资源，并引起更多的关注。

And breakthrough products only emerge from developers’ energy. New standards for interoperability between rollups can be the key to better decentralised applications and true Web3 innovation.

突破性产品仅来自开发人员的能源。汇总之间互操作性的新标准可能是更好地分散应用程序和真正的Web3创新的关键。

EIP-7702: A New Level of UX and Security in Ethereum

EIP-7702：以太坊的新级别的UX和安全级别

If you follow the development of Ethereum, you have definitely heard about EIP-7702, one of the most significant proposals for improving UX and account security. In fact, it is an evolution of EIP-4337, but with native integration right at the protocol layer.

如果您遵循以太坊的开发，那么您肯定听说过EIP-7702，这是改善UX和帐户安全的最重要建议之一。实际上，它是EIP-4337的演变，但在协议层上具有天然积分。

What does this mean in practice? EOA accounts (traditional wallets such as MetaMask) will be able to execute arbitrary code within a transaction. In simple terms, they will be able to actually turn into AA wallets (Account Abstraction, EIP-4337). This opens up a lot of new opportunities:

这在实践中意味着什么？ EOA帐户（传统钱包，例如metAmask）将能够在交易中执行任意代码。简而言之，它们将能够实际变成AA钱包（Account Accration，EIP-4337）。这打开了很多新的机会：

Thus, Ethereum will become more convenient and accessible, removing restrictions for billions of users. If this proposal is implemented, it will be a real revolution in Web3 UX and security.

因此，以太坊将变得更加方便，更容易获得，从而消除了数十亿用户的限制。如果实施了此提案，这将是Web3 UX和安全性的真正革命。

Time to build dApps

是时候建造Dapps

Everyone sees it, but it’s time to finally act. The Ethereum community has been focusing on the infrastructure layer for too long, losing ground in what really matters to a user – applications. While Ethereum has been busy discussing modularity and new L2 architectures, strong alternatives have emerged in the realm of real products.

每个人都看到了，但是是时候终于采取行动了。以太坊社区已经关注基础架构层的时间太长，这对用户（应用程序）的真正重要性而失去了基础。尽管以太坊一直在忙于讨论模块化和新的L2体系结构，但在真实产品的领域中却出现了强大的选择。

It’s time to shift attention to the development of decentralised applications that streamline tangible utility. Projects such as Warpcast, Farcade Games, Fileverse, Polymarket, and others demonstrate how to build convenient services on the blockchain. And, of course, we cannot ignore AI agents that will become an important element of the ecosystem.

是时候将注意力转移到简化有形实用程序的分散应用程序的发展中了。 Warpcast，Farcade Games，Filevers，Polymarket等项目演示了如何在区块链上构建便利服务。而且，当然，我们不能忽略将成为生态系统重要因素的AI代理。

This trend will be the main focus of our new hackathon, which we are running in Kyiv with Zero1 Labs and IdeaSoft on board. It will be entirely dedicated to the development and implementation of AI agents in the blockchain ecosystem.

这种趋势将是我们新的黑客马拉松的主要重点，我们正在基辅（Kyiv）与Zero1 Labs和Ideasoft一起运行。它将完全致力于区块链生态系统中AI代理的开发和实施。

However, there is another “but”. Applications must conceive all the technical complexities of modular Ethereum for a user. This has been one of the biggest challenges for the ecosystem in recent years. Today, if you have assets on Base and need to conduct a transaction on Arbitrum, you will face difficulties. Yes, Across and other blockchain protocols partially solve this problem, but only under certain conditions:

但是，还有另一个“但是”。应用程序必须为用户构想模块化以太坊的所有技术复杂性。这是近年来生态系统最大的挑战之一。今天，如果您的资产基础上的资产需要进行仲裁交易，您将面临困难。是的，跨越区块链协议部分解决了此问题，但仅在某些条件下：

For decentralised applications to become widespread, they need to function not just conveniently, but invisibly to the user. This is exactly what the Ethereum ecosystem lacks today, and this is where the future lies.

为了使分散的应用程序变得广泛，它们不仅需要方便，而且需要对用户的看法。这正是以太坊生态系统今天所缺乏的，这就是未来的所在。

What do I expect in 2025?

我期待2025年？

Applications that will completely hide the technical complexity of the UX and allow users to not think about whether they have ETH or USDC stored on L2.

将完全隐藏UX的技术复杂性并允许用户不考虑将其存储在L2上的ETH还是USDC的应用程序。

Yes, native interoperability is important, but the main thing is that it is no longer the future, but a reality: most of the necessary tools to create such an experience already exist.

是的，本地互操作性很重要，但最主要的是它不再是未来，而是现实：创建这种体验的大多数必要工具已经存在。

Despite this, we still do not see radical changes in UX, and Web3 is still inconvenient for the mass user. I hope that 2025 will be the moment when this situation finally starts to change.

尽管如此，我们仍然没有看到UX的根本变化，并且Web3对于群众用户仍然不便。我希望2025年将是这种情况最终开始改变的那一刻。

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