以太坊联合创始人 Vitalik Buterin 概述了通往 100,000 TPS 的道路，重振了社区情绪

随着几条新的闪亮的第 1 层链的出现，许多人开始认为以太坊正在失去光彩。但可能还为时过早

As several new Layer 1 chains continue to hit the market, many have begun to speculate that Ethereum might be losing its place in the crypto scene. However, it might be too soon to count the “DeFi King” out.

随着一些新的 Layer 1 链不断上市，许多人开始猜测以太坊可能会失去在加密货币领域的地位。然而，现在就排除“DeFi 之王”可能还为时过早。

Recently, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin took to his blog to remind proponents and detractors of the goal of the network’s now-highly criticized rollup-centric roadmap, outlining what is needed to complete it. This goal is to reach 100,000 transactions per second (TPS) while preserving Layer 1 decentralization and robustness.

最近，以太坊联合创始人 Vitalik Buterin 在他的博客上提醒支持者和反对者该网络目前备受批评的以 Rollup 为中心的路线图的目标，并概述了完成该路线图所需的内容。这一目标是达到每秒 100,000 笔交易 (TPS)，同时保持第 1 层的去中心化和稳健性。

A look at Ethereum’s scaling roadmap: the Surge

以太坊的扩容路线图：激增

Ethereum’s roadmap is divided into phases, each representing a problem the network aims to tackle. The code name for Ethereum’s scaling roadmap is the Surge, which began with the March 2024 Dencun upgrade. This upgrade introduced blobs to reduce the cost of settling transactions on Ethereum for Layer 2 chains. The end goal of this phase is to allow Ethereum to process 100,000 TPS to facilitate high-volume applications like payments and decentralized social media.

以太坊的路线图分为几个阶段，每个阶段代表网络旨在解决的一个问题。以太坊扩容路线图的代号是 Surge，始于 2024 年 3 月的 Dencun 升级。此次升级引入了 blob，以降低第 2 层链在以太坊上结算交易的成本。此阶段的最终目标是让以太坊能够处理 100,000 TPS，以促进支付和去中心化社交媒体等大容量应用程序。

In a blog post on Thursday, October 17, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin reiterated this goal while outlining the path forward. According to Vitalik, Ethereum will achieve the 100,000 TPS target by improving data availability for Layer 2 chains, employing data compression on Layer 2 chains, and implementing Plasma scaling solutions. Plasma is a scaling solution where only a fraction of the Layer 2 data called Merkle root is posted on-chain.

在 10 月 17 日星期四的一篇博文中，以太坊联合创始人 Vitalik Buterin 重申了这一目标，同时概述了前进的道路。 Vitalik 表示，以太坊将通过提高第 2 层链的数据可用性、在第 2 层链上采用数据压缩以及实施 Plasma 扩展解决方案来实现 100,000 TPS 的目标。 Plasma 是一种扩展解决方案，其中仅将称为 Merkle root 的第 2 层数据的一小部分发布到链上。

Possible futures for the Ethereum protocol, part 2: The Surgehttps://t.co/DdEUpV4zQNNow, Ethereum is already well on its way to achieving this goal as developers are set to improve data availability for Layer 2 chains by implementing PeerDAS, short for Peer Data Availability Sampling, with the second package of the network’s next major upgrade, Pectra, set to go live in 2025.

以太坊协对等数据可用性采样，以及网络下一次重大升级的第二个包 Pectra，将于 2025 年上线。

According to Vitalik, progressively increasing Ethereum’s blob capacity with PeerDAS combined with Layer 2 data compression techniques will bring the network to its medium-term goal of 58,000 TPS, magnitudes higher than the current TPS. For context, the current maximum TPS of a rollup on Ethereum is just 173.6.

据 Vitalik 称，通过 PeerDAS 结合第 2 层数据压缩技术逐步增加以太坊的 blob 容量将使网络达到 58,000 TPS 的中期目标，远高于当前的 TPS。就上下文而言，目前以太坊上 Rollup 的最大 TPS 仅为 173.6。

In the Thursday blog post, Vitalik noted scaling efforts were going hand in hand with Layer 2 decentralization and UX improvement efforts. The Ethereum co-founder pointed out that the main hurdle to decentralizing Layer 2 chains was a lack of confidence in the proof system. He noted two main ways to tackle this: formal verification of the proof system and employing multiple provers. According to Vitalik, work is already underway for formal verification.

在周四的博客文章中，Vitalik 指出，扩展工作与第 2 层去中心化和用户体验改进工作齐头并进。这位以太坊联合创始人指出，去中心化第 2 层链的主要障碍是对证明系统缺乏信心。他指出了解决这个问题的两种主要方法：证明系统的形式验证和使用多个证明者。维塔利克表示，形式验证工作已经在进行中。

For better Layer 2 UX, the Ethereum co-founder tipped solutions like chain-specific addresses, cross-swap standards, and shared token bridges to help make the network feel like a single ecosystem.

为了更好的第 2 层用户体验，以太坊联合创始人提出了链特定地址、交叉交换标准和共享代币桥等解决方案，以帮助使网络感觉像一个单一的生态系统。

Beyond these Layer 2-focused improvements, Vitalik emphasized the importance of improving the robustness of the Layer 1 chain.

除了这些以 Layer 2 为重点的改进之外，Vitalik 还强调了提高 Layer 1 链稳健性的重要性。

Scaling the Layer 1 chain

扩展第 1 层链

“If L2s become very scalable and successful but L1 remains capable of processing only a very low volume of transactions, there are many risks to Ethereum that might arise,” Ethereum’s Vitalik cautioned in the Thursday blog post. Risks outlined by the developer included risks to ETH’s value, which could impact network security and the inability to handle potential Layer 2 wind-downs.

以太坊的 Vitalik 在周四的博客文章中警告说：“如果 L2 变得非常可扩展且成功，但 L1 仍然只能处理非常少量的交易，那么以太坊可能会面临许多风险。”开发商概述的风险包括 ETH 价值的风险，这可能会影响网络安全以及无法处理潜在的第 2 层崩溃。

To scale the Layer 1 chain, Vitalik conceded that the most direct path was to raise the gas limit per block. However, he noted that this risked making network validation harder, which could increase centralization concerns. As such, the Ethereum founder argued for the simplification of network verification first through technological improvements.

为了扩展第 1 层链，Vitalik 承认最直接的途径是提高每个区块的 Gas 限制。然而，他指出，这可能会使网络验证变得更加困难，这可能会增加对中心化的担忧。因此，以太坊创始人主张首先通过技术改进来简化网络验证。

One of these technological improvements is the EVM Object Format (EOF), which intends to make Ethereum’s smart contract programming environment more developer-friendly and implementation more efficient. EOF, like PeerDAS, is also set to go live with the second Pectra package.

这些技术改进之一是 EVM 对象格式（EOF），其目的是使以太坊的智能合约编程环境对开发人员更加友好并且实现更加高效。与 PeerDAS 一样，EOF 也将与第二个 Pectra 软件包一起上线。

On the Flipside

另一方面

Why This Matters? Sentiment in the Ethereum community has been significantly poor in recent months. Vitalik’s latest post offers community members a reason to be excited about the network’s prospects.

为什么这很重要？近几个月来，以太坊社区的情绪明显不佳。 Vitalik 的最新帖子为社区成员提供了对网络前景感到兴奋的理由。