以太坊聯合創始人 Vitalik Buterin 概述了通往 100,000 TPS 的道路，重振了社區情緒

隨著幾條新的閃亮的第 1 層鏈的出現，許多人開始認為以太坊正在失去光彩。但可能還為時過早

As several new Layer 1 chains continue to hit the market, many have begun to speculate that Ethereum might be losing its place in the crypto scene. However, it might be too soon to count the “DeFi King” out.

隨著一些新的 Layer 1 鏈不斷上市，許多人開始猜測以太坊可能會失去在加密貨幣領域的地位。然而，現在就排除「DeFi 之王」可能還為時過早。

Recently, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin took to his blog to remind proponents and detractors of the goal of the network’s now-highly criticized rollup-centric roadmap, outlining what is needed to complete it. This goal is to reach 100,000 transactions per second (TPS) while preserving Layer 1 decentralization and robustness.

最近，以太坊聯合創始人 Vitalik Buterin 在他的部落格上提醒支持者和反對者該網絡目前備受批評的以 Rollup 為中心的路線圖的目標，並概述了完成該路線圖所需的內容。這個目標是達到每秒 100,000 筆交易 (TPS)，同時保持第 1 層的去中心化和穩健性。

A look at Ethereum’s scaling roadmap: the Surge

以太坊的擴容路線圖：激增

Ethereum’s roadmap is divided into phases, each representing a problem the network aims to tackle. The code name for Ethereum’s scaling roadmap is the Surge, which began with the March 2024 Dencun upgrade. This upgrade introduced blobs to reduce the cost of settling transactions on Ethereum for Layer 2 chains. The end goal of this phase is to allow Ethereum to process 100,000 TPS to facilitate high-volume applications like payments and decentralized social media.

以太坊的路線圖分為幾個階段，每個階段代表網路所要解決的問題。以太坊擴容路線圖的代號是 Surge，始於 2024 年 3 月的 Dencun 升級。此次升級引入了 blob，以降低第 2 層鏈在以太坊上結算交易的成本。此階段的最終目標是讓以太坊能夠處理 100,000 TPS，以促進支付和去中心化社交媒體等大容量應用程式。

In a blog post on Thursday, October 17, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin reiterated this goal while outlining the path forward. According to Vitalik, Ethereum will achieve the 100,000 TPS target by improving data availability for Layer 2 chains, employing data compression on Layer 2 chains, and implementing Plasma scaling solutions. Plasma is a scaling solution where only a fraction of the Layer 2 data called Merkle root is posted on-chain.

在 10 月 17 日星期四的一篇部落格文章中，以太坊聯合創始人 Vitalik Buterin 重申了這一目標，同時概述了前進的道路。 Vitalik 表示，以太坊將透過提高第 2 層鏈的資料可用性、在第 2 層鏈上採用資料壓縮以及實施 Plasma 擴展解決方案來實現 100,000 TPS 的目標。 Plasma 是一種擴展解決方案，其中僅將稱為 Merkle root 的第 2 層資料的一小部分發佈到鏈上。

Possible futures for the Ethereum protocol, part 2: The Surgehttps://t.co/DdEUpV4zQNNow, Ethereum is already well on its way to achieving this goal as developers are set to improve data availability for Layer 2 chains by implementing PeerDAS, short for Peer Data Availability Sampling, with the second package of the network’s next major upgrade, Pectra, set to go live in 2025.

以太坊協對等資料可用性採樣，以及網路下一次重大升級的第二個套件 Pectra，將於 2025 年上線。

According to Vitalik, progressively increasing Ethereum’s blob capacity with PeerDAS combined with Layer 2 data compression techniques will bring the network to its medium-term goal of 58,000 TPS, magnitudes higher than the current TPS. For context, the current maximum TPS of a rollup on Ethereum is just 173.6.

據 Vitalik 稱，透過 PeerDAS 結合第 2 層資料壓縮技術逐步增加以太坊的 blob 容量將使網路達到 58,000 TPS 的中期目標，遠高於目前的 TPS。就上下文而言，目前以太坊上 Rollup 的最大 TPS 僅為 173.6。

In the Thursday blog post, Vitalik noted scaling efforts were going hand in hand with Layer 2 decentralization and UX improvement efforts. The Ethereum co-founder pointed out that the main hurdle to decentralizing Layer 2 chains was a lack of confidence in the proof system. He noted two main ways to tackle this: formal verification of the proof system and employing multiple provers. According to Vitalik, work is already underway for formal verification.

在周四的部落格文章中，Vitalik 指出，擴展工作與第 2 層去中心化和用戶體驗改進工作齊頭並進。這位以太坊聯合創始人指出，去中心化第 2 層鏈的主要障礙是對證明系統缺乏信心。他指出了解決這個問題的兩種主要方法：證明系統的形式驗證和使用多個證明者。維塔利克表示，形式驗證工作已經在進行中。

For better Layer 2 UX, the Ethereum co-founder tipped solutions like chain-specific addresses, cross-swap standards, and shared token bridges to help make the network feel like a single ecosystem.

為了更好的第 2 層用戶體驗，以太坊聯合創始人提出了鏈特定地址、交叉交換標準和共享代幣橋等解決方案，以幫助使網路感覺像單一的生態系統。

Beyond these Layer 2-focused improvements, Vitalik emphasized the importance of improving the robustness of the Layer 1 chain.

除了這些以 Layer 2 為重點的改進之外，Vitalik 還強調了提高 Layer 1 鏈穩健性的重要性。

Scaling the Layer 1 chain

擴展第 1 層鏈

“If L2s become very scalable and successful but L1 remains capable of processing only a very low volume of transactions, there are many risks to Ethereum that might arise,” Ethereum’s Vitalik cautioned in the Thursday blog post. Risks outlined by the developer included risks to ETH’s value, which could impact network security and the inability to handle potential Layer 2 wind-downs.

以太坊的 Vitalik 在周四的部落格文章中警告說：“如果 L2 變得非常可擴展且成功，但 L1 仍然只能處理非常少量的交易，那麼以太坊可能會面臨許多風險。”開發商概述的風險包括 ETH 價值的風險，這可能會影響網路安全以及無法處理潛在的第 2 層崩潰。

To scale the Layer 1 chain, Vitalik conceded that the most direct path was to raise the gas limit per block. However, he noted that this risked making network validation harder, which could increase centralization concerns. As such, the Ethereum founder argued for the simplification of network verification first through technological improvements.

為了擴展第 1 層鏈，Vitalik 承認最直接的途徑是提高每個區塊的 Gas 限制。然而，他指出，這可能會使網路驗證變得更加困難，這可能會增加對中心化的擔憂。因此，以太坊創辦人主張先透過技術改進來簡化網路驗證。

One of these technological improvements is the EVM Object Format (EOF), which intends to make Ethereum’s smart contract programming environment more developer-friendly and implementation more efficient. EOF, like PeerDAS, is also set to go live with the second Pectra package.

這些技術改進之一是 EVM 物件格式（EOF），其目的是使以太坊的智慧合約程式環境對開發人員更加友善並且實現更加高效。與 PeerDAS 一樣，EOF 也將與第二個 Pectra 軟體包一起上線。

On the Flipside

另一方面

Why This Matters? Sentiment in the Ethereum community has been significantly poor in recent months. Vitalik’s latest post offers community members a reason to be excited about the network’s prospects.

為什麼這很重要？近幾個月來，以太坊社群的情緒明顯不佳。 Vitalik 的最新貼文為社群成員提供了對網路前景感到興奮的理由。