DeSci 或去中心化科学是利用加密货币和区块链以各种方式支持科学研究的一个领域。

更具体地说，DeSci 应该被称为与科学领域 Web3 使用相关的系统、实践和资产的总称。

Decentralized Science (DeSci) is a rapidly growing segment of Web3 that aims to enhance scientific research through blockchain technology. It encompasses various practices, crypto assets, and communities dedicated to supporting, investing in, and improving scientific processes with distributed tools.

去中心化科学 (DeSci) 是 Web3 的一个快速增长的部分，旨在通过区块链技术加强科学研究。它包含各种实践、加密资产和致力于使用分布式工具支持、投资和改进科学流程的社区。

DeSci: Basics

DeSci：基础知识

DeSci, short for decentralized science, is an emerging concept that integrates decentralized technologies into scientific research, striving to make it more inclusive, transparent, trust-minimized, democratic, and collaborative. It primarily seeks to address challenges in modern science by enabling direct funding through crypto assets, maintaining distributed platforms for data sharing, and leveraging financial incentives for valuable contributors.

DeSci是去中心化科学的缩写，是一个新兴概念，它将去中心化技术融入科学研究，努力使其更加包容、透明、信任最小化、民主和协作。它主要寻求通过加密资产提供直接资助、维护分布式数据共享平台以及利用对有价值贡献者的经济激励来解决现代科学的挑战。

Underpinned by a decentralized tech stack, DeSci renders data tamper-proof yet accessible, fostering trust in research outcomes. Smart contracts can be utilized to automate funding contracts, while decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) empower communities to collectively decide on key research principles and objectives.

在去中心化技术堆栈的支持下，DeSci 使数据防篡改且可访问，从而培养对研究成果的信任。智能合约可用于自动化资助合同，而去中心化自治组织 (DAO) 则使社区能够集体决定关键研究原则和目标。

DeSci promotes open science by lowering the barriers to entry for knowledge and democratizing participation. This approach is particularly impactful for underfunded areas of research, global collaboration, and reproducibility.

DeSci 通过降低知识进入壁垒和民主化参与来促进开放科学。这种方法对于资金不足的研究、全球合作和可重复性领域特别有影响力。

DeSci: Tech concepts

DeSci：技术概念

Despite being in its early stages, the DeSci movement has already spawned several groundbreaking technical and social designs aimed at propelling scientific research to the next level.

尽管处于早期阶段，DeSci 运动已经催生了几项突破性的技术和社会设计，旨在将科学研究推向新的水平。

Decentralized research organization and publishing

分散的研究组织和出版

First, DeSci technologies can aid in the organization of research, publishing scientific papers, peer reviews, and expertise. In the Web2 world, malicious actors can artificially inflate their scientific metrics (e.g., h-index) or even manipulate research results.)

首先，DeSci 技术可以帮助组织研究、发表科学论文、同行评审和专业知识。在 Web2 世界中，恶意行为者可以人为地夸大其科学指标（例如 h 指数），甚至操纵研究结果。）

With decentralized peer review mechanisms, the credentialing for a new text will be transparent and more credible, and much harder to influence by human factors. When the track record of a scholar is visible on-chain, it makes no sense to try to showcase fake results.

通过分散的同行评审机制，新文本的认证将变得透明、更加可信，并且更难以受到人为因素的影响。当学者的记录在链上可见时，试图展示虚假结果是没有意义的。

Moreover, decentralized data sharing platforms will eliminate the gate-keeping problems associated with limited slots and the high operational costs of top modern scientific journals. Such tooling will be invaluable for young scholars.

此外，去中心化的数据共享平台将消除与有限的名额和顶级现代科学期刊的高运营成本相关的把关问题。这样的工具对于年轻学者来说将是无价的。

Crypto fundraising for science

科学加密筹款

Next, cryptocurrencies, as a resource-efficient, transparent, and inclusive mode of fundraising (known since the ICO boom of 2016–2018), can be critical for mobilizing funds for scientific endeavors.

其次，加密货币作为一种资源高效、透明和包容的筹款模式（自 2016 年至 2018 年 ICO 热潮以来就广为人知），对于为科学事业筹集资金至关重要。

With DeSci funding tools, it will be much easier for researchers to raise funds for their programs. Also, the decentralized and community-driven ethos of this funding will prevent researchers from being controlled by corporations and governments.

借助 DeSci 资助工具，研究人员可以更轻松地为其项目筹集资金。此外，这种资金的分散和社区驱动的精神将防止研究人员受到公司和政府的控制。

Moreover, thanks to smart contracts, investors can track the team’s spending: processes, expenses, milestones, results, and more. Multi-sig wallet designs will protect the funds from being stolen and funneled into centralized systems.

此外，借助智能合约，投资者可以跟踪团队的支出：流程、费用、里程碑、结果等等。多重签名钱包设计将保护资金不被窃取并流入集中式系统。

Tokenization of intellectual property

知识产权代币化

In scientific research, there is always a risk of plagiarism or misattribution of results, developments, know-hows, and so on. Modern copyright protection systems may fail to safeguard sophisticated data from being stolen and abused.

在科学研究中，始终存在抄袭或错误归因结果、发展、专有技术等的风险。现代版权保护系统可能无法保护复杂的数据免遭盗窃和滥用。

In DeSci, researchers can tokenize their developments as NFTs. Every modern NFT, whether ERC-721 or similar standards, stores tamper-proof information about the creation details and associated content. Also, IP-related NFTs can be created at a negligible cost compared to Web2 copyright protection services and agencies.

在 DeSci 中，研究人员可以将他们的开发标记为 NFT。每一个现代 NFT，无论是 ERC-721 还是类似标准，都会存储有关创作细节和相关内容的防篡改信息。此外，与 Web2 版权保护服务和机构相比，创建与 IP 相关的 NFT 的成本可以忽略不计。

DeSci: Promises and challenges

DeSci：承诺与挑战

While DeSci holds immense promise for disrupting the processes of scientific research, it faces several obstacles that need to be overcome. First, it will always encounter resistance from traditional institutions and researchers.

尽管 DeSci 有望颠覆科学研究进程，但它也面临着一些需要克服的障碍。首先，它总会遇到传统机构和研究人员的阻力。

Next, the high volatility of cryptocurrencies can pose a risk for long-term funding programs. For instance, if ETH price drops by 50% in a year, the compensation of researchers will also be halved, which will certainly impact the program’s prospects.

其次，加密货币的高波动性可能会给长期融资计划带来风险。例如，如果ETH价格在一年内下跌50%，研究人员的报酬也会减半，这肯定会影响该项目的前景。

Also, connecting to blockchain-based data sharing systems might expose them to losses in the event of attacks. Some of the data on the blockchain might never be recovered. Regulatory uncertainty in most jurisdictions for digital assets is another challenge to DeSci's progress.

此外，连接到基于区块链的数据共享系统可能会使它们在遭受攻击时遭受损失。区块链上的一些数据可能永远无法恢复。大多数司法管辖区对数字资产的监管不确定性是 DeSci 进步的另一个挑战。

At the same time, the transparency, cost-effectiveness, inclusivity, and direct funding in DeSci make the segment attractive for researchers across various fields.

与此同时，DeSci 的透明度、成本效益、包容性和直接资助使该领域对各个领域的研究人员都具有吸引力。

DeSci: Potential ways of development

DeSci：潜在的发展途径

The Decentralized Science segment has several promising vectors for growth. Some of the most promising include DeSci DAOs, distributed data storage, and crypto-based financial incentives.

去中心化科学领域有几个有希望的增长载体。其中最有前途的包括 DeSci DAO、分布式数据存储和基于加密货币的财务激励措施。

Forming decentralized autonomous organizations for research governance and prioritization will allow scientific communities (in universities, institutes, colleges) to vote on funding allocation and project approval.

建立分散的自治组织来进行研究治理和优先排序，将允许科学界（大学、研究所、学院）对资金分配和项目批准进行投票。

Utilizing decentralized storage solutions like Render Network, BitTorrent, IPFS, or Filecoin could be useful in securing research data storage. Also, such data systems might help in promoting open-access repositories to make scientific knowledge globally accessible.

利用 Render Network、BitTorrent、IPFS 或 Filecoin 等去中心化存储解决方案可能有助于保护研究数据存储。此外，此类数据系统可能有助于促进开放获取存储库，使科学知识在全球范围内均可访问。

Last but not least, creating token-based systems to reward researchers, peer reviewers, and data contributors will attract new developers and scientists to such systems. Also, implementing reputation systems for transparent recognition of contributors has the potential to replace traditional

最后但并非最不重要的一点是，创建基于代币的系统来奖励研究人员、同行评审员和数据贡献者将吸引新的开发人员和科学家使用此类系统。此外，实施声誉系统以透明地认可贡献者有可能取代传统的