DeSci 或去中心化科學是利用加密貨幣和區塊鏈以各種方式支持科學研究的一個領域。

更具體地說，DeSci 應該被稱為與科學領域 Web3 使用相關的系統、實踐和資產的總稱。

Decentralized Science (DeSci) is a rapidly growing segment of Web3 that aims to enhance scientific research through blockchain technology. It encompasses various practices, crypto assets, and communities dedicated to supporting, investing in, and improving scientific processes with distributed tools.

去中心化科學 (DeSci) 是 Web3 的一個快速成長的部分，旨在透過區塊鏈技術加強科學研究。它包含各種實踐、加密資產和致力於使用分散式工具來支援、投資和改進科學流程的社群。

DeSci: Basics

DeSci：基礎知識

DeSci, short for decentralized science, is an emerging concept that integrates decentralized technologies into scientific research, striving to make it more inclusive, transparent, trust-minimized, democratic, and collaborative. It primarily seeks to address challenges in modern science by enabling direct funding through crypto assets, maintaining distributed platforms for data sharing, and leveraging financial incentives for valuable contributors.

DeSci是去中心化科學的縮寫，是一個新興概念，它將去中心化技術融入科學研究，努力使其更包容、透明、最小化、民主和協作。它主要尋求透過加密資產提供直接資助、維護分散式資料共享平台以及利用對有價值貢獻者的經濟誘因來解決現代科學的挑戰。

Underpinned by a decentralized tech stack, DeSci renders data tamper-proof yet accessible, fostering trust in research outcomes. Smart contracts can be utilized to automate funding contracts, while decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) empower communities to collectively decide on key research principles and objectives.

在去中心化技術堆疊的支援下，DeSci 使資料防篡改且可訪問，從而培養對研究成果的信任。智慧合約可用於自動化資助合同，而去中心化自治組織 (DAO) 則使社區能夠集體決定關鍵研究原則和目標。

DeSci promotes open science by lowering the barriers to entry for knowledge and democratizing participation. This approach is particularly impactful for underfunded areas of research, global collaboration, and reproducibility.

DeSci 透過降低知識進入障礙和民主化參與來促進開放科學。這種方法對於資金不足的研究、全球合作和可重複性領域特別有影響力。

DeSci: Tech concepts

DeSci：技術概念

Despite being in its early stages, the DeSci movement has already spawned several groundbreaking technical and social designs aimed at propelling scientific research to the next level.

儘管處於早期階段，DeSci 運動已經催生了幾項突破性的技術和社會設計，旨在將科學研究推向新的水平。

Decentralized research organization and publishing

分散的研究組織與出版

First, DeSci technologies can aid in the organization of research, publishing scientific papers, peer reviews, and expertise. In the Web2 world, malicious actors can artificially inflate their scientific metrics (e.g., h-index) or even manipulate research results.)

首先，DeSci 技術可以幫助組織研究、發表科學論文、同儕審查和專業知識。在 Web2 世界中，惡意行為者可以人為地誇大其科學指標（例如 h 指數），甚至操縱研究結果。

With decentralized peer review mechanisms, the credentialing for a new text will be transparent and more credible, and much harder to influence by human factors. When the track record of a scholar is visible on-chain, it makes no sense to try to showcase fake results.

透過分散的同儕審查機制，新文本的認證將變得透明、更可信，並且更難以受到人為因素的影響。當學者的記錄在鏈上可見時，試圖展示虛假結果是沒有意義的。

Moreover, decentralized data sharing platforms will eliminate the gate-keeping problems associated with limited slots and the high operational costs of top modern scientific journals. Such tooling will be invaluable for young scholars.

此外，去中心化的資料共享平台將消除與有限的名額和頂級現代科學期刊的高營運成本相關的把關問題。這樣的工具對於年輕學者來說將是無價的。

Crypto fundraising for science

科學加密募款

Next, cryptocurrencies, as a resource-efficient, transparent, and inclusive mode of fundraising (known since the ICO boom of 2016–2018), can be critical for mobilizing funds for scientific endeavors.

其次，加密貨幣作為一種資源高效、透明和包容的籌款模式（自 2016 年至 2018 年 ICO 熱潮以來就廣為人知），對於為科學事業籌集資金至關重要。

With DeSci funding tools, it will be much easier for researchers to raise funds for their programs. Also, the decentralized and community-driven ethos of this funding will prevent researchers from being controlled by corporations and governments.

透過 DeSci 資助工具，研究人員可以更輕鬆地為其專案籌集資金。此外，這種資金的分散和社區驅動的精神將防止研究人員受到公司和政府的控制。

Moreover, thanks to smart contracts, investors can track the team’s spending: processes, expenses, milestones, results, and more. Multi-sig wallet designs will protect the funds from being stolen and funneled into centralized systems.

此外，借助智能合約，投資人可以追蹤團隊的支出：流程、費用、里程碑、結果等等。多重簽名錢包設計將保護資金不被竊取並流入集中式系統。

Tokenization of intellectual property

知識產權代幣化

In scientific research, there is always a risk of plagiarism or misattribution of results, developments, know-hows, and so on. Modern copyright protection systems may fail to safeguard sophisticated data from being stolen and abused.

在科學研究中，總是存在著抄襲或錯誤歸因結果、發展、專有技術等的風險。現代版權保護系統可能無法保護複雜的資料免遭盜竊和濫用。

In DeSci, researchers can tokenize their developments as NFTs. Every modern NFT, whether ERC-721 or similar standards, stores tamper-proof information about the creation details and associated content. Also, IP-related NFTs can be created at a negligible cost compared to Web2 copyright protection services and agencies.

在 DeSci 中，研究人員可以將他們的開發標記為 NFT。每一個現代 NFT，無論是 ERC-721 還是類似標準，都會儲存有關創作細節和相關內容的防篡改資訊。此外，與 Web2 版權保護服務和機構相比，創建與 IP 相關的 NFT 的成本可以忽略不計。

DeSci: Promises and challenges

DeSci：承諾與挑戰

While DeSci holds immense promise for disrupting the processes of scientific research, it faces several obstacles that need to be overcome. First, it will always encounter resistance from traditional institutions and researchers.

儘管 DeSci 有望顛覆科學研究進程，但它也面臨一些需要克服的障礙。首先，它總是會遇到傳統機構和研究人員的阻力。

Next, the high volatility of cryptocurrencies can pose a risk for long-term funding programs. For instance, if ETH price drops by 50% in a year, the compensation of researchers will also be halved, which will certainly impact the program’s prospects.

其次，加密貨幣的高波動性可能會為長期融資計畫帶來風險。例如，如果ETH價格在一年內下跌50%，研究人員的報酬也會減半，這肯定會影響該計畫的前景。

Also, connecting to blockchain-based data sharing systems might expose them to losses in the event of attacks. Some of the data on the blockchain might never be recovered. Regulatory uncertainty in most jurisdictions for digital assets is another challenge to DeSci's progress.

此外，連接到基於區塊鏈的資料共享系統可能會使它們在遭受攻擊時遭受損失。區塊鏈上的一些數據可能永遠無法恢復。大多數司法管轄區對數位資產的監管不確定性是 DeSci 進步的另一個挑戰。

At the same time, the transparency, cost-effectiveness, inclusivity, and direct funding in DeSci make the segment attractive for researchers across various fields.

同時，DeSci 的透明度、成本效益、包容性和直接資助使該領域對各個領域的研究人員都具有吸引力。

DeSci: Potential ways of development

DeSci：潛在的發展途徑

The Decentralized Science segment has several promising vectors for growth. Some of the most promising include DeSci DAOs, distributed data storage, and crypto-based financial incentives.

去中心化科學領域有幾個有希望的成長載體。一些最有前途的技術包括 DeSci DAO、分散式資料儲存和基於加密貨幣的財務激勵措施。

Forming decentralized autonomous organizations for research governance and prioritization will allow scientific communities (in universities, institutes, colleges) to vote on funding allocation and project approval.

建立分散的自治組織來進行研究治理和優先排序，將允許科學界（大學、研究所、學院）對資金分配和計畫批准進行投票。

Utilizing decentralized storage solutions like Render Network, BitTorrent, IPFS, or Filecoin could be useful in securing research data storage. Also, such data systems might help in promoting open-access repositories to make scientific knowledge globally accessible.

利用 Render Network、BitTorrent、IPFS 或 Filecoin 等去中心化儲存解決方案可能有助於保護研究資料儲存。此外，此類資料系統可能有助於促進開放取用儲存庫，使科學知識在全球範圍內均可存取。

Last but not least, creating token-based systems to reward researchers, peer reviewers, and data contributors will attract new developers and scientists to such systems. Also, implementing reputation systems for transparent recognition of contributors has the potential to replace traditional

最後但並非最不重要的一點是，創建基於代幣的系統來獎勵研究人員、同行評審員和數據貢獻者將吸引新的開發人員和科學家使用此類系統。此外，實施聲譽系統以透明地認可貢獻者有可能取代傳統的