加密货币如何挑战大银行以及为什么高层人士的担忧是正确的

对于全球各个角落的主要银行来说，去中心化加密货币对我们金融系统的控制所面临的威胁已经消失了一段时间。

The dominance of major banks in global finances is facing a new challenge with the rise of decentralized cryptocurrencies. While traditional banks operate within centralized systems, cryptocurrencies are built onto decentralized networks. This inherent nature of blockchain technology means that there is no single institution controlling how money is spent in a crypto economy. In theory, one person will be able to engage in a financial transaction with another person without needing a bank.

随着去中心化加密货币的兴起，主要银行在全球金融中的主导地位正面临新的挑战。传统银行在中心化系统内运营，而加密货币则建立在去中心化网络上。区块链技术的这种固有性质意味着没有一个机构可以控制加密经济中资金的支出方式。理论上，一个人无需银行就能与另一个人进行金融交易。

This shift is emerging as a serious threat to the control that banks have over transactions. But are there actually any monetary benefits for the consumer? Well, yes. High transaction fees have long been an unpopular reality for many customers, particularly for international and cross-border payments with transaction fees of up to 3% commonplace. Blockchain, however, allows people to send cryptocurrencies directly to each other without paying the transaction fees set by the banks.

这种转变正在成为对银行交易控制的严重威胁。但实际上对消费者来说有任何金钱上的好处吗？嗯，是的。高额交易费用长期以来一直是许多客户不受欢迎的现实，尤其是国际和跨境支付，交易费用高达 3% 的情况屡见不鲜。然而，区块链允许人们直接相互发送加密货币，而无需支付银行设定的交易费用。

Slow transaction processing times cause even more annoyance to consumers, with our current complex financial system elongating transaction times. Nowhere is this seen more than in the online casino industry, with many players waiting multiple days to withdraw their winnings. A payout should be as fast as possible, and this is where crypto once again offers an improvement for consumers. Crypto bypasses these overcomplicated systems providing near instant transactions.

由于我们当前复杂的金融系统延长了交易时间，缓慢的交易处理时间给消费者带来更多烦恼。这种情况在在线赌场行业最为常见，许多玩家等待数天才能提取奖金。支付应该尽可能快，这就是加密货币再次为消费者提供改进的地方。加密货币绕过了这些过于复杂的系统，提供近乎即时的交易。

It’s not just the loss of control that is challenging the big banks either, the emerging possibility of disintermediation in banking is raising the very real question of whether consumers will soon need banks at all. With decentralized platforms giving users the ability to control their own finances and innovative technologies alongside allowing long-established banking processes like lending, insurance and investment to become automated, the function of banks and other long-standing financial institutions could soon become obsolete.

对大银行构成挑战的不仅仅是失去控制权，银行业脱媒的可能性正在引发一个非常现实的问题：消费者是否很快就会需要银行。随着去中心化平台让用户能够控制自己的财务和创新技术，同时允许贷款、保险和投资等长期建立的银行流程实现自动化，银行和其他长期存在的金融机构的功能可能很快就会过时。

Without adapting to the shifting realities of modern finance, big banks could soon find their customer base dwindling and with it their revenue streams. While traditional financial institutions may be reeling at the threat of disintermediation, it paints a positive picture for consumers who stand to benefit from a slicker financial system.

如果不适应现代金融不断变化的现实，大银行很快就会发现自己的客户群不断减少，收入来源也随之减少。尽管传统金融机构可能正面临脱媒的威胁，但它为消费者描绘了一幅积极的图景，他们将从更加完善的金融体系中受益。

As globalization progresses, crypto’s unique ability to not just work for those in high-income countries but also for those in developing nations presents another key issue for big banks. Due to the risks and high costs involved in operating in some of the world’s poorest countries, many of the major banks have simply overlooked them. With a reported 1.4 billion people across the globe remaining unbanked, it is clear that the current banking system does not work on a global scale.

随着全球化的进展，加密货币的独特能力不仅为高收入国家的人们服务，也为发展中国家的人们服务，这给大银行带来了另一个关键问题。由于在世界上一些最贫穷国家开展业务存在风险和高成本，许多主要银行根本忽视了这些风险。据报道，全球仍有 14 亿人没有银行账户，显然当前的银行体系无法在全球范围内发挥作用。

Utilising modern digital financial services which provide these populations access to the cryptocurrency ecosystem, the chance for a globally inclusive financial system can be realized. The wheels are already in motion with forward-thinking companies like BitPesa, a Nairobi-based crypto exchange that is utilising blockchain technology to transform the efficiency of payments across sub-Saharan Africa, already showing that crypto has a part to play in the globalisation of the economy.

利用现代数字金融服务为这些人群提供进入加密货币生态系统的机会，可以实现全球包容性金融体系的机会。 BitPesa 等具有前瞻性思维的公司已经开始行动，BitPesa 是一家总部位于内罗毕的加密货币交易所，它正在利用区块链技术来改变撒哈拉以南非洲地区的支付效率，这已经表明加密货币在全球化中发挥着重要作用。经济。

The big banks have lost the trust of many people following the financial crises that have hit ordinary people in recent times, most notably the 2008 financial disaster which is widely accepted to be the fault of irresponsible practices in the banking and finance sector. Considering this, the inherent transparency offered by crypto, with payments tracked and verified in the public domain, has offered many disenchanted consumers an alternative to traditional financial institutions.

近年来，金融危机席卷普通百姓，尤其是2008年的金融灾难，人们普遍认为这是银行和金融部门不负责任的行为造成的，大银行已经失去了许多人的信任。考虑到这一点，加密货币提供的固有透明度以及在公共领域跟踪和验证的支付，为许多失望的消费者提供了传统金融机构的替代方案。

Further reinforced by the highly secure nature of encryption-backed cryptocurrencies which reduces the risk of fraud and theft compared to traditional accounts, significant portions of the population now see crypto as a safer way of spending money. With research suggesting that only half of New Zealanders now trust their banks, many of those working in leading banks are right to be nervous.

与传统账户相比，加密支持的加密货币的高度安全性降低了欺诈和盗窃的风险，这进一步强化了很大一部分人现在将加密货币视为一种更安全的花钱方式。研究表明，现在只有一半的新西兰人信任他们的银行，许多在领先银行工作的人感到紧张是有道理的。

While it is true that many of the major global banks were initially sceptical, industry leaders are now accepting the need to adapt or risk getting left behind. In the US, investment giants Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley both now invest in Bitcoin assets while offering their clients crypto investment funds. Across the pond in Europe, many of Italy’s big banks are now using blockchain network, Spunta, for processing transactions while the three biggest banks in Japan have recently announced they will be adopting cryptocurrencies for cross-border payments.

尽管许多全球主要银行最初都持怀疑态度，但行业领导者现在已经接受了适应的必要性，否则就有被抛在后面的风险。在美国，投资巨头高盛和摩根士丹利现在都投资比特币资产，同时向客户提供加密投资基金。在欧洲的另一边，意大利的许多大银行现在都在使用区块链网络 Spunta 来处理交易，而日本三大银行最近宣布将采用加密货币进行跨境支付。

The continued influence of crypto on the global financial landscape has without doubt highlighted a number of challenges for the big banks, with their place in the future of modern payments being called into question. As evolutionary biology shows, things must adapt or risk extinction – with traditional banks now starting to incorporate crypto into their financial toolbox, they will be hoping to be part of the future financial revolution and avoid being left behind.

加密货币对全球金融格局的持续影响无疑凸显了大银行面临的许多挑战，它们在现代支付的未来中的地位受到质疑。正如进化生物学所表明的那样，事物必须适应，否则就有灭绝的风险——随着传统银行现在开始将加密货币纳入其金融工具箱，他们将希望成为未来金融革命的一部分，并避免被抛在后面。