中国和俄罗斯抓住机会负责缓解气候变化

中国和俄罗斯准备抓住机会在氢扩张，碳集市连接和基本矿产协作领域负责

China and Russia are poised to seize the initiative in key areas of hydrogen expansion, carbon market integration, and critical mineral cooperation that could dramatically shift the troubled global climate landscape. This strategic alliance is filling a void in leadership from the U.S., which withdrew from key multilateral climate agreements.

中国和俄罗斯有望在氢扩张，碳市场整合和关键的矿产合作的关键领域夺取主动权，这可能会极大地改变陷入困境的全球气候景观。这个战略联盟填补了美国领导的空白，该联盟撤出了主要的多边气候协议。

The two nations are central to the hydrogen story. Russia’s vast natural gas reserves, which could be converted into blue hydrogen, might position the country as a potential leader in this type of production, while China’s advanced technological capabilities in hydrogen production and storage make it a powerhouse in this domain. The key aim of the partnership is to leverage China’s renewable energy to produce green hydrogen, which could then be transported via Russia’s extensive natural gas pipeline network.

两国是氢故事的核心。俄罗斯广阔的天然气储量可以转化为蓝色氢，可能会将该国定位为这类生产中的潜在领导者，而中国在氢生产和储存方面的先进技术能力使其成为该领域中的强大力量。合作伙伴关系的主要目的是利用中国可再生能源生产绿色氢，然后可以通过俄罗斯广泛的天然气管道网络运输。

To realize this vision, both countries are engaged in infrastructure development, integrating energy across their border. The existing natural gas pipelines can be transformed into hydrogen carriers, while new dedicated hydrogen and ammonia pipelines are also planned. The underdeveloped regions along the Sino-Russian border are set to become pioneers in introducing innovative hydrogen infrastructure, potentially creating replicable models for hydrogen ecosystem development worldwide.

为了实现这一愿景，两国都从事基础设施的发展，将各种边界的能源整合在一起。现有的天然气管道可以转变为氢载体，而新的专用氢和氨管道也计划进行。沿俄罗斯边境沿线的欠发达地区将成为引入创新的氢基础设施的先驱，有可能为全球氢生态系统开发创建可复制的模型。

China and Russia are also working together to define the global technical standards in hydrogen technology. Joint research into hydrogen-optimized pipeline materials and the application of advanced liquefaction technologies could make the international trade of the commodity more efficient and safer from both producer countries.

中国和俄罗斯也正在共同努力定义氢技术的全球技术标准。联合研究氢优化的管道材料以及高级液化技术的应用可能会使两个生产者国家的国际商品贸易更加有效，更安全。

Another area where China and Russia are joining hands to the fullest is the integration of their carbon markets. Recent developments, such as Sinopec’s participation in China’s Carbon Trading Market and SIBUR’s registration of climate projects in the Russian carbon emissions registry system, symbolize the growing interdependence of the two countries and the success of their mutual carbon reduction efforts.

中国和俄罗斯最充分地融入碳市场的另一个领域。最近的事态发展，例如中国人参与中国的碳贸易市场以及Sibur对俄罗斯碳排放注册系统中气候项目的注册，象征着两国的相互依存以及他们相互减少碳的成功依赖性的增长。

However, the combined potential for the two countries in deeper cooperation on carbon markets remains largely untapped, and the low-ambition carbon markets may soon become a thing of the past. The Asian giants are exploring innovative approaches to carbon accounting that would better reflect the unique features of their respective countries, such as developing new technologies or methodologies to quantify natural carbon sequestration, for instance, in the vast Siberian forests of Russia.

但是，在碳市场上更深入合作的两国的综合潜力仍然在很大程度上尚未开发，而低型碳市场可能很快成为过去。亚洲巨头正在探索创新的碳会计方法，这些方法将更好地反映其各自国家的独特特征，例如开发新技术或方法来量化自然碳固执，例如在俄罗斯广阔的西伯利亚森林中。

The partnership also extends to the processing of critical minerals, where Russia’s rich reserves complement China’s global leadership in clean technology R&D and manufacturing. Russia’s abundant copper and nickel resources are particularly vital for the clean energy transition, especially in the electric vehicle and renewable energy sectors.

该伙伴关系还扩展到了关键矿物质的处理，俄罗斯的富裕储备补充了中国在清洁技术研发和制造业方面的全球领导。俄罗斯丰富的铜和镍资源对于清洁能源过渡尤其重要，尤其是在电动汽车和可再生能源领域。

Recent announcements by Russian mining companies to increase metals supply to China and to establish joint ventures in battery materials processing and copper refinery are adding another layer to this partnership. China gets to diversify its supplier chain, while Russia, in turn, gains access to capital and technological expertise for greater production efficiency.

俄罗斯矿业公司最近发布的公告，以增加中国的金属供应，并在电池材料加工和铜炼油厂建立合资企业正在为该合作伙伴增添另一层。中国使其供应商连锁店多样化，而俄罗斯又可以获得获得资本和技术专业知识的机会，以提高生产效率。

Moreover, the partnership in the critical mineral sector could significantly influence global metal markets, with the Shanghai Futures Exchange perhaps emerging as the dominant platform for setting international benchmarks and facilitating yuan-denominated transactions. This move is expected as the West has halted trade of Russian metals in the dollar after the recent blow of U.S.-led sanctions, paving the way for the Shanghai exchange to begin trading these metals instead.

此外，关键矿产领域的合作伙伴关系可能会极大地影响全球金属市场，上海期货交易所可能是建立国际基准并促进Yuan负面交易的主要平台。预计这一举动是因为西方在最近由美国领导的制裁打击后停止了俄罗斯金属的贸易，这为上海交易所开始交易这些金属铺平了道路。

Over the next decade, global demand for these metals is set to skyrocket due to the rapid climate transition, and both countries are well-positioned to quickly expand their mining and refining sectors. However, they may also need to consider the Kafkaesque angle and not expect a similar scenario with other strategic metals like palladium, where Russia already holds a dominant position in global production.

在接下来的十年中，由于气候过渡的迅速，全球对这些金属的需求将飙升，并且两国都有良好的位置，以迅速扩大其采矿和炼油业。但是，他们可能还需要考虑Kafkaesque角度，并且不希望与其他战略金属（如Palladium）发生类似的情况，Palladium已经在全球生产中占据主导地位。

The formation of the China-Russia alliance in the climate domain is occurring at a time when the influence of both countries is under scrutiny by the international community. In this regard, the two nations are largely deflecting the migration of climate refugees toward them and shifting the problems left from climate change to other countries.

在国际社会受到审查的时候，中国 - 俄罗斯联盟在气候领域的形成正在发生。在这方面，两个国家在很大程度上偏转了气候难民向他们迁移，并将气候变化剩下的问题转移到其他国家。

As these interactions between the two parties expand, the likelihood of major challenges being imposed on the climate initiatives and the role of the countries in the development of clean energy sectors will be substantial. The rest of the world will be closely monitoring the course of the collaboration to determine how it will unfold and with what implications for global climate goals and the broader geopolitical landscape.

随着两党之间的这些相互作用的扩大，对气候倡议施加的重大挑战的可能性以及国家在清洁能源部门发展中的作用将是很大的。世界其他地方将密切监视合作的过程，以确定它将如何展开，以及对全球气候目标和更广泛的地缘政治格局的影响。