唐納德·特朗普總統正式宣布美國將創建戰略性比特幣儲備

3月7日，唐納德·特朗普（Donald Trump）總統正式宣布，美國將通過“戰略比特幣保護區建立和美國數字資產庫存”的行政命令來創建戰略性比特幣儲備。

President Donald Trump announced on March 7 that the United States would be creating a strategic Bitcoin reserve via an executive order titled “Establishment of the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and United States Digital Asset Stockpile.”

總統唐納德·特朗普（Donald Trump）於3月7日宣布，美國將通過題為“建立戰略比特幣儲備和美國數字資產庫存的行政命令”創建戰略性比特幣儲備。

This follows a previous announcement on March 2, where Trump stated his intent to establish a broader cryptocurrency reserve, an initiative that many industry insiders expressed concern over as it could be viewed negatively by the crypto community.

這是在3月2日之前的宣布之後，特朗普說他打算建立更廣泛的加密貨幣保護區，這一舉措對此表示擔憂，因為加密貨幣社區可能會對它負面看待。

Unlike the previous announcement, which described a broader crypto reserve, this new executive order introduces the idea of a strategic reserve exclusively for BTC, addressing a concern many industry enthusiasts had when Trump first mentioned a crypto reserve on March 2.

與以前描述了更廣泛的加密保護區的公告不同，該新的行政命令介紹了僅針對BTC制定戰略儲備的想法，該命令解決了許多行業愛好者在3月2日首次提到加密儲備儲備時的關注。

This executive order also introduces the concept of a “Digital Asset Stockpile” comprising various cryptocurrencies. Here’s how it works.

該行政命令還介紹了包括各種加密貨幣的“數字資產庫存”的概念。這是它的工作方式。

How the Bitcoin Strategic Reserve works

比特幣戰略儲備如何運作

While many believed the Bitcoin Strategic Reserve would require the U.S. government to buy BTC to fill the reserve, the actual method of building the reserve is quite different. The Bitcoins Strategic Reserve will primarily be “capitalized with all BTC held by the Department of the Treasury that was finally forfeited as part of criminal or civil asset forfeiture proceedings or in satisfaction of any civil money penalty imposed by any executive department or agency.” In other words, the BTC Strategic Reserve will be created using BTC which U.S. government agencies have seized from individuals arrested or received as payment for penalties.

儘管許多人認為比特幣戰略儲備將要求美國政府購買BTC以填補儲備金，但建造儲備的實際方法卻大不相同。比特幣戰略儲備將主要“利用財政部持有的所有BTC，最終被作為刑事或民事資產沒收程序的一部分或滿足任何執行部門或機構施加的任何民事罰款的一部分。”換句話說，將使用美國政府機構從被逮捕或被收到罰款的個人中扣押的BTC創建BTC戰略儲備。

Beyond this initial method of obtaining BTC, the executive order mandates that the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Commerce “develop strategies for acquiring additional Government BTC,” provided the strategies remain budget-neutral and do not use taxpayer dollars. This means the government is actively exploring ways to increase its BTC holdings without using tax dollars.

除了這種獲得BTC的最初方法外，行政命令還要求財政部長和商務部長“制定收購額外政府BTC的戰略”，前提是這些策略仍然是預算中立的，並且不使用納稅人美元。這意味著政府正在積極探索在不使用稅金的情況下增加其BTC持股的方法。

Virtual Fort Knox: The USA’s Strategic Bitcoin Reserve

虛擬堡諾克斯：美國的戰略比特幣儲備

The Bitcoin Strategic Reserve is being treated like a traditional strategic reserve—a stockpile of an asset, typically a commodity, that the U.S. Government builds up and taps into during times of catastrophe, economic turmoil, or crisis. However, unlike other reserves, such as the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, it’s difficult to envision a scenario where the government would need to tap into a BTC reserve. The executive order keeps the language around this vague, simply stating that the BTC strategic reserve will be “utilized to meet governmental objectives in accordance with applicable law.”

比特幣戰略儲備被視為傳統的戰略儲備，這是美國政府在災難，經濟動盪或危機時期建立和攻入的資產的庫存。但是，與其他儲備金（例如戰略石油儲備）不同，很難設想一種情況，即政府需要利用BTC儲備。行政命令將圍繞這種模糊的語言保留，只是說“ BTC戰略儲備”將“根據適用的法律來實現政府目標”。

For this reason, the BTC strategic reserve is being compared to the USA’s Strategic Gold Reserve, which serves as a long-term asset held for strategic purposes rather than a resource to be actively traded or liquidated under normal circumstances. President Trump even referred to the reserve as the U.S. ‘s “virtual Fort Knox” during the White House’s Crypto Summit. This strengthens the idea that the Bitcoin strategic reserve shares many similarities with a gold reserve.

因此，將BTC戰略儲備與美國的戰略黃金儲備進行了比較，該儲備是用於戰略目的的長期資產，而不是在正常情況下進行積極交易或清算的資源。特朗普總統甚至在白宮的加密賽峰會上將保護區稱為美國的“虛擬諾克斯”。這加強了比特幣戰略儲備與黃金儲備有許多相似之處的想法。

Why even have a Bitcoin Reserve?

為什麼還擁有比特幣儲備？

Trump’s administration is not solely creating a Bitcoin reserve because it was one of their campaign promises; there are other, more significant incentives behind this move. The administration wants the United States to lead in the cryptocurrency industry.

特朗普的政府不僅僅是創建比特幣儲備，因為這是他們的競選承諾之一。此舉背後還有其他更大的激勵措施。政府希望美國領導加密貨幣行業。

“Last year, I promised to make America the BTC superpower of the world and the crypto capital of the planet, and we are taking historic action to deliver on that promise,” Trump said at the recent White House Crypto Summit.

特朗普在最近的白宮加密賽峰會上說：“去年，我承諾將美國成為世界上的BTC超級大國和地球的加密之都，我們正在採取歷史行動來實現這一諾言。”

However, under the previous administration, particularly during Gary Gensler’s tenure as Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Chair, the U.S. cryptocurrency industry faced significant limitations. To put this into perspective, The United States’ finance sector represents roughly 30% of the global financial industry, yet its cryptocurrency industry represents only about 5% of the global crypto markets, which highlights the idea that there is some systematic disparity stopping the cryptocurrency innovations in America from playing a significant role in the global cryptocurrency industry.

但是，在上屆政府的情況下，特別是在加里·蓋斯勒（Gary Gensler）擔任證券交易委員會（SEC）主席的任期期間，美國加密貨幣行業面臨著重大限制。為了透視這一點，美國的財務部門約佔全球金融行業的30％，但其加密貨幣行業僅佔全球加密市場的5％，這突出了這樣一個想法，即在全球Cryptocurrency行業中起著重要的作用，即在美國在美國在美國發揮重要作用而存在某種系統性差異。

But now, with a new administration in place at the White House and the SEC, the cryptocurrency industry is seeing regulatory barriers removed or amended, creating an environment where crypto companies can innovate freely and even count on presidential support.

但是現在，在白宮和SEC建立了新的政府，加密貨幣行業正在消除或修改監管障礙，創造了一個環境，加密貨幣公司可以自由創新，甚至指望總統支持。

According to White House Crypto and AI Czar David Sacks, the U.S. government has historically mismanaged its BTC holdings. He stated, “It is estimated that the U.S. government owns about 200,000 bitcoin […] Premature sales of bitcoin have already cost U.S. taxpayers over $17 billion in lost value. Now the federal government will have a strategy to maximize the value of its holdings.”

根據白宮加密貨幣和AI沙皇大衛·薩克斯（David Sacks）的說法，美國政府歷來不雄厚的BTC持有。他說：“據估計，美國政府擁有約20萬比特幣[…]比特幣的過早銷售已經使美國納稅人損失了超過170億美元的損失價值。現在，聯邦政府將製定一項戰略，以最大程度地提高其持股價值。”

This means that the new executive order could shift this alleged mismanagement into a strategic advantage that puts the U.S. in a position to capitalize on its BTC holdings rather than losing out due to premature sales and a lack of overall strategy beyond selling the coins in its possession at government auctions.

這意味著，新的行政命令可以將這種據稱管理不善的人轉變為一種戰略優勢，使美國能夠利用其BTC持有量，而不是由於過早的銷售和除了在政府拍賣中擁有的硬幣出售硬幣之外缺乏整體戰略。

Concerns from the crypto community

加密社區的擔憂

Despite the government’s optimistic outlook, the executive order has not been universally welcomed. Many long-time crypto enthusiasts supported Bitcoin because of its decentralization and independence from government control; with the U.S. government now actively accumulating Bitcoin, some worry that it might gain influence over the market

儘管政府具有樂觀的看法，但行政命令尚未受到普遍的歡迎。許多長期的加密愛好者由於權力下放和遠離政府控製而支持比特幣。隨著美國政府現在積極積累比特幣，有些人擔心它可能會在市場上產生影響