樂觀總結：以太坊可擴展性的遊戲規則改變者

樂觀總結與零知識匯總一樣，都是第 2 層解決方案，透過處理鏈下交易、減少擁塞和降低費用來增強以太坊的可擴展性。樂觀總結假設交易在處理時有效，從而實現更快的吞吐量，但它們依賴於 7 天的挑戰期，用戶可以在其中對無效交易提出異議，從而確保網路的完整性。

Optimistic Rollups: A Scalability Solution for Ethereum

樂觀總結：以太坊的可擴展性解決方案

Introduction

介紹

In the rapidly evolving world of blockchain technology, scalability remains a critical challenge. Ethereum, the pioneering blockchain platform, has faced significant network congestion and high transaction fees due to its immense popularity. To address these issues, developers have proposed various scalability solutions, including optimistic rollups.

在快速發展的區塊鏈技術世界中，可擴展性仍然是一個嚴峻的挑戰。以太坊是開創性的區塊鏈平台，由於其巨大的受歡迎程度，面臨嚴重的網路擁塞和高昂的交易費用。為了解決這些問題，開發人員提出了各種可擴展性解決方案，包括樂觀總結。

Concept of Optimistic Rollups

樂觀總結的概念

Optimistic rollups are a layer-2 scaling technology that operates on top of the Ethereum mainnet. They share similarities with zero-knowledge rollups but differ in their approach to transaction validation. Optimistic rollups assume that all transactions within a block are valid, enabling faster transaction processing without the need for immediate validation.

樂觀匯總是一種在以太坊主網之上運行的第 2 層擴展技術。它們與零知識匯總有相似之處，但交易驗證方法有所不同。樂觀匯總假設區塊內的所有交易都是有效的，從而無需立即驗證即可實現更快的交易處理。

Layer-2 Communication

二層通信

As a layer-2 solution, optimistic rollups facilitate cross-layer communication with the Ethereum mainnet. This communication is necessary to transfer transactions between the layer-2 solution and the mainnet. The process involves a user depositing funds into smart contracts compatible with the layer-2 solution.

作為第 2 層解決方案，Optimistic Rollup 促進了與以太坊主網路的跨層通訊。這種通訊對於在第 2 層解決方案和主網之間傳輸交易是必要的。這個過程涉及用戶將資金存入與第 2 層解決方案相容的智慧合約中。

Transaction Processing

事務處理

Once transactions are deposited, a "sequencer" node, similar to a validator on Ethereum, processes them. The sequencer rolls these transactions into a single block, known as a state commitment. This state commitment represents the updated state of the layer-2 solution. The sequencer then sends the state commitment as a single transaction back to the Ethereum mainnet.

一旦交易被存入，「排序器」節點（類似於以太坊上的驗證器）就會處理它們。排序器將這些事務滾動到一個區塊中，稱為狀態承諾。此狀態承諾代表了第 2 層解決方案的更新狀態。然後，排序器將狀態承諾作為單一交易發送回以太坊主網。

Optimistic Assumption

樂觀假設

The "optimistic" nature of optimistic rollups lies in their assumption of transaction validity. Unlike other blockchain protocols that require immediate validation, optimistic rollups assume that all transactions are valid. This eliminates the need for costly and time-consuming validation processes, resulting in significantly faster transaction throughput.

樂觀總結的「樂觀」本質在於其對交易有效性的假設。與其他需要立即驗證的區塊鏈協議不同，樂觀總結假設所有交易都是有效的。這消除了昂貴且耗時的驗證過程的需要，從而顯著加快了交易吞吐量。

Fault Proofs

故障證明

However, to ensure the integrity of the system, optimistic rollups incorporate a "fault proof" process. Users can challenge a state commitment if they believe it contains invalid transactions. If the challenge is successful, the state commitment is removed from the chain and replaced with a new one. Users have a designated period of time, typically seven days, to initiate a challenge before the state commitment becomes final.

然而，為了確保系統的完整性，Optimistic Rollup 包含了「防錯」過程。如果使用者認為狀態承諾包含無效交易，他們可以質疑該承諾。如果挑戰成功，國家承諾將從鏈中刪除並替換為新的承諾。在國家承諾最終生效之前，用戶有指定的時間段（通常為 7 天）來發起挑戰。

Integration with Optimism

樂觀整合

While optimistic rollups are employed in various scalability solutions, they form an integral part of Optimism's software stack known as the OP Stack. The OP Stack includes other components that contribute to the overall scalability and security of the Optimism network.

雖然 Optimistic Rollup 被用於各種可擴展性解決方案中，但它們構成了 Optimism 軟體堆疊（稱為 OP Stack）不可或缺的一部分。 OP 堆疊包含有助於 Optimism 網路整體可擴展性和安全性的其他元件。

Conclusion

結論

Optimistic rollups offer a promising approach to mengatasi the scalability challenges faced by Ethereum. They provide faster transaction processing by assuming transaction validity and utilizing layer-2 communication. The fault proof process ensures the integrity of the system, empowering users to challenge invalid state commitments. As research and development in this field continue, optimistic rollups are expected to play a significant role in unlocking the full potential of Ethereum and other blockchain platforms.

樂觀匯總為解決以太坊面臨的可擴展性挑戰提供了一種有前途的方法。它們透過假設交易有效性並利用第 2 層通訊來提供更快的交易處理。防錯過程確保了系統的完整性，使用戶能夠挑戰無效的狀態承諾。隨著該領域研究和開發的繼續，樂觀匯總預計將在釋放以太坊和其他區塊鏈平台的全部潛力方面發揮重要作用。