第三層網路：以太坊擴容爭論中的激烈爭論

Polygon 執行長 Marc Boiron 在 Twitter 上引發了關於第 3 層網路必要性的爭論，認為它們「存在只是為了將價值從以太坊轉移到構建 L3 的 L2 上」。這項聲明引發了爭議，有些人認為 L3 提供了較低的橋接成本和專門的狀態轉換功能等好處，而其他人則同意 Boiron 的觀點，即它們可能會分裂以太坊生態系統。

Layer-3 Networks: A Contentious Debate in Ethereum's Scaling Journey

第三層網路：以太坊擴容之旅中的一場有爭議的爭論

A recent statement by Polygon CEO Marc Boiron ignited a heated discussion within the Ethereum community regarding the necessity and potential impact of layer-3 networks in scaling the Ethereum blockchain. Boiron's assertion that layer-3s are superfluous and merely serve to detract value from the Ethereum mainnet sparked a flurry of responses and counterarguments.

Polygon 執行長 Marc Boiron 最近發表的聲明在以太坊社群內引發了關於第三層網路在擴展以太坊區塊鏈方面的必要性和潛在影響的激烈討論。 Boiron 斷言第 3 層是多餘的，只會降低以太坊主網的價值，引發了一系列回應和反駁。

Boiron's Perspective: Layer-3 Redundancy

Boiron 的觀點：第 3 層冗餘

On April 1st, Boiron unequivocally declared that Polygon Labs, a layer-2 scaling solution for Ethereum, disregards layer-3s as they are deemed unnecessary for enhancing existing networks. He firmly stated, "L3s exist only to redirect value away from Ethereum and concentrate it on the L2s upon which they are built."

4 月 1 日，Boiron 明確聲明 Polygon Labs（以太坊的第 2 層擴展解決方案）忽略第 3 層，因為它們被認為對於增強現有網路是不必要的。他堅定地表示，“L3 的存在只是為了將價值從以太坊轉移出去，並將其集中到它們所構建的 L2 上。”

However, Boiron's perspective did not remain unchallenged. One respondent asserted that layer-2 solutions on Ethereum "ARE value on Ethereum," to which Boiron partially agreed, but maintained his stance.

然而，布瓦龍的觀點並非沒有受到挑戰。一位受訪者聲稱，以太坊上的第 2 層解決方案“是以太坊上的價值”，布瓦龍部分同意這一觀點，但維持了自己的立場。

"I dissent from the notion that L2 value equates to Ethereum value. Consider the extreme scenario. If all L3s gravitated towards a solitary L2, Ethereum would capture virtually no value, jeopardizing its security."

“我不同意 L2 價值等同於以太坊價值的觀點。考慮一下極端情況。如果所有 L3 都傾向於孤立的 L2，那麼以太坊幾乎不會獲得任何價值，從而危及其安全性。”

Boiron emphasized that Polygon's mission has always been to expand Ethereum's scalability, pioneering innovative techniques utilizing parallelization of the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) and privacy enhancements. He contended that "L3s are antithetical to this mission."

Boiron 強調，Polygon 的使命始終是擴展以太坊的可擴展性，利用以太坊虛擬機器 (EVM) 的平行化和隱私增強來開拓創新技術。他認為「L3 與這次任務是對立的」。

The Role of Layer-3 Protocols

第三層協定的作用

Layer-3 protocols are constructed atop layer-2 solutions, hosting application-specific decentralized applications (DApps) that provide a spectrum of advancements in scaling, performance, interoperability, customization, and cost-effectiveness.

第3 層協定建構在第2 層解決方案之上，託管特定於應用程式的去中心化應用程式(DApp)，這些應用程式在擴充功能、效能、互通性、客製化和成本效益方面提供了一系列進步。

Presently, the L3 ecosystem is relatively nascent, with only four L3 tokens listed on the prominent cryptocurrency data aggregator CoinGecko. Notable players in this field include Orbs, Xai, zkSync Hyperchains, and the newly launched Degen Chain on Arbitrum Orbit.

目前，L3 生態系統仍處於起步階段，著名的加密貨幣數據聚合商 CoinGecko 上只列出了四種 L3 代幣。該領域的著名參與者包括 Orbs、Xai、zkSync Hyperchains 以及 Arbitrum Orbit 上新推出的 Degen Chain。

Counterarguments and Benefits of Layer-3s

Layer-3 的反駁與優點

Peter Haymond, senior partnership manager at Offchain Labs, countered Boiron's assertions, highlighting the numerous advantages of L3s that do not detract value from Ethereum. These include reduced bridging costs from L2 compared to L1, inexpensive on-chain verification, tailored gas tokens, and specialized state transition functions.

Offchain Labs 高級合作夥伴經理 Peter Haymond 反駁了 Boiron 的說法，並強調 L3 的眾多優勢不會降低以太坊的價值。其中包括與 L1 相比，L2 的橋接成本降低、廉價的鏈上驗證、定制的 Gas 代幣以及專門的狀態轉換函數。

Patrick McCorry, a researcher at Arbitrum Foundation, expressed surprise at Boiron's stance, emphasizing that "L3s seem like an obvious choice, especially when they empower the L2 to evolve into a settlement layer (i.e., where executing the bridge becomes more economical) and ultimately rely on Ethereum as a global ordering service and the final arbiter of settlement."

Arbitrum 基金會研究員 Patrick McCorry 對 Boiron 的立場表示驚訝，他強調「L3 似乎是一個顯而易見的選擇，特別是當它們使 L2 能夠演變成結算層時（即，執行橋樑變得更加經濟）並最終依靠以太坊作為全球訂購服務和結算的最終仲裁者。”

Convergence and Divergence of Opinions

意見的趨同與分歧

In a separate post on Twitter, Helus Labs CEO Mert Mumtaz appeared to align with Boiron's viewpoint, stating that "L3s are essentially centralized servers settling on other centralized servers (L2s) – controlled by multisigs."

在 Twitter 上的另一篇貼文中，Helus Labs 執行長 Mert Mumtaz 似乎同意 Boiron 的觀點，表示“L3 本質上是集中在其他集中式伺服器 (L2) 上的集中式伺服器 – 由多重簽章控制。”

Conversely, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin ignited the L3 debate in late 2022 by suggesting that layer-3s would serve a distinct purpose beyond scaling, offering "customized functionality." He emphasized that a third layer on the blockchain is only meaningful if it provides unique capabilities not offered by layer-2 solutions.

相反，以太坊聯合創始人 Vitalik Buterin 在 2022 年底引發了 L3 爭論，他表示第 3 層除了擴展之外還有一個獨特的目的，即提供「客製化功能」。他強調，區塊鏈上的第三層只有提供第二層解決方案所沒有的獨特功能才有意義。

Conclusion

結論

The debate surrounding the necessity and potential impact of layer-3 networks in Ethereum's scaling journey is ongoing, with proponents and detractors presenting compelling arguments. As the Ethereum ecosystem continues to evolve and mature, the role of layer-3 protocols in shaping its future trajectory will undoubtedly be a topic of ongoing discussion and exploration.

圍繞以太坊擴容之旅中第 3 層網絡的必要性和潛在影響的爭論仍在繼續，支持者和反對者提出了令人信服的論點。隨著以太坊生態系統的不斷發展和成熟，第三層協議在塑造其未來發展軌跡中的作用無疑將成為持續討論和探索的議題。