黃金 vs. 比特幣：貨幣屬性全面解析

黃金和比特幣具有獨特的貨幣屬性，決定了它們隨著時間和距離的價值傳輸的適應性。比特幣以其絕對稀缺性、抗貶值性和無與倫比的便攜性而脫穎而出。其真實性可以立即驗證，交易在幾分鐘內完成，費用極低。然而，黃金在流動性、隱私性和廣泛認可方面保持著優勢。了解這些屬性有助於投資者評估這兩種資產在促進價值轉移方面的優勢和限制。

Gold and Bitcoin: A Comprehensive Comparison of Monetary Attributes

黃金與比特幣：貨幣屬性綜合比較

Introduction

介紹

In the realm of monetary assets, both gold and Bitcoin hold significant value. However, their monetary attributes differ substantially, potentially influencing their suitability for preserving and transferring value over time and space. To determine which asset possesses the more favorable monetary characteristics, an in-depth analysis of ten key attributes is conducted below.

在貨幣資產領域，黃金和比特幣都具有重要價值。然而，它們的貨幣屬性差異很大，可能會影響它們隨著時間和空間保存和轉移價值的適合性。為了確定哪種資產具有更有利的貨幣特徵，以下將十個關鍵屬性進行深入分析。

Monetary Attribute #1: Scarcity

貨幣屬性#1：稀缺性

Gold: The World Gold Council estimates the global mined gold supply at 6.8 billion ounces, with annual production averaging around 118 million ounces. However, the future quantity of gold to be discovered and mined remains unknown.

黃金：世界黃金協會估計全球礦產黃金供應量為 68 億盎司，年產量平均約 1.18 億盎司。然而，未來發現和開採的黃金數量仍然未知。

Bitcoin: By contrast, Bitcoin's supply is finite and known. Currently, there are approximately 19.6 million Bitcoins in circulation, with the total supply capped at 21 million. The remaining 1.4 million BTC will be gradually released at a predetermined, decreasing rate until the final Bitcoin is mined in 2140.

比特幣：相較之下，比特幣的供應是有限且已知的。目前，流通中的比特幣數量約為1,960萬枚，總供應量上限為2,100萬枚。剩餘的 140 萬個 BTC 將以預定的遞減速度逐步釋放，直到 2140 年最終的比特幣被開採出來。

Verdict: Bitcoin wins. Its absolute scarcity ensures that the only way to respond to increased demand is through price appreciation, unlike gold and other commodities whose supply can be expanded.

結論：比特幣獲勝。其絕對稀缺性確保了應對需求成長的唯一方法是透過價格升值，這與黃金和其他可以擴大供應的商品不同。

Monetary Attribute #2: Hardness

貨幣屬性#2：硬度

Gold: Hardness, in this context, does not refer to physical hardness but to resistance to debasement. Gold's high hardness stems from its limited annual production relative to its existing supply.

金：在此上下文中，硬度不是指物理硬度，而是指抵抗貶值的能力。黃金的高硬度源自於其年產量相對於現有供應量有限。

Bitcoin: Bitcoin has a remarkable hardness attribute. Its supply growth is cut in half every four years ("halving"), causing its hardness to double. Consequently, Bitcoin's hardness will soon surpass that of gold.

比特幣：比特幣具有顯著的硬度屬性。它的供應增長每四年減少一半（“減半”），導致其硬度加倍。因此，比特幣的硬度很快就會超過黃金。

Verdict: Bitcoin wins. Its unique supply issuance mechanism and increasing hardness make it the hardest monetary asset in history.

結論：比特幣獲勝。其獨特的供應量發行機制和不斷增加的硬度使其成為史上最難的貨幣資產。

Monetary Attribute #3: Liquidity

貨幣屬性#3：流動性

Gold: Gold has a substantial global pool of liquidity, with a market capitalization of approximately $14.6 trillion.

黃金：黃金擁有龐大的全球流動性池，市值約14.6兆美元。

Bitcoin: While Bitcoin's liquidity pool is smaller, it is rapidly growing. As its value appreciates, Bitcoin's liquidity is expected to approach that of gold.

比特幣：雖然比特幣的流動性池較小，但它正在快速成長。隨著其價值的升值，比特幣的流動性預計將接近黃金。

Verdict: Gold wins currently. However, Bitcoin's liquidity is increasing and may erode gold's advantage in the future.

結論：目前金牌獲勝。然而，比特幣的流動性正在增加，未來可能會削弱黃金的優勢。

Monetary Attribute #4: Portability

貨幣屬性#4：可移植性

Gold: Physical gold is challenging to transport due to its weight and value. $1 billion worth of gold weighs over 31,500 pounds and requires extensive logistics, security, and insurance.

黃金：實體黃金因其重量和價值而難以運輸。價值 10 億美元的黃金重達 31,500 磅，需要大量的物流、安全和保險。

Bitcoin: Bitcoin, on the other hand, is highly portable. $1 billion worth of Bitcoin can be transferred for less than $10 in fees and within minutes. Its digital nature eliminates the risks and complexities associated with physical transportation.

比特幣：另一方面，比特幣具有高度的便攜性。價值 10 億美元的比特幣可以在幾分鐘內以不到 10 美元的費用轉移。其數位化特性消除了與實體運輸相關的風險和複雜性。

Verdict: Bitcoin wins. Its superior portability and convenience make it vastly more practical for cross-border transfers.

結論：比特幣獲勝。其卓越的便攜性和便利性使其對於跨國轉帳來說更加實用。

Monetary Attribute #5: Verifiability

貨幣屬性#5：可驗證性

Gold: Verifying the authenticity of gold is time-consuming, costly, and often involves third-party auditors.

黃金：驗證黃金的真實性非常耗時、成本高昂，而且通常需要第三方審核員的參與。

Bitcoin: Bitcoin transactions are mathematically verifiable, instantly and cost-effectively. Its public blockchain ensures that all transactions are permanently recorded and easily auditable, providing a level of certainty that gold lacks.

比特幣：比特幣交易在數學上是可驗證的、即時且具有成本效益的。其公共區塊鏈確保所有交易都被永久記錄並易於審計，提供了黃金所缺乏的確定性。

Verdict: Bitcoin wins. Its immutable blockchain and instant verifiability offer an unprecedented level of security and transparency.

結論：比特幣獲勝。其不可變的區塊鏈和即時可驗證性提供了前所未有的安全性和透明度。

Monetary Attribute #6: Fungibility and Privacy

貨幣屬性#6：可替代性和隱私

Gold: Physical gold is fungible, meaning that all units are considered interchangeable. However, transactions on Bitcoin's public blockchain are recorded, potentially revealing transaction history.

黃金：實體黃金是可互換的，這意味著所有單位都被認為是可以互換的。然而，比特幣公共區塊鏈上的交易會被記錄，這可能會洩露交易歷史。

Bitcoin: While Bitcoin's blockchain is publicly accessible, privacy tools allow users to enhance fungibility and hide transactions. However, physical gold remains anonymous and untraceable.

比特幣：雖然比特幣的區塊鏈是可公開存取的，但隱私工具允許用戶增強可替代性並隱藏交易。然而，實體黃金仍然是匿名且無法追蹤的。

Verdict: Gold wins. Its inherent fungibility and anonymity give it an advantage for users seeking privacy.

結論：金牌獲勝。其固有的可替代性和匿名性為其尋求隱私的用戶提供了優勢。

Monetary Attribute #7: Durability

貨幣屬性#7：耐用性

Gold: Gold is renowned for its durability and exceptional resistance to corrosion and decay. Even gold produced thousands of years ago still exists today.

黃金：黃金以其耐用性和卓越的抗腐蝕能力而聞名。即使是幾千年前生產的黃金今天仍然存在。

Bitcoin: Although Bitcoin's digital nature makes it immune to physical damage, its durability depends on the stability of its network and the integrity of the blockchain.

比特幣：雖然比特幣的數位性質使其免受物理損壞，但其耐用性取決於其網路的穩定性和區塊鏈的完整性。

Verdict: Gold wins. Its physical durability surpasses that of Bitcoin, which is subject to potential technological disruptions.

結論：金牌獲勝。它的物理耐用性超過了比特幣，而比特幣可能會受到潛在的技術幹擾。

Monetary Attribute #8: Divisibility

貨幣屬性#8：可分割性

Gold: Physical gold is challenging to divide into smaller units, making it impractical for small transactions.

黃金：實體黃金很難分割成更小的單位，這使得它對於小額交易來說不切實際。

Bitcoin: Bitcoins can be divided into 100,000,000 units called satoshis, allowing for transactions of any size, from fractions of a penny to billions.

比特幣：比特幣可以分為 100,000,000 個單位，稱為“聰”，允許進行任何規模的交易，從幾分之一到數十億。

Verdict: Bitcoin wins. Its extreme divisibility makes it suitable for a wider range of transaction values.

結論：比特幣獲勝。其極端的可分性使其適合更廣泛的交易價值。

Monetary Attribute #9: Scalability

貨幣屬性#9：可擴充性

Gold: Gold's scalability is limited when used as a medium of exchange at scale, requiring third-party intermediaries.

黃金：當大規模用作交換媒介時，黃金的可擴展性受到限制，需要第三方中介機構。

Bitcoin: Bitcoin's base layer can process a limited number of transactions per day. However, the Lightning Network, a second-layer protocol built on Bitcoin, is designed to handle an unlimited number of transactions. This scalability solution enables Bitcoin to potentially handle global consumer transactions without compromising its decentralization.

比特幣：比特幣的基礎層每天可以處理有限數量的交易。然而，閃電網路是基於比特幣構建的第二層協議，旨在處理無限數量的交易。這種可擴展性解決方案使比特幣能夠在不影響其去中心化的情況下處理全球消費者交易。

Verdict: Bitcoin wins. The Lightning Network's potential to scale Bitcoin's transaction capacity makes it well-suited for widespread adoption.

結論：比特幣獲勝。閃電網路具有擴展比特幣交易容量的潛力，使其非常適合廣泛採用。

Monetary Attribute #10: Recognition

貨幣屬性#10：認可

Gold: Gold has a long-established history as money, with widespread recognition and acceptance globally.

黃金：黃金作為一種貨幣有著悠久的歷史，在全球範圍內廣泛認可和接受。

Bitcoin: Bitcoin is a relatively new monetary asset, with recognition and acceptance still evolving.

比特幣：比特幣是一種相對較新的貨幣資產，其認知和接受度仍在不斷發展中。

Verdict: Gold wins currently. Bitcoin's growing adoption and monetization are expected to improve its recognition in the future.

結論：目前金牌獲勝。比特幣的日益普及和貨幣化預計將在未來提高其認可。

Conclusion

結論

The analysis of these ten monetary attributes reveals that Bitcoin exhibits superior characteristics in several key areas, including scarcity, hardness, portability, verifiability, divisibility, scalability, and the potential to enhance fungibility and privacy. While gold retains advantages such as durability, liquidity, recognition, and fungibility for certain users, Bitcoin's unique monetary properties and its capacity for technological innovation position it as a formidable contender in the realm of monetary assets. As both gold and Bitcoin continue to evolve, the comparison between their monetary attributes will remain dynamic and subject to ongoing debate.

對這十大貨幣屬性的分析表明，比特幣在幾個關鍵領域表現出優越的特性，包括稀缺性、硬度、可移植性、可驗證性、可分割性、可擴展性以及增強可替代性和隱私性的潛力。雖然黃金對於某些用戶來說保留了耐用性、流動性、認可度和可互換性等優勢，但比特幣獨特的貨幣屬性及其技術創新能力使其成為貨幣資產領域的強大競爭者。隨著黃金和比特幣的不斷發展，它們的貨幣屬性之間的比較將保持動態，並受到持續爭論。