以太坊的升級會進一步推遲嗎？

隨著以太坊繼續其雄心勃勃的旅程，成為一個可擴展，安全和節能的區塊鏈，它是否升級的問題

As Ethereum continues its ambitious journey toward becoming a scalable, secure, and energy-efficient blockchain, the question of whether its upgrades will face further delays looms large. The ongoing network upgrades, particularly the highly anticipated Ethereum 2.0 transition and the implementation of sharding, have been long-awaited by developers, users, and investors alike. However, as with any complex technological upgrade, delays are not unusual. Let’s explore the potential factors that could cause further delays and what the Ethereum community is doing to address these concerns.

隨著以太坊繼續其雄心勃勃的旅程，成為一個可擴展，安全和節能的區塊鏈，其升級是否會面臨進一步延遲的問題。正在進行的網絡升級，尤其是備受期待的以太坊2.0過渡和碎片的實施，已被開發人員，用戶和投資者都期待。但是，與任何復雜的技術升級一樣，延遲並不罕見。讓我們探索可能導致進一步延遲以及以太坊社區為解決這些問題所做的事情的潛在因素。

1. The Ethereum 2.0 Transition: Full Move to Proof of Stake (PoS)

1。以太坊2.0過渡：完全移動到股份證明（POS）

The most significant upgrade in Ethereum’s roadmap is the full transition from Proof of Work (PoW) to Proof of Stake (PoS), which is expected to improve scalability, reduce energy consumption, and enhance the security of the network. While the Beacon Chain (the foundation for PoS) went live in December 2020, the full transition, known as The Merge, has faced multiple delays.

以太坊路線圖中最重要的升級是從工作證明（POW）到股份證明（POS）的完全過渡，該證明將提高可擴展性，降低能源消耗並提高網絡的安全性。雖然信標連鎖店（POS的基礎）於2020年12月播出，但被稱為合併的完整過渡已經面臨多個延遲。

Now targeted for completion in 2025, The Merge is a highly technical and complex process that involves merging the existing Ethereum execution layer (running on PoW) with the Beacon Chain (operating on PoS). This merger will finally retire the energy-intensive PoW mining mechanism and fully integrate the new PoS consensus protocol into the Ethereum mainnet.

現在，合併是一個針對2025年完成的目標，是一個高度技術和復雜的過程，涉及將現有的以太坊執行層（在POW上運行）與信標鏈（在POS上運行）合併。這次合併最終將退役能源密集型的POW挖掘機制，並將新的POS共識方案完全整合到以太坊主網中。

Throughout 2023, several testnets, including Zhejiang, Shanghai, and Goerli, underwent extensive testing and audits to prepare for The Merge on the main Ethereum network. As the testnets continue to perform well, the Merge is edging closer to being realized.

在整個2023年，包括千江，上海和Goerli在內的幾個測試網絡進行了廣泛的測試和審核，以準備在主要以太坊網絡上合併。隨著測試網絡的性能繼續良好，合併正在接近實現。

However, the complexity of the transition and the need for thorough testing could still lead to unexpected delays. Moreover, the community must reach a consensus on various technical aspects and decide on the optimal time to trigger The Merge, further adding to the potential for delays.

但是，過渡的複雜性和進行徹底測試的需求仍然可能導致意外延遲。此外，社區必須就各種技術方面達成共識，並決定觸發合併的最佳時間，從而進一步增加了延誤的潛力。

2. Sharding: The Scalability Solution for Ethereum

2。碎片：以太坊的可伸縮性解決方案

One of the most critical elements of Ethereum’s future scalability is sharding—the process of splitting the network into smaller, more manageable parts called “shards.” This will allow Ethereum to process transactions in parallel, significantly increasing its transaction throughput and lowering fees.

以太坊未來可擴展性的最關鍵要素之一是碎片 - 將網絡分為較小，更易於管理的部分稱為“碎片”的過程。這將使以太坊可以並行處理交易，從而大大增加其交易吞吐量和降低費用。

Currently, Ethereum can only handle about 15 transactions per second (TPS), leading to congestion and high gas fees, especially during periods of high network activity. With sharding, each shard will be able to process transactions independently, increasing the overall TPS of the network by orders of magnitude.

目前，以太坊只能處理每秒約15筆交易（TPS），導致擁塞和高汽油費用，尤其是在高網絡活動期間。通過碎片，每個碎片將能夠獨立處理交易，從而通過數量級來增加網絡的整體TPS。

While the Ethereum development community has been working on sharding for several years, it is an inherently complex undertaking that requires careful design, implementation, and testing. Several technical challenges need to be overcome, including cross-shard communication protocols, data availability, and security implications.

儘管以太坊開發社區已經致力於碎片，但這是一項固有的複雜事業，需要仔細的設計，實施和測試。需要克服一些技術挑戰，包括跨分斷通信協議，數據可用性和安全性影響。

Furthermore, the integration of sharding with other planned Ethereum upgrades, such as The Merge and Layer-2 scaling solutions, will require additional coordination and testing efforts. As a result, the full implementation of sharding on the Ethereum mainnet is not expected before 2025, and this timeline could be subject to change based on testing outcomes and other factors.

此外，將碎片與其他計劃的以太坊升級（例如合併和2層縮放解決方案）集成，將需要其他協調和測試工作。結果，預計在2025年之前不會預計在以太坊主網上進行全面碎片，並且該時間表可能會根據測試結果和其他因素而發生變化。

3. Gas Fee Reductions and Ethereum’s Layer-2 Ecosystem

3。降低汽油費和以太坊的2層生態系統

One of the ongoing goals for Ethereum is to reduce gas fees, which have been a significant pain point for users. Ethereum’s high fees have prompted the growth of Layer-2 solutions, such as Optimistic Rollups and zk-Rollups, which offer cheaper transactions by processing them off the Ethereum mainnet.

以太坊的持續目標之一是減少汽油費，這對用戶來說是一個重要的痛苦點。以太坊的高費用促使第2層解決方案（例如樂觀的匯總和ZK滾動）的增長，通過將其從以太坊主網處理處理來提供更便宜的交易。

These Layer-2 solutions help ease congestion and reduce fees but will eventually need to integrate fully with Ethereum’s core protocol to ensure long-term scalability. Currently, Layer-2 transactions are still subject to high gas fees when they are submitted to the Ethereum mainnet for final settlement.

這些第2層解決方案有助於緩解擁塞和減少費用，但最終將需要與以太坊的核心協議完全集成以確保長期可伸縮性。當前，當將第2層交易提交給以太坊主網以進行最終解決時，仍需支付高汽油費。

The integration of Layer-2 solutions into Ethereum’s core protocol is crucial for achieving sustainable gas fee reductions. This will allow Layer-2 transactions to be processed and settled efficiently on Ethereum, reducing the overall gas costs for users.

將第2層解決方案集成到以太坊的核心協議中對於實現可持續的汽油費至關重要。這將允許在以太坊上處理和有效地處理2層交易，從而降低用戶的總體氣體成本。

However, fully integrating Layer-2 solutions with Ethereum’s core protocol is a complex undertaking that requires careful planning, implementation, and testing. This process will likely take time and could potentially face further delays, especially considering the need to coordinate with multiple Layer-2 teams and ensure interoperability among different solutions.

但是，將第2層解決方案與以太坊的核心協議完全集成在一起是一項複雜的工作，需要仔細的計劃，實施和測試。這個過程可能需要時間，並可能面臨進一步的延遲，尤其是考慮到需要與多個第2層團隊進行協調並確保不同解決方案之間的互操作性。

4. Ethereum’s Environmental Concerns and Regulatory Scrutiny

4。以太坊的環境問題和監管審查

As Ethereum transitions from PoW to PoS, one of the primary benefits will be a significant reduction in its energy consumption. However, regulatory and environmental factors could influence the timeline of the upgrade.

隨著以太坊從POW到POS的過渡，主要好處之一將是其能源消耗的大幅度降低。但是，監管和環境因素可能會影響升級的時間表。

Currently, Ethereum’s PoW mining process consumes a substantial amount of electricity, which has raised concerns among some stakeholders and regulators. The move to PoS is expected to reduce Ethereum’s energy consumption by more than 99%, making it much more environmentally friendly.

目前，以太坊的POW採礦過程消耗了大量電力，這引起了一些利益相關者和監管機構的關注。前往POS的舉動預計將使以太坊的能源消耗量減少99％以上，從而使其更加環保。

While the Ethereum community is largely in favor of the transition to PoS, there are some within the community who prefer to stick with the

儘管以太坊社區在很大程度上支持向POS的過渡，但社區中有些人更喜歡堅持