以太坊聯合創始人Vitalik Buterin提議用RISC-V指令集架構代替EVM

根據Buterin的說法，其目的是顯著提高以太坊執行層的效率，簡單性和可擴展性。

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has proposed a major change to the foundation of the network's execution environment: replacing the long-standing Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) with the open-source RISC-V instruction set architecture.

以太坊聯合創始人Vitalik Buterin提出了對網絡執行環境的基礎的重大變化：用開源的RISC-V教學套件架構替換長期存在的以太坊虛擬機（EVM）。

The aim is to dramatically enhance the efficiency, simplicity, and scalability of Ethereum's execution layer, Buterin said in a post on Wednesday on Ethereum's core developer forum.

Buterin在周三在以太坊的Core Developer論壇上的帖子中說，目的是顯著提高以太坊執行層的效率，簡單性和可擴展性。

The EVM has been at the heart of Ethereum's smart contract infrastructure, serving as a key component not only for the blockchain itself but also for countless other blockchains and Layer-2 rollups built to be EVM-compatible.

EVM一直是以太坊的智能合同基礎架構的核心，它不僅是區塊鏈本身的關鍵組件，而且是無數的其他區塊鍊和構建的第2層匯總，該組件是與EVM兼容的。

However, Buterin argues that the EVM may be reaching its architectural limits. A switch to RISC-V could yield efficiency gains of up to 100x for certain operations, especially in zero-knowledge proof generation, he added.

但是，Buterin認為EVM可能正在達到其建築極限。他補充說，轉移到RISC-V的轉換可以使某些操作的效率提高高達100倍，尤其是在零知識證明的生成中。

Unlike the EVM, RISC-V is a standardized, hardware-friendly architecture designed to be simple, extensible, and efficient. Its adoption in Ethereum could reduce execution layer complexity, improve performance in zkEVM proving, and enhance support for cryptographic operations thanks to its native instruction support.

與EVM不同，RISC-V是一種標準化，硬件友好的體系結構，旨在簡單，可擴展和高效。它在以太坊中的採用可以降低執行層的複雜性，改善ZKEVM證明的性能，並通過其本機指導支持增強對加密操作的支持。

This would also not mean abandoning Solidity or existing EVM contracts. Buterin envisions a dual-VM strategy, allowing Solidity code to compile down to RISC-V bytecode.

這也不意味著放棄堅固或現有的EVM合同。 Buterin設想了雙VM策略，允許固體代碼編譯為RISC-V字節碼。

There are also discussions around maintaining backwards compatibility by running both EVM and RISC-V contracts side by side or creating a RISC-V-based interpreter for legacy contracts.

還進行了討論，涉及通過並排運行EVM和RISC-V合同或為Legacy合同創建基於RISC-V的口譯員來保持向後兼容性。

Buterin's proposal comes at a time when ETH is grappling with multiple challenges. Transaction fees have dropped to multi-year lows, network activity has declined, and rival chains are gaining ground in performance and developer adoption.

Buterin的提議是在ETH面臨多重挑戰的時候。交易費用已降至多年低點，網絡活動有所下降，並且競爭對手鍊在績效和開發人員的採用方面均增強。

With many users and developers shifting to Layer-2s, concerns are also rising over Ethereum's long-term revenue generation and market relevance.

隨著許多用戶和開發人員轉移到第2層，人們對以太坊的長期收入產生和市場相關性也引起了人們的關注。

While Ethereum's consensus layer continues to evolve through initiatives like the Beam Chain and other research projects, the execution layer remains a bottleneck. Buterin believes that only a "radical change" like RISC-V could unlock the next level of efficiency and scalability.

儘管以太坊的共識層繼續通過諸如梁鍊和其他研究項目之類的計劃發展，但執行層仍然是瓶頸。 Buterin認為，像RISC-V這樣的“根本變化”只能解鎖下一個效率和可擴展性。

"We can get to a parallel RISC-V chain that has about 100x throughput for certain types of operations (especially useful for zkEVM proving), is about 5-10x smaller code size, and has excellent support for cryptographic primitives," Buterin said.

Buterin說：“我們可以進入一個並行的RISC-V鏈，該鏈的某些類型的操作（對於ZKEVM證明）大約有100倍的吞吐量，大約是較小的代碼尺寸，並且對加密原始圖具有很好的支持。”

"It's not an impossibility to get to a chain that does both at the same time, and crucially, has a modular design that allows for pieces like the crypto primitives to be easily modified or upgraded."

“到達同時進行同時進行的鏈條並不是不可能的，並且至關重要的是，具有模塊化設計，可以輕鬆修改或升級諸如加密原語之類的碎片。”