以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin提议用RISC-V指令集架构代替EVM

根据Buterin的说法，其目的是显着提高以太坊执行层的效率，简单性和可扩展性。

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has proposed a major change to the foundation of the network's execution environment: replacing the long-standing Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) with the open-source RISC-V instruction set architecture.

以太坊联合创始人Vitalik Buterin提出了对网络执行环境的基础的重大变化：用开源的RISC-V教学套件架构替换长期存在的以太坊虚拟机（EVM）。

The aim is to dramatically enhance the efficiency, simplicity, and scalability of Ethereum's execution layer, Buterin said in a post on Wednesday on Ethereum's core developer forum.

Buterin在周三在以太坊的Core Developer论坛上的帖子中说，目的是显着提高以太坊执行层的效率，简单性和可扩展性。

The EVM has been at the heart of Ethereum's smart contract infrastructure, serving as a key component not only for the blockchain itself but also for countless other blockchains and Layer-2 rollups built to be EVM-compatible.

EVM一直是以太坊的智能合同基础架构的核心，它不仅是区块链本身的关键组件，而且是无数的其他区块链和构建的第2层汇总，该组件是与EVM兼容的。

However, Buterin argues that the EVM may be reaching its architectural limits. A switch to RISC-V could yield efficiency gains of up to 100x for certain operations, especially in zero-knowledge proof generation, he added.

但是，Buterin认为EVM可能正在达到其建筑极限。他补充说，转移到RISC-V的转换可以使某些操作的效率提高高达100倍，尤其是在零知识证明的生成中。

Unlike the EVM, RISC-V is a standardized, hardware-friendly architecture designed to be simple, extensible, and efficient. Its adoption in Ethereum could reduce execution layer complexity, improve performance in zkEVM proving, and enhance support for cryptographic operations thanks to its native instruction support.

与EVM不同，RISC-V是一种标准化，硬件友好的体系结构，旨在简单，可扩展和高效。它在以太坊中的采用可以降低执行层的复杂性，改善ZKEVM证明的性能，并通过其本机指导支持增强对加密操作的支持。

This would also not mean abandoning Solidity or existing EVM contracts. Buterin envisions a dual-VM strategy, allowing Solidity code to compile down to RISC-V bytecode.

这也不意味着放弃坚固或现有的EVM合同。 Buterin设想了双VM策略，允许固体代码编译为RISC-V字节码。

There are also discussions around maintaining backwards compatibility by running both EVM and RISC-V contracts side by side or creating a RISC-V-based interpreter for legacy contracts.

还进行了讨论，涉及通过并排运行EVM和RISC-V合同或为Legacy合同创建基于RISC-V的口译员来保持向后兼容性。

Buterin's proposal comes at a time when ETH is grappling with multiple challenges. Transaction fees have dropped to multi-year lows, network activity has declined, and rival chains are gaining ground in performance and developer adoption.

Buterin的提议是在ETH面临多重挑战的时候。交易费用已降至多年低点，网络活动有所下降，并且竞争对手链在绩效和开发人员的采用方面均增强。

With many users and developers shifting to Layer-2s, concerns are also rising over Ethereum's long-term revenue generation and market relevance.

随着许多用户和开发人员转移到第2层，人们对以太坊的长期收入产生和市场相关性也引起了人们的关注。

While Ethereum's consensus layer continues to evolve through initiatives like the Beam Chain and other research projects, the execution layer remains a bottleneck. Buterin believes that only a "radical change" like RISC-V could unlock the next level of efficiency and scalability.

尽管以太坊的共识层继续通过诸如梁链和其他研究项目之类的计划发展，但执行层仍然是瓶颈。 Buterin认为，像RISC-V这样的“根本变化”只能解锁下一个效率和可扩展性。

"We can get to a parallel RISC-V chain that has about 100x throughput for certain types of operations (especially useful for zkEVM proving), is about 5-10x smaller code size, and has excellent support for cryptographic primitives," Buterin said.

Buterin说：“我们可以进入一个并行的RISC-V链，该链的某些类型的操作（对于ZKEVM证明）大约有100倍的吞吐量，大约是较小的代码尺寸，并且对加密原始图具有很好的支持。”

"It's not an impossibility to get to a chain that does both at the same time, and crucially, has a modular design that allows for pieces like the crypto primitives to be easily modified or upgraded."

“到达同时进行同时进行的链条并不是不可能的，并且至关重要的是，具有模块化设计，可以轻松修改或升级诸如加密原语之类的碎片。”