副檢察長（DAG）托德·布蘭奇（Todd Blanche）向司法部的僱員發送備忘錄後

上週，副檢察長（DAG）托德·布蘭奇（Todd Blanche）向司法部的僱員發送了一份備忘錄，指示該機構停止起訴攪拌機，交流和“離線錢包”

Last week, Deputy Attorney General (DAG) Todd Blanche sent a memo to employees of the Department of Justice, directing the agency to stop prosecuting mixers, exchanges, and “offline wallets” for the criminal conduct of their users.

上週，副檢察長（DAG）托德·布蘭奇（Todd Blanche）向司法部的僱員發送了一份備忘錄，指示該機構停止起訴攪拌機，交流和“離線錢包”以供用戶犯罪。

Understandably, the community broke out in celebration. Privacy is now legal again!, some claimed. #FreeSamourai!, others demanded. DOJ ends ‘regulation by prosecution’ as companies who had previously left the US due to regulatory uncertainty announced plans to return, a media outlet headlined, referring to the memo’s title. This will change everything, appeared to be the general tenor.

可以理解的是，社區在慶祝活動中爆發。隱私現在再次合法！ ，有人聲稱。 #freesamourai！ ，其他人要求。司法部結束了“受到起訴的監管”，因為由於監管不確定性宣布了返回計劃，因此媒體媒體的標題是備忘錄的標題。這將改變一切，似乎是一般男高音。

But does the DAG’s memo actually change anything? Scholars are not so sure.

但是，DAG的備忘錄實際上會改變任何東西嗎？學者不太確定。

“Did DOJ Bless A Crypto Free-For-All? Think Again,” writes the industry publication Law360, read by over 2 million legal professionals around the world. “The platforms could still face enforcement actions if investigators uncover evidence that they knew customers were using digital assets to further transnational crime.”

行業出版物Law 360寫道：“司法公約保佑一個免費的加密貨幣？再考慮一下。” “如果調查人員發現有證據表明客戶正在使用數字資產進一步進一步跨國犯罪，那麼這些平台仍然可能面臨執法行動。”

Namely, the memo instructs the DOJ to focus less on regulatory violations, and more on “those who use digital assets in furtherance of criminal offenses”, such as terrorism, organized crime, and hacking, as well as narcotics- and human trafficking.

也就是說，該備忘錄指示司法部更少專注於監管違規行為，而更多地關注“那些使用數字資產來促進刑事犯罪的人”，例如恐怖主義，有組織犯罪和黑客，以及麻醉品和人口販運。

While the memo reads that “the Department will no longer target virtual currency exchanges, mixing and tumbling services, and offline wallets for the acts of their end users or unwitting violations of regulations,” there appears to be very little clarity as to whom the DOJ considers to “use digital assets in furtherance of criminal offenses” – individuals thereby excluded by the DAG’s statements.

備忘錄上寫道：“該部門將不再針對虛擬貨幣交流，混合和翻滾服務以及最終用戶行為的離線錢包，或者不願違反法規的行為”，但司法部似乎很少有明確的意見，即“將其使用數字資產來促進犯罪犯罪的人” - 因此， - 因此，個人的犯罪行為是由dag的說法排除的。

“A handful of pending, high-profile prosecutions could soon offer clues on the DOJ’s approach. They include a money laundering case against Roman Storm,” Law360 adds.

Law360補充說：“少數待定的，備受矚目的起訴可能很快就會提供有關司法部方法的線索。其中包括針對羅馬風暴的洗錢案。”

Both in the prosecution of Storm, as well as in the prosecution of Samourai Wallet developers Keonne Rodriguez and William Hill, the agency is currently claiming that the entire point of developing their respected privacy services was to enrich themselves on criminal activity, placing them well within frame of the memo’s exceptions.

在起訴風暴以及薩穆萊錢包開發商基恩·羅德里格斯（Keonne Rodriguez）和威廉·希爾（William Hill）的起訴中，該機構目前聲稱，開發其尊敬的隱私服務的全部目的是在犯罪活動中充實自己，使他們在備忘錄的框架內很好地放置。

Notably, the DAG’s memo specifically excludes a subsection of USC 18 §1960, which is “at the heart of the Storm and Samourai cases,” posted CEO of the DeFi Education Fund Amanda Tuminelli.

值得注意的是，DAG的備忘錄專門排除了USC18§1960的小節，該小節是“暴風雨和薩穆萊案件的核心”。

Due to this exclusion, the prosecution of both Tornado Cash and Samourai Wallet developers will continue to set precedent over whether developers of non-custodial services can be held liable for the actions of their users, and must further deploy comprehensive anti-money laundering frameworks as required of any money service business, including know-your customer checks.

由於這種排斥，對龍捲風現金和薩穆萊錢包開發商的起訴將繼續對非居民服務的開發商保持先例，以便對其用戶的行為負責，並且必須進一步部署全面的反合資洗滌框架，要求根據任何貨幣服務業務（包括知識客戶檢查）的要求。

“We will wait to see what happens with the Tornado Cash and Samourai Wallet prosecutions. Memo says no targeting of mixers, exchanges, and offline wallets ‘for the acts of their end users’ or ‘unwitting violations of regulations’ but we’re still in uncharted territory,” wrote CoinCenter's Peter van Valkenburgh on X.

“我們將等待看看龍捲風現金和薩穆萊錢包起訴會發生什麼。備忘錄說，沒有針對混音器，交流和離線錢包“為其最終用戶的行為”或“不願違反法規的行為”，但我們仍處於未知領土上，” Concenter的Peter peter van van vanvalkenburgh寫道。

"This is great news, but important not to over read this. Memo also says DOJ will focus on 'those who use digital assets in furtherance of criminal offenses' and we'll have to see how that's applied in practice," added Bitcoin Policy Institute fellow Zack Shapiro.

比特幣政策學院Zack Shapiro院士補充說：“這是個好消息，但重要的是不要過度閱讀。

Both prosecutions effectively focus on the obligations software developers face when having no control over the funds their software transmits, into which the DAG’s memo appears to give no insight. In fact, the DAG appears to have intentionally avoided the terms “non-custodial” or “unhosted,” as non-custodial wallets are commonly referred to in Government circles, instead referring to “offline wallets” in its statements.

兩項起訴有效地關注軟件開發人員在無法控制其軟件傳輸資金時面臨的義務，DAG的備忘錄似乎沒有任何見解。實際上，DAG似乎已經故意避免了“非監測”或“未遺產”術語，因為在政府圈子中通常提到了非習慣錢包，而是指其聲明中的“離線錢包”。

Many in return are now wondering how software developers may implement KYC checks when dealing with non-custodial wallets if the prosecution of either developers is successful, and non-custodial services like Samourai and Tornado Cash are deemed to fall under money service business licensing requirements.

現在，許多回報率現在想知道，軟件開發人員在處理非監護錢包時如何實施KYC檢查，如果任何一個開發人員的起訴成功，samourai和Samourai和Tornado Cash等非監護服務都被認為屬於貨幣服務業務許可要求。

Former CFTC chair Timothy Massad gave some insight into how the KYC of the future may look when applied to Bitcoin in an interview with Bitcoin Magazine last week, stating that he believes ensuring that Bitcoin is not used for illicit purposes will probably involved some form of “digital identity,” as well as “smart contracts” which “wouldn’t process a transaction unless you could provide that [digital identity].”

Former CFTC chair Timothy Massad gave some insight into how the KYC of the future may look when applied to Bitcoin in an interview with Bitcoin Magazine last week, stating that he believes ensuring that Bitcoin is not used for illicit purposes will probably involved some form of “digital identity,” as well as “smart contracts” which “wouldn't process a transaction unless you could provide that [digital identity].”

What may sound like a distant dystopian future is currently being mandated in the US, which will require US Americans to present a Real ID compatible drivers license for domestic air travel starting May 7th, which is intended to be expanded into a fully fledged digital identity once the document is widely enough adopted.

在美國，目前正在授權聽起來像是遙遠的反烏托邦未來，這將要求美國人從5月7日開始頒發真正的ID兼容駕駛員許可證，以便在5月7日開始，一旦文檔被廣泛採用，該公司旨在將其擴展到完全剛剛起步的數字身份。